Abstract: There is disclosed a conversion circuit arrangement for switching digital data signals between data terminals operating with different data transmission procedures. The circuit arrangement adapted for use with an electronic data switching system is composed of at least two interface circuits having input/output converting networks. External terminals of these interface circuits are connected to respective input/output means of the switching system for each type of data terminal. Internal input/output terminals of the interface circuits are connected to respective terminals of a storage unit. There is provided a control unit for controlling data transmission between the interface circuits and the storage unit and vice versa such that messages are buffered in the storage unit. The stored message is converted according to the data transmission procedure of the receiving data terminal.

Abstract: The target assembly contains a metal plate which has two end faces, a recess in one of these end faces, a target for generating X-rays when hit by high-energy electrons, and a cooling channel in the metal plate for directing a cooling medium therethrough. The target is arranged in the recess of the metal plate such that the recess is divided into two chambers. The cooling channel passes through these two chambers thereby exposing the target directly to the cooling medium when the latter flows through the cooling channel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for correcting energy (Z) signal non-uniformities in the response of an Anger-type scintillation camera to image events occurring at different (X, Y) positions on the camera face. Energy correction factors f(P)' corresponding to deviations of up to .+-.12.8% from a reference pixel area are determined off-line for 4,096 camera face pixel areas from a uniform flood field source Z-map. The correction factors f(P)' are stored in a 64.times.64 array of a correction factor memory, addressable by image event (X, Y) position coordinates. During on-line operation, for each image event the correction factor f(P)' corresponding to the image event (X, Y) position is retrieved, scaled in a multiplying digital to analog converter by the actual energy Z.sub.IN of the event, and added to the event Z.sub.IN signal to provide a corrected energy signal Z.sub.c =Z.sub.IN (1+f(P)') which is proportional to the incoming signal.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for determining the connection condition of a plurality of subscriber lines in a telecommunication network, each of the subscriber lines having two wires extending between a subscriber station and a subscriber line interface circuit and being connected via respective resistors to the two poles of a DC voltage source. For a group of such subscriber lines the operating conditions are consecutively monitored by sampling the voltage occurring at two sampling points of both wires by a respective multiplexor and passing it to a comparator having inputs which are temporarily inter-connected by filter capacitors each separately associated with a respective subscriber line interface circuit. In addition, the comparator receives a reference voltage determining a threshold voltage. For ground key indication one of the sampling points is connected to one input of a further comparator which second input is supplied by a corresponding further reference voltage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the dynamic modification of the spatial distortion correction capabilities of a scintillation camera having spatial distortion correction apparatus. The spatial distortion correction apparatus includes a memory having stored therein spatial distortion correction factors in a predetermined addressable format. During the on-line use of the scintillation camera, the spatial distortion correction apparatus transforms the image event coordinate position data from the scintillation camera in accordance with the stored distortion correction factors to provide corrected image event coordinate repositioning data. The spatial distortion correction modification apparatus and method provides modification of the corrected image event coordinate data in accordance with the respective energy levels of the image events to provide accurate spatial distortion correction characteristics for the actual energy levels of the image events.

Abstract: A floppy disk magnetic information storage and retrieval unit having a magnetic read/write head carriage and apparatus for shifting the carriage radially with respect to the floppy disk to effect data transfer with selectable tracks on the disk. The carriage shifting apparatus includes a lead screw shaft; a carriage nut arranged on the shaft and moveable axially when the shaft is rotated; and a stepper motor having a permanent magnet rotor arranged coaxially with, and rigidly attached to one end of the shaft. Two bearings are provided to hold the shaft and rotor combination at opposite ends of the shaft.

Abstract: An X-ray generator has at least a first and a second cathode filament for emitting electrons, one end of the first filament being connected to one end of the second filament, the connection point forming a terminal. Still two further terminals are located at the ends of the serial connection of the two filaments. Two of the three terminals are connected via a diode in each connection line to the first pole of a d-c source, while the third terminal is coupled to the second pole of the d-c source. Both diodes are oppositely poled. The polarity of the d-c voltage supplied by the d-c source can be changed, for example, by a remote reversing switch. The polarity of the d-c source determines which and how many filaments are energized to provide focal spots of different size. Since two supply lines are sufficient in a high-voltage cable for feeding the first and second filaments, a third line in the cable can be used for the supply of a third heating filament.

