Abstract: An apparatus is provided for determining the location of a digging implement at a work site. The apparatus includes an undercarriage, a car body rotatably connected to the undercarriage, a receiver connected to the car body, a positioning system for determining the location of the receiver in three dimensional space, the positioning system determining the location of the receiver at a plurality of points along an arc, and a processor for determining the location and orientation of the car body in response to the location of the plurality of points.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the location of a work implement at a work site is provided. The apparatus includes an undercarriage, a car body rotatably connected to the undercarriage, a boom connected to the car body, a stick connected to the boom, a work implement connected to the stick, and a positioning system including a receiver connected to the stick and a processor for determining the location of the receiver in three dimensional space at a plurality of points as the car body is rotated and for determining the location and orientation of the work implement.

Abstract: Large work machines typically include an automatic lubrication system for lubricating critical areas during operation. In such systems it is advantageous to provide an efficient and flexible controller having substantial diagnostic capabilities. The subject inventions provides a sensor for determining the level of an operational parameter, a device for calculating a time interval being dependent on a previous lubrication event and the operational parameter, a device for producing a lubrication signal in response to the time interval reaching a predetermined interval constant, and a lubrication control for activating a lubrication system.

Abstract: Vehicles having front and rear steerable wheels (14,16) and a plurality of steering modes are commonly used in many applications. A vehicle (10) includes a steering input device (24) having a plurality of positions corresponding to the desired rate of turn of the vehicle (10) and a steering control (23) for changing the steering mode in which the vehicle (10) is operating. The steering control accomplishes (23) the steering mode transition while causing the rate of turn of the vehicle (10) to be substantially equal to the desired rate of turn throughout the transition.

Abstract: Instruments are often designed to operate in connection with a variety of machine types. Advantageously, such gauges are sufficiently flexible to indicate the levels of parameters in either a high warning or a low warning format. In the subject invention, a gauge includes a plurality of indicating segments being selectively illuminable for indicating the levels of the sensed parameter in the normal operating range, a high warning segment being selectively illuminable for indicating the level of the sensed parameter being above the normal operating range, and a low warning segment being selectively illuminable for indicating the level of the sensed parameter being below the normal operating range. An identification code is produced and received by an instrument which responsively enables one of the high and low warning segments.

Abstract: Systems for diagnosing fault conditions in a plurality of inputs are useful in many applications. Advantageously, such systems allow troubleshooting by a single technician. The subject invention includes a plurality of sensors for producing sensor signals, each of the sensor signals indicating one of plurality of states of a parameter. A device is included to indicate that one or more of the sensor signals has changed states.

Abstract: Systems for diagnosing fault conditions in a plurality of inputs are useful in many applications. Advantageously, such systems allow a technician to quickly and clearly identify the fault condition. The subject invention includes a plurality of sensors to produce a plurality of sensor signals. Each of the sensor signals is in one of a normal state or a fault condition and has an associated pin number. A plurality of indicator lights are also each associated with one of the sensor signals. A display individually indicates each pin number associated with a sensor signal in the fault condition. Each of the indicator lights associated with one of the sensor signals in the fault condition is flashed. The indicator light associated with the sensor signal for which the associated pin number is indicated by the display is steadily illuminated.

Abstract: Gauges for indicating the level of sensed parameters are often provided in connection with a variety of machines. Advantageously, such gauges are sufficiently flexible to indicate the level of a parameter having a warning level that is dependent upon the level of a second sensed parameter. In the subject invention, a gauge indicates the level of a primary sensed parameter having a normal operating range. A sensor produces a signal indicative of the level of a secondary sensed parameter and the levels of the primary sensed parameter associated with the normal operating range are modified in response to the level of the secondary sensed parameter.

Abstract: Instruments, for example diagnostic and monitoring systems, are often used in connection with electronic controls having a limited number of inputs. Advantageously, data from a plurality of sensors is received by the instrument and transferred to the electronic control via a communication link. In accordance with the invention, a plurality of sensors produce signals in response to sensed parameters. The instrument, having one or more displays, receives the sensor signals and responsively produces an instrument signal. A control receives the instrument signal and responsively produces a control signal. The displays indicate parameter values in response to the control signal.

Abstract: Instruments, for example monitoring and diagnostic systems, are often designed to operate in connection with a variety of machine types. Advantageously, the instrument may receive data for each parameter from either the sensor directly or from another controller depending on the machine to which it is connected. The subject invention provides a method and apparatus for selectively receiving data from one of a plurality of sources. A plurality of sensors produce signals in response to sensed parameters and deliver a first group of one or more signals to an instrument via a wire harness. A control receives a second group of one or more of the sensor signals and responsively delivers the second group to the instrument via a communication link. A processor determines whether one of the plurality of sensor signals is being delivered via the wire harness or the communication link and responsively monitors one of the wire harness and communication link.

