Abstract: Method and means is disclosed for treating carrier particles in order to change the charge to mass ratio and the resistivity of a development powder encompassing such particles. The carrier particles are first coated with a polymer capable of providing reactive sites and then an additional treatment is carried out with a material that will react to the reactive sites. Another advantage of the treatment is that the carrier particles are protected from oxidation following such treatment.

Abstract: A heated fuser roll for use in a fusing apparatus for fixing toner images to a support surface. The fuser roll includes an electrically conductive core member having a plurality of axially disposed longitudinal channels lying along the outer surface of the core member, and a heating element formed of a semiconducting ceramic material having a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity and exhibiting a Curie temperature transition point at which the resistance of the material increases with increasing temperature positioned in each of the channels. A layer of a thermally conductive material covers the outer exposed surfaces of both the core member and heating elements, and a sleeve member is positioned around the thermally conductive material.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for use in an electrostatographic reproducing machine to remove magnetic toner particles from a moving surface such as a photoreceptor or transfer belt is disclosed. The cleaning apparatus comprises a frame member which includes means for containing toner particles therein; scraping means positioned in contiguous relation to said moving surface whereby toner particles adhering to the surface are removed therefrom; and magnetic means positioned on the frame opposite to the location of the scraping means for attracting the magnetic toner particles away from the moving surface and into the container means.

Abstract: A fusing apparatus comprises a heated roll fuser member; an endless belt which engages a portion of the peripheral surface of the heated roll fuser member to form an area through which substrates carrying toner images thereon move; first charging apparatus for applying an electrostatic charge to the belt opposite in polarity to the charge on the toner particles, the charging apparatus being positioned adjacent the belt so as to charge the portion of the belt supporting the substrate prior to it passing between the heated fuser roll and the belt; and second charging apparatus for applying an electrostatic charge on the fuser roll.

Abstract: A heated fuser roll for use in a fusing apparatus for fixing toner images to a support surface. The fuser roll includes one or more heating units each of which include (i) a wafer shaped heating element formed of a semiconducting ceramic material having a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity and exhibiting a Curie temperature transition point at which the resistance of the material increases with increasing temperature and (ii) an electrically conductive member for providing electrical current to the heating elements, the conductive member being in contiguous relation to the heating element; a thermally conductive plate; and a sleeve positioned around the heating unit and the plate. An insulating member is positioned between each of the electrically conductive members and the thermally conductive plates.

Abstract: A heat-pressure fusing apparatus that exhibits high thermal efficiency is disclosed.

Abstract: A heated fuser member for use in an electrostatic copying machine formed of a roll structure whose outer surface comprises graphite is disclosed.

Abstract: Method and means is disclosed for treating carrier particles in order to change the charge to mass ratio and the resistivity of a development powder encompassing such particles. The carrier particles are first coated with a polymer capable of providing reactive sites and then an additional treatment is carried out with a material that will react to the reactive sites. Another advantage of the treatment is that the carrier particles are protected from oxidation following such treatment.