Abstract: An upconverter has a low noise amplifier, a two port mixer and an antenna. The two port mixer comprises a first port to receive from the low noise amplifier an amplified input signal to be upconverted and a second port to receive a local oscillator signal and to output the amplified, upconverted signal at upper and lower sideband frequencies. The low noise amplifier is coupled to the first port; and the antenna is coupled to the second port.

Abstract: A method is provided for displaying a concatenated file such as an image or text file that has been generated by combining information from other files. The concatenated file includes a file structure that can be shown on a display unit and that contains basic information and reference information. The reference information includes information about links of the concatenated file with source reference files which are also files of the file structure and are used for generating the concatenated file. The source reference files are automatically identified with the assistance of the reference information after the concatenated file has been selected. The source reference files and the concatenated file are subsequently displayed and accentuated at the display unit in an intelligent tree structure.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance system has a basic field magnet that generates a static basic magnetic field that is essentially homogeneous within an examination volume, the basic magnetic field having a basic direction. At least one tool can be inserted into the examination volume and can be removed from it. The at least one tool has a number of Hall elements. Each Hall element of the at least one tool is fashioned such that a binary signal emitted by said Hall element characterizes whether the basic magnetic field has a component that, relative to a respective element direction of the respective Hall element, is greater than a threshold. The respective element directions of the respective Hall elements differ from one another in pairs. The Hall elements of the at least one tool communicate in terms of data with an evaluation device of the magnetic resonance system to transmit the binary signal that it emits.

Abstract: Optimized transmission system for an MRT is achieved by a device and a method to generate transmission signals (29) via multiple transmission units of a transmission system for a magnetic resonance tomography system, wherein transmission data are respectively received from the transmission units via a transmission data input, received transmission data are stored in transmission data memory elements of the transmission units, transmission signals representing stored transmission data are generated with transmission data (stored in transmission data memory elements) by transmission signal transmission units of the transmission units, and the generation of transmission signals proceeds simultaneously via the transmission signal transmission units.

Abstract: In a printing system or method, two printing units apply printing ink onto a recording material, each printing unit having multiple apparatuses with a respective microprocessor controller. The microprocessor controllers are connected with one another via a respective data bus segment and each data bus segment has multiple data lines. The two data bus segments of the two printing units are connected with a bus switch. The bus switch has a data switch to connect a respective one of the lines of the one data bus segment with the corresponding line of the other data bus segment, a respective terminating resistor being provided for each data bus segment. The terminating resistors are connected with a respective terminating switch coupled with the data switches such that either all terminating switches are open and all data switches are closed, or all terminating switches are closed and all data switches are open.

Abstract: In a converter unit to convert control information to be transferred between at least first and second processing units of a printing or copying system, at least one first data interface is provided according to a first interface standard for exchange of control information between the converter unit and at least the first processing unit. A control signal interface is provided for at least one signal line between the converter unit and the first processing unit, the signal line being associated with one control signal. At least one real-time-capable second data interface according to a second interface standard is provided for exchange of control information between the converter unit and at least the second processing unit. The converter unit converts data conforming to a signal state of the control signal into data according to the second interface standard and conforming to the real-time-capable second data interface.

Abstract: In a cyclone and a method for operating a cyclone, in a duct leading to an inlet of the cyclone, at least partial separation of particles according to size takes place. A bypass arrangement diverts selected particles to the discharge duct of the cyclone. The cyclone is suitable for separating particles from blast furnace waste gases.

Abstract: In a medical system architecture and a message exchange method at least one modality is provided to acquire examination images, computer workstations are associated with the respective modalities to process the examination images, a device is provided to transfer data, the examination images, and messages between client applications and server applications, and a storage device is processed for the data and examination images, and further computer workstations are provided for post-processing of the data and examination images. A proxy server is associated with the data transfer device that effects a conversion of the messages between client applications and server applications according to established transformation rules. The contents of those messages are manipulated in the transfer thereof according to the aforementioned transformation rules, by a conversion routine.

Abstract: In a continuous mammography procedure, the breast of a subject is fixed in place in a retention device, and a first x-ray image is generated by irradiating the breast in the retention device. While the breast is still held in the retention device, the first x-ray image is evaluated to define a condition for generating a second x-ray image. The second x-ray image is then generated according to the defined condition, with the breast still in the same position in the retention device.

Abstract: A hollow cylindrical thermal shield for a tubular cryogenically cooled superconducting magnet, has a first axis, an inner cylindrical tube having an axis aligned with the first axis, an outer cylindrical tube of greater diameter than the diameter of the inner cylindrical tube, having an axis aligned with the first axis, and annular end pieces, joining the inner cylindrical tube and the outer cylindrical tube to form an enclosure. The hollow cylindrical thermal shield further has a cylindrical stiffener, extending axially at least part of the axial length of the inner cylindrical tube, the stiffener being joined at intervals to the inner cylindrical tube, thereby to improve the mechanical rigidity of the inner cylindrical tube.

