Abstract: A structure of periodically varying density is provided, that acts as a phonon resonator for phonons capable of participating in phonon-electron interactions. Specifically, a phonon resonator that is resonant for phonons of appropriate momentum to participate in indirect radiative transitions and/or inter zone intervalley scattering events is provided. Preferably, the structure is an isotope superlattice, most preferably of silicon. The structure of the present invention has improved optical, electrical, and/or heat transfer properties. A method of preparing a the structure of the present invention is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides isolated apolipoprotein transcription factors and gene regulatory elements. The invention also provides methods of modulating apolipoprotein gene expression by interfering with interactions between apolipoprotein transcription factors and their cognate regulatory elements and/or by interfering with protein-protein interactions between or among apolipoprotein transcription factors or between an apolipoprotein transcription factor and the transcription machinery. This invention has application in the treatment of disorders relating to lipid metabolism (e.g. atherosclerosis, hypertriglyceridemia, etc.).