Abstract: The electron applicator incorporates a stationary support tube and an insert tube. The support tube and the insert tube each have a first end portion and a second end portion. The first end portion of the insert tube slideably extends into the second end portion of the support tube. Electrons of high energy are transmitted through the assembly of both tubes. The surface of the insert tube is tapered inwardly toward the end thereof in the travelling direction of the high energy electrons. A device is provided for preventing the insert tube from sliding out of the support tube. A first engaging device engages the insert tube in a first working position. This device is such that upon a predetermined axial force which may inadvertently be exercised by a patient under treatment, the insert tube will slide into the support tube.An adapter for small field or cavetory treatment may be connected to the output end of the insert tube.

Abstract: A temperature controlled oven chamber for gas chromatography incorporates a first stationary chamber wall, a second stationary chamber wall arranged remote from the first wall, and a displaceable chamber wall which is moveable between a closed position and an open position. In the closed position, the displaceable chamber wall forms the casing of the chamber or housing, and surrounds stationary analytical devices. In the open position, the displaceable wall is moved away from the first stationary wall, thereby opening the chamber or housing and yielding access to the analytical devices. When moving from the closed position to the open position, the displaceable wall will enclose the second wall at least temporarily.

Abstract: A method and a circuit arrangement for clock synchronization in the transmission of digital information signals. In the four-wire type transmission of blocks of information signals on a two-wire transmission line it is determined, by phase comparison, whether the first bit in each block of signals (1) falls within a time interval derived from the bit clock signal of the local clock generator; (2) falls within an adjacent time interval or (3) falls within none of such time intervals. Depending upon the results of this comparison, the time relationships are left unchanged, the period of the clock generator is shortened or lengthened one or more times, or a one-time, initial phase equality is established.

Abstract: There is disclosed a hand-held testing device for indicating different values of an electric test voltage. The testing device comprises at least one grip body adapted to be held in the hand and an electric circuit arranged therein. The grip body has a testing tip forming an input connecting point of the electric circuit adapted for receiving a test voltage and has a ground connection. The voltage divider connected between the connecting point and the ground connection has at least two ohmic resistors connected in series via a respective connector tap. Furthermore, the electric circuit has a plurality of display stages, each stage being connected to a respective connector tap of the voltage divider. Each display stage has a two-state amplifying element responsive to the voltage at the respective connector tap and has an optical display element indicating the presence of a given test voltage which is received at the connecting point.

Abstract: A subscriber line access circuit for use in a telecommunications system is disclosed. The subscriber line access circuit has a power supply bridge in the form of a first resistor inserted in the b-wire (ground potential side) of a subscriber line, a second resistor inserted in the a-wire (supply potential side) of the subscriber line, and a capacitor which bridges the two wires at the terminals of the two resistors on the sides thereof opposite to the respective potential sources. This supply bridge is coupled on the capacitor side with a two-to-four wire hybrid transformer for the two-wire/four-wire transition to the system, and includes an evaluating circuit which delivers an indicating signal when the subscriber actuates a ground key. A cutoff circuit is arranged in the power supply bridge in series with the first or the second resistor, or both, between such resistor and the winding of the hybrid transformer to which it, the resistor, as well as the evaluating circuit are connected.

