Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including (a) a plurality of source lines over a substrate; (b) a plurality of gate lines over the substrate in an orthogonal relation to the plurality of the source lines; and (c) a plurality of pixels in a matrix array at intersections of the source lines and gate lines, wherein, (i) each of the pixels is formed over the substrate and includes, at least a thin film transistor having a channel region, source and drain regions, a gate insulator adjacent to the channel region, and a gate electrode adjacent to the gate insulating film; (ii) a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, (iii) a storage capacitor operationally connected to the thin film transistor, the storage capacitor including an insulating film and at least first and second electrodes with the insulating film interposed therebetween, and (iv) wherein the first electrode may comprise the same semiconductor material as the channel region, and/or at least the channel region of the in film transistor may

Abstract: An electro-optical device including a substrate having an insulating surface and at least one thin film transistor formed on the insulating surface, wherein the thin film transistor includes a semiconductor film. An interlayer insulating film including an inorganic material is provided over the thin film transistor. A leveling film including an organic resin is formed over the substrate and covers the thin film transistor. The leveling film is prevented from directly contacting the semiconductor film by the interlayer insulating film formed over the semiconductor film. A pixel electrode is formed on the leveling film and is directly connected to the semiconductor film of the thin film transistor through an opening provided in the leveling film, wherein an edge of the organic resin film at a periphery of the opening is round.

Abstract: To sort materials, in particular plastic parts, the items are carried at known conveying speed past a material recognition system which uses non-contact scanning, for example NIR spectroscopy, of each item to determine its material type and delivers a signal that identifies the type of material, which signal is used in sorting the items according to material type. To ensure that the determination of material type is done at a spot on the item that is not disturbed by a label, metal stamp or the like, the items are also conveyed past an imaging system which takes pictures of the items from which, using electronic image-processing techniques, features of colour and/or shape of the items are determined, from which in turn position data are derived about spots on the item at which an undisturbed determination of material type is possible. With the aid of these position data the determination of material type is then confined to such undisturbed spots.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is characterized by comprising first and second substrates on a surface of which electrodes are formed, a liquid crystal material with ferroelectricity or antiferroelectricity interposed between the first and second electrodes, and an orientation film and disposed between the electrode or electrodes formed on the surface of said first and/or second substrate whose surface has been subjected to a process which gives optically uniaxial orientation to the liquid crystal material, wherein said orientation film has a pretilt angle of 1.6 to 3.1 degree with respect to a nematic liquid crystal. Further, a value of a polar term of surface tension on the surface of the orientation film ranges from 11 to 15 dyne/cm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for positioning antennas, the device comprising an assembly having an antenna-carrier mast movably mounted in a reserve provided between a particular absorbent wall of the measurement chamber and the adjacent wall of the envelope of the chamber; the mast passes through the particular wall via an associated slot to extend into the measurement chamber, each antenna is mounted to slide along the mast without interfering mechanically with any other antenna carried by the mast, thereby making it possible to position a desired antenna at a desired location while retracting the other antennas inside the reserve, behind the above-mentioned particular wall.

Abstract: An automatic transmission includes a multi-speed transmission gear mechanism having an input shaft, an output shaft and a plurality of friction coupling elements. A hydraulic control system selectively supplies a hydraulic pressure to the friction coupling elements, thereby selectively applying the friction coupling elements to cause the transmission gear mechanism to shift to a speed which is determined according to a predetermined shift pattern. The control system sets a target hydraulic pressure to be applied to the friction coupling elements according to the kind of the shift to be effected and the engine load, and, when it is detected that the transmission gear mechanism is to make a backout upshift due to reduction in the engine load, increases the target hydraulic pressure by an amount which is determined according to the throttle opening and the turbine speed.

Abstract: In an air bag apparatus, a bag body has a bag body opening portion. The bag body opening portion communicates with a gas generating apparatus for generating gas when a vehicle rapidly decelerates. Further, the bag body is expanded by gas generated from the gas generating apparatus. A base plate holds a peripheral edge of the bag body opening portion. A plurality of reinforcing materials is superposed in layered fashion on the peripheral edge of the bag body opening portion to reinforce the bag body. One portion is held by a base member. The plurality of reinforcing materials are respectively sewn to the reinforcing materials contacting the bag body.