Abstract: Instruments are often designed to operate in connection with a variety of machine types. Advantageously, the instrument is capable of modifying the appearance and function of its displays in response to the machine to which the instrument is connected. The subject invention includes a device for producing an identification code and a plurality of gauges for indicating levels of the sensed parameters. Each of the gauges has an outline segment for illustrating a range of levels of the sensed parameter indicated by the gauge and a symbol for identifying the sensed parameter indicated by the gauge. A controller receives the identification code and selectively enables one or more of the plurality of gauges and illuminates the outline segment and symbol associated with each of the enabled gauges in response to the identification code.

Abstract: Gauges are often used to monitor operating conditions on machines. Advantageously, such gauges are capable of indicating the level of a parameter being either above or below a reference level. The subject invention provides a sensor for producing a sensor signal having a value representative of the level of a sensed parameter. A gauge displays the level of the sensed parameter and includes a high indicating segment and a low indicating segment. An instrument receives the sensor signal and progressively illuminates the high and low indicating segments in response to the sensor signal increasing or decreasing from a reference value, respectively.

Abstract: Vehicles having implements are typically used to perform repetitive functions in work cycles. An implement control system raises and lowers an implement relative to the vehicle and reduces the stresses applied to the vehicle from abruptly stopping the motion of the implement. A lever pilot signal is produced in response to the pivotal position of a control lever. An electrohydraulic pilot signal is also produced. The pilot signal having the greater pressure is directed to a main valve for controlling the position of the implement. The method and apparatus of the instant invention are applicable to a number of vehicles having a hydraulically operated implement.

Abstract: A method for producing steel alloy gears comprises the steps of providing a gear with a shape in which its tooth surfaces have excess material requiring subsequent removal; grinding the gear's tooth root and flank surfaces to a final finish shape; and subsequently performing a final heat treat to the ground gear to provide a hardened surface layer extending at least to a minimum depth required by the function of the gear. The grinding is advantageously accomplished by cubic boron nitride grinding. The final heat treat is controlled so that the hardened surface layer extends to a depth not substantially greater than the minimum depth required by the function of the gear. The final heat treat also relieves stresses caused by the preceding steps and also imposes beneficial stresses.

Abstract: In many applications, a loader performs a loading operation that includes, sequentially: digging and/or crowding a stock pile, racking back the bucket to maintain the load, travelling to a dump site or a transport vehicle while raising the bucket, and finally dumping the load from a raised position. For many devices, such as payload monitors and productivity indicators, it is important to have an indication of which function in the loading operation is being performed. A loading function identifier senses, stores, and averages the hydraulic pressure in a lift cylinder. The sensed and averaged data are compared to a series of predetermined constants to identify the function being performed. The algorithms used in this invention are applicable to a number of work vehicles having at least one work implement linkage and at least one hydraulic cylinder for modifying the linkage geometry.

Abstract: In many applications, it is important to measure and display payload weight for a loader vehicle. The subject apparatus and method senses only the hydraulic pressure of a lift cylinder. The payload weight is computed by curve fitting the sensed cylinder pressure to a second order time dependent polynomial and comparing the time dependent polynomial to one of a series of predetermined second order geometric polynomials. The weight computation algorithms used in the payload monitor are applicable to a number of work vehicles having at least one work implement linkage and at least one hydraulic cylinder for modifying the linkage geometry.

Abstract: A dynamic payload monitor measures and displays payload weight for a loader vehicle operated on a slope by sensing the hydraulic pressure and position of the lift arm cylinders. The payload weight is computed by curve fitting the sensed cylinder pressure and position data to a second order polynomial, and then performing interpolation or extrapolation with a pair of pressure versus position reference parabolas obtained during calibration. Payload weight is corrected for errors caused by operating the loader vehicle on a slope. The weight computation algorithms used in the dynamic payload monitor are applicable to a number of work vehicles having at least one work implement linkage and at least one hydraulic cylinder for modifying the linkage geometry.

Abstract: A dynamic payload monitor measures and displays payload weight for a loader vehicle during tip loading by sensing the hydraulic pressure of the lift and tilt cylinders and the geometry of an implement linkage. The payload weight is computed by curve fitting the sensed lift cylinder pressure and geometry data to a second order polynomial, and then performing interpolation or extrapolation with a pair of pressure versus position reference parabolas obtained during calibration. Tilt cylinder curves are derived by curve fitting tilt cylinder pressure and lift cylinder geometry data to a third order polynomial. The tilt cylinder curves are then compared to a plurality of tabulated tilt cylinder curves. Tip loading conditions are detected and the computed payload weight is modified in response to the magnitude of the tilt cylinder pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for dampening current in a coil has a switchable member which controls the current level in the coil and a flyback circuit that allows current in the coil to slowly dissipate when the switchable member changes from an "ON" to an "OFF" state. The flyback circuit has a high resistance when the switchable member changes from the "ON" to the "OFF" state so that the coil current is dampened as quickly as possible without creating a destructive voltage and low resistance when the switchable member is in the "ON" state to conserve energy. A signaling device creates a voltage signal as a function of current passing through the flyback circuit and a receiving device varies the resistance of the flyback circuit in response to the voltage signal. The apparatus is particularly suited for use in a motor control circuit.