Abstract: There is disclosed a hand held testing device for measuring different electrical quantities. Two handles equipped with test prongs are interconnected by a cable. A battery and means for charging the same are built into one handle. The other handle is provided with a function selecting switch and a range selecting switch having finger grip elements. Movable switch elements are constructed of contact rollers. The stationary switch elements are commonly formed of a printed circuit board bearing respective contact areas. A second printed circuit board assembly arranged aside the first board carries the main electrical units on one side and a display device with a visible display area on the opposite side. Selector areas assigned to each one of the switches for marking selector positions are arranged on the same side of the handle body as the display area. Test prongs, selector areas and the display area may therefore be viewed together.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for correcting for the spatial distortions of scintillation cameras or similar image forming apparatus. The spatial distortion correction method accurately and precisely determines distortion correction factors in an off-line test measurement and analysis phase prior to actual on-line diagnostic use. The distortion correction factors are initially determined from image event data that is obtained during the test measurement phase by orthogonal line pattern images. Data from a uniform field flood image is also utilized during the test measurement phase to refine and modify the distortion correction factors utilizing the gradient of a function of the field flood image data. Scintillation camera image repositioning apparatus is provided and includes a memory having the correction factors stored therein in a predetermined array.

Abstract: The circuit breaker contains a contact system and a blast device. The blast device produces a flow of quenching gas required for the quenching of the switch-off arc in the contact system. The blast device, which is assigned to the contact system, includes an annular piston and a movable cylinder. The piston is sealed via a first sealing ring against the cylinder and via a second sealing ring of different diameter against a movable cylindrical bridging element of the contact system.The circuit breaker also contains a one-way-action valve which is closed in the compression phase and opened in the intake phase. The valve is formed by the two sealing rings which are located in the same plane. They are arranged with axial play in annular grooves which are formed in the piston in flow paths for the quenching gas. Between the sealing rings is arranged at least one spacer element. The rings are supported in a way so that they are movable transversely to the main axis of the piston.

Abstract: A charged particle accelerator has an accelerator chamber in the interior of which a narrow beam of charged particles is accelerated. The particle beam is directed to a discharge window for discharging the particles therethrough. A device is provided for wobbling the beam of particles before the particles strike the discharge window, thereby enlarging the area where the particles strike the window. Preferably a magnetic wobbling device may be used. Such a device may have one or more magnetic coils which is/are arranged near the discharge window and which receive(s) a varying electric current. The accelerator may be a linear accelerator generating high energy electrons or X-rays for medical treatment.

Abstract: There is disclosed an optoelectronic coupling device for transmitting digital signals from an input to an output, which input and output are electrically isolated from each other. An input stage includes an input for receiving digital input signals from an incoming signal line and an output. The input stage is connected to an optoelectronic coupling circuit comprising luminescent diodes and phototransistors arranged adjacent to respective ones of the luminescent diodes. Either the collectors or the emitters of both phototransistors are commonly connected to a first voltage source. The other leads of the phototransistors form outputs of the optoelectronic coupling circuit. An output stage, connected to these outputs, includes an operational amplifier having an output, a non-inverting input and an inverting input. Each of the non-inverting and inverting inputs are connected to one of the outputs of the optoelectronic coupling circuit.

Abstract: There is disclosed a circuit arrangement for receiving unipolar DC signals from a transmission line of a telecommunication system. An opto-coupler circuit is coupled with a light-emitting element at the input side to two wires of the receiving branch of the transmission line. A current reflector circuit arranged at the input side of the opto-coupler circuit is composed of a pair of transistors with a common base connection coupled to one wire of the transmission line. One of these transistors is connected in series by its collector-emitter path with the light-emitting element. The second transistor is symmetrically arranged between both wires of the transmission line. A resistor is arranged in the emitter circuit of one transistor for controlling the current reflection ratio.

Abstract: A subscriber line access circuit for use in a telecommunications system is disclosed. The subscriber line access circuit includes a power supply bridge in the form of a first resistor inserted in the b-wire (ground potential side) of a subscriber line, a second resistor inserted in the a-wire (supply potential side) of the subscriber line, and a capacitor which bridges the two wires at the terminals of the two resistors on the sides thereof opposite to the respective potential sources. This supply bridge is coupled on the capacitor side with a two-to-four wire hybrid transformer for the two-wire/four-wire transition to the system and includes an evaluating circuit which delivers an indicating signal when the subscriber actuates a ground key. A cutoff circuit is arranged in the power supply bridge between the first and/or second resistor in that bridge and the respective one or ones of the transformer windings at the junction points at which the evaluating circuit is connected.