Abstract: In a method for measuring the level of liquid cryogen in a cryogen vessel, a current pulse is applied to a cryogen level probe includes an ignition current pulse part of sufficient magnitude to ensure that a resistive front propagates down the probe to below the liquid cryogen surface; a recovery current pulse part allowing that part of the superconducting wire below the surface of the liquid cryogen to return to a superconducting state; and a measurement current pulse part of sufficient magnitude and duration to allow an accurate measurement of the superconducting wire's resistance to be measured.

Abstract: In a magnetic resonance data acquisition method and system for acquiring data from a patient who carries, either intracorporeally or extracorporeally, a foreign object at least partially composed of electrically conductive material, RF heating to the patient due to the presence of the foreign object is minimized by radiating the patient with RF energy by an RF coil that has a coil design. The sequence of pulses to which the patient is subjected to acquire magnetic resonance data from the patient is configured, in combination with the coil design of the RF coil to steer or modify the electric field that arises in the patient so that RF heating in the patient due to the presence of the foreign object is minimized.

Abstract: In a method and system for automated association of an assessor with an assessment task (in particular an evaluation of an image data set) an assessor database is used that contains assessors as well as selection information associated with assessors and task information associated with assessment tasks. A medical assessment is automatically associated with an assessor using at least one decision rule, starting from the task information and with consideration of the relevant selection information.

Abstract: In order to reduce reflection and heating of a high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) beam following a region of interest in tissue to which an HIFU beam was administered, at least two layers of aquasonic gel are applied at a tissue/air interface following the region of interest and the focus in a direction of propagation of the HIFU beam. A first of the two aquasonic gel layers is a foamed aquasonic gel layer, and a second of the two layers is substantially bubble-free aquasonic gel. The layer of foamed aquasonic gel is placed directly adjacent the tissue/air interface, and the layer of substantially bubble-free aquasonic gel is placed over the layer of foamed aquasonic gel, at a side thereof facing away from the tissue/air interface.

Abstract: To further automate the manufacture of hearing aid component parts that are in part produced with a rapid prototyping method, a laser beam for curing material is generated by a laser, and a workpiece support that can be directly exposed by the laser is provided. The laser beam is deflected by an optic device so that the workpiece support can be indirectly exposed with the laser. Material can thereby be more easily applied in undercuts of workpiece blanks that form the basis of the hearing aid component parts.

Abstract: In an electrographic printing device a plurality of printing groups each have a respective plurality of developer stations. A plurality of toner reservoirs are each connected via a respective toner transport channel with one or more of the developer stations. Each of the toner reservoirs outside of the printing groups is stored in a respective toner transport unit. Each of the toner reservoirs is provided with a first circuit having a memory in which is stored at least a color filled into the respective toner reservoir. A respective second circuit with a memory is associated with each of the toner transport units. These memories have stored therein at least the respective toner color filled into the respective stored toner reservoir. A respective third circuit with a memory is provided for each developer station, the respective third circuit memory having stored therein at least a toner color filled into the respective developer station.

Abstract: A manipulator, in particular a small robot, has at least two motor mutually movable limbs with a motion axis of both limbs being acted on by an axle drive that has an external rotor motor, a position transmitter and a transmission. The transmission has at least one planetary gear set with a center gear and at least one planet meshing with it that also meshes with a ring gear and is mounted on a planet carrier. One of both limbs of the manipulators is torque proof connected with the ring gear and is mounted by this radial and/or axially, and the other is torque proof connected by both limbs of the manipulator with the planet carrier and is mounted by this radial and/or axially.

Abstract: A foot cover includes a pair of laterally spaced surface sections, first engagement portions on the insides of the lateral surface sections and configured to be engaged with a front side of a leg bracket, a second engagement portion at a rear side of the foot cover and configured to engage a rear side of the leg bracket, and an urging rib that urges the foot cover toward the rear side thereof. The first engagement portions have a fore-and-aft restricting surface that restricts the foot cover from being displaced rearwardly when mounted and a first inclination surface that abuts an associated front end portion of the leg bracket to restrict deformation of the associated lateral surface section into a separating direction of the lateral surface sections.

Abstract: In a magnetic resonance method and apparatus for determining a magnetization transfer constant a first MR signal sequence is acquired from an object being examined using a spin echo based imaging sequence, a second MR signal sequence is acquired from the object being examined using a spin echo based imaging sequence having basically identical imaging parameters to the first MR signal sequence, with the exception that the energy level of the RF pulses for exciting the magnetization in the first MR signal sequence and the energy level of the RF pulses for exciting the magnetization in the second MR signal sequence are different. The magnetization transfer constant is determined based on the signal differences between the first and second MR signal sequences.

Abstract: In a cold superconducting joint, a joint cup is provided. Lengths of superconducting filaments are placed in the joint cup. A superconducting material fills the joint cup in contact with the superconducting filaments and in thermal and mechanical contact with a pipe carrying a cryogen. The pipe extends into the joint cup and the superconducting material extends around the pipe within the joint cup.