Abstract: A process to manufacture a carboxylic acid salt is disclosed wherein an aqueous solution of a primary alcohol is contacted with a base hydroxide in the presence of an effective amount of a catalyst consisting essentially of an alkali resistant support, from about 0.05 wt. % to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, of an anchor metal is selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, ruthenium, and gold, and between about 1 wt. % and about 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, of an element selected from the group consisting of copper, cobalt, nickel, and cadmium combined with the anchor metal.

Abstract: The composition of the invention comprises a glyphosate herbicide and a quaternary ammonium compound the latter having the formula ##STR1## wherein --EO-- means an ethylene oxide radical and --PO-- means a propylene oxide radical, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a group having the formula (EO).sub.m --H or a group having the formula EO--(PO).sub.m --H; n (in a compound in which R.sup.3 is an alkyl group) or n+m (in a compound in which R.sup.3 is a group having the formula EO--(PO).sub.m --H), has a value of from about 2 to about 20; and X.sup.- is a suitable anion.

Abstract: New and useful herbicidal compositions comprising glyphosate and/or agriculturally acceptable salts and an acetylenic diol surfactant structurally characterized by a symmetrically substituted triple bond and adjacent hydroxyl groups or adjacent polymeric oxyalkylated units, and optionally a second surfactant, are provided.

Abstract: Fluorinated alkene compounds useful for and methods of controlling nematodes, insects, and acarids that prey on agricultural crops. Polar compounds, for example, 3,4,4-trifluoro-3-butene-1-amine or 3,4,4-trifluoro-3-butenoic acid, are particularly useful for systemic control of pests. Novel method and intermediates for the preparation of 3,4,4-trifluoro-3-butene-1-amine are also provided.

Abstract: A herbicidal composition is provided which comprises: an aqueous solution of a herbicidally acceptable salt of N-phosphonomethylglycine; a quaternary ammonium compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein each A represents an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently an alkyl or alkanol group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a group having the formula (AO).sub.m --H; n (in a compound in which R.sup.3 is an alkyl group) or n+m (in a compound in which R.sup.3 is a group having the formula (AO).sub.m --H), has a value of from 2 to 15; and X.sup.

Abstract: Disclosed are storage-stable aqueous concentrate formulations of pesticides or plant growth modifying agents containing sufficient amounts of an alkoxylated alkylamine surfactant to insure a high degree of pesticidal or plant growth modifying efficacy, wherein irritancy to eyes resulting from the presence of said surfactant is reduced by the presence of an effective amount of a C.sub.6-22 saturated or unsaturated alkyl monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acid or mixture of such acids.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a pesticide composition comprising free flowing, essentially spherical, water-dispersible granules wherein said water-dispersible granules are from about 150 to about 850 microns in diameter; wherein said granules contain up to about 8.0% by weight moisture; wherein each individual water-dispersible granule is an aggregation of individual spherical microcapsules which contain at least one water-insoluble pesticide within a polymeric shell wall; and wherein said water-dispersible granule disintegrates upon contact with water to release said individual microcapsules.The invention also relates to dry flowable pesticidal formulations of the above water-dispersible granules, together with formulation adjuvants.The invention is further directed to a process for preparing a water-dispersible granule by spary drying an aqueous suspension comprising discrete microcapsules containing at least one water-insoluble pesticide within a polymeric shell wall suspended in an aqueous liquid.

Abstract: A spraying apparatus having a sprayer head and an interchangeable cartridge that can dilute and dispense a chemical is disclosed. A first fluid entering the sprayer head mixes with a second fluid that is drawn from the cartridge by aspiration to dilute the second fluid and the mixture is dispensed. The cartridge has an upper cap plate and a cap lid that rotate or slide with respect to each other, to allow easy installation and use, and safe storage of the cartridge for subsequent use. A rotatable valve can permit filling of the cartridge to a pre-selected degree of dilution.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel herbicidal pyridines characterized by having in the 3- or 5-position an aliphatic or aromatic 1-ketone.

Abstract: An improved process for the reaction of acetonitrile and hydrogen sulfide to produce thioacetamide, wherein a polymer-supported amine catalyst is used. Examples of the polymer-supported amine catalyst are polymeric dimethylaminopyridine resins, poly(4-vinylpyridine) cross-linked with divinylbenzene, and cross-linked polymer-supported 4-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino)pyridine.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel herbicidal pyridines characterized by having in the 3- or 5-position an aliphatic or aromatic 1-ketone.

Abstract: New and useful herbicidal compositions comprising glyphosate and/or agriculturally acceptable salts and an acetylenic diol surfactant structurally characterized by a symmetrically substituted triple bond and adjacent hydroxyl groups or adjacent polymeric oxyalkylated units, and optionally a second surfactant, are provided.

Abstract: Solid dosage forms of bioactive materials for parenteral administration such as porcine or bovine somatotropin pellets intended for subcutaneous implantation to improve food production of farm animals are coated with polyvinyl alcohol to extend the release characteristics of the material. The polyvinyl alcohol preferably has a molecular weight of from about 20,000 to 100,000, a degree of hydrolysis of at least about 98%, and is applied from an aqueous solution by spray coating to form a continuous uniform covering of from about 3 to 25 ug PVA/mm.sup.2 surface area of pellet.

Abstract: The growth of milk-producing mammary parenchyma in a mammal can be significantly enhanced by administering to the mammal by intramammary infusion a substance having a mitogenic effect on mammary epithelial cells in said mammal. Good growth enhancement can be achieved using very small quantities of such substances, and in relatively short periods of time.

Abstract: A method for purifying and recovering biologically active somatotropin monomers from refold solution following the solubilization and naturation of refractile bodies of host cells produced by recombinant DNA methodology. The purification process is based on the discovery that somatotropin monomers and somatotropin oligomers having overlapping isoelectric points may nevertheless be separated by selective precipitation over a narrow pH range. Host cell residues including proteins, pyrogens and other impurities present in the refold solution are effectively removed in the process. The purified somatotropin monomers recovered from solution after removing precipitated solids are suitable for parenteral application to target animals without further purification.

Abstract: Solid dosage forms of bioactive materials for parenteral administration such as porcine or bovine somatotropin pellets intended for subcutaneous implantation to improve food production of farm animals are coated with polyvinyl alcohol to extend the release characteristics of the material. The polyvinyl alcohol preferably has a molecular weight of from about 20,000 to 100,000, a degree of hydrolysis of at least about 98%, and is applied from an aqueous solution by spray coating to form a continuous uniform covering having a weight of from about 3 to 25 ug/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: Copolymers of an acrylic compound and a polymerizable quaternary ammonium compound are useful as flotation-aids for removing oils and/or solid materials from aqueous systems. The polymerizable quaternary ammonium compounds are 1-alkoxy-2-hydroxy propyl quaternaries of N-(N'N'-dialkylaminoalkyl)acrylamides.

Abstract: A process for producing high-internal-phase-ratio emulsions (HIPREs) on a continuous basis and an apparatus particularly suited for such process having structurizing elements, or mixing blades, adapted to provide complete mixing of the phases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are 2- or 6-fluoromethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylate derivatives with 5-[(heterocyclic)ylidene]amino substitution useful as herbicides and herbicide intermediates.

Abstract: Reduction of asphaltene precipitation in asphaltenic subterranean reservoirs treated with aqueous solutions of strong acid is achieved by utilizing novel dithiocarbamate compositions to sequester iron.