Abstract: A process for separating pentafluoroethane and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, which comprises extraction distilling a mixed fluid comprising pentafluoroethane and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane in the presence of at least one extracting agent selected from the group consisting of esters and ketones each having a standard boiling point of from -10.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. Also disclosed is a process for separating pentafluoroethane, 1,1,1-trifluoroethane and chloropentafluoroethane, which comprises extraction distilling a mixed fluid comprising pentafluoroethane, 1,1,1-trifluoroethane and chloropentafluoroethane in the presence of at least one extracting agent selected from the group consisting of esters and ketones each having a standard boiling point of from -10.degree. C. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A lens grinding apparatus that can process the edge of a lens to have a satisfactory polished surface and fit snugly into the user's eyeglass frame.

Abstract: Disclosed is a golf ball including a metallic layer disposed between an inner core and an outer core. The distance between the center of the inner core and the inner surface of the metallic layer is not greater than 15 mm, and the weight of the metallic layer is 0.2 g to 4.0 g. The metallic layer is preferably formed from nickel and through plating. The moment of inertia of the golf ball is reduced without impairing physical properties of a core rubber. The golf ball exhibit an excellent spin motion while maintaining good resilience.

Abstract: A control unit for controlling a load is provided with a durable-time diagnosing device for generating integrated count data by integrating an operating time of the load, and for generating warning data for notification when the integrated count data has reached the durable time, and concurrently generating an interrupt command for prompting processing for stopping the driving of the load which approached a limit of its life. A notification is given to the effect that the load has approached a limit of its life when the integrated time has reached a durable time set in advance concerning the load. A method of predicting a failure of a load using the control units and a load controlling system using the control units are also disclosed.

Abstract: A verification code from a telephone terminal which requests a call forwarding service is registered into a switching system. When a call forwarding service establishing number is dialed from an arbitrary telephone terminal, the arbitrary telephone terminal is prompted to dial the registered verification code and a telephone number thereof. The switching system checks the dialed verification code against the registered verification code. If they coincide with each other, the switching system prompts the arbitrary telephone terminal to dial a call forwarding service establishing special number, the telephone number of the telephone terminal registered in the service and a forwarding destination telephone number, and then establishes a call forwarding service setup for the telephone terminal registered in the service.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silver halide photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing a silver halide photographic emulsion, wherein the silver halide photographic emulsion comprises spectrally sensitized tabular silver halide grains having an average aspect ratio of from 8 to 100, and having light absorption strength by a sensitizing dye per unit surface area of the grain surface of 100 or more.

Abstract: A connection terminal of a bulb socket plug has at one end thereof a bulb contact portion to which a bulb can be detachably connected, and also has at the other end thereof a connector contact portion to which a connector can be detachably connected. The bulb contact portion includes two side walls, and a central wall interconnecting the two side walls, and a contact portion for connection to a wedge portion of the bulb extends from at least one of the two opposed side walls. A stopper wall is bent relative to the side wall, and extends from a suitable portion of the side wall, and closes part of a space formed at a back side of the contact portion at a bulb insertion opening side. Tilt prevention inserts for preventing the tilting of the side walls are inserted respectively into spaces formed respectively at inner sides of the two side walls.

Abstract: A power converting apparatus is obtained in which an integrated circuit for driving a power switching element is operated under stable conditions. A core 100 functioning as a common mode transformer made of a material such as ferrite is connected to a wiring line connected between a switch 7, a switch 8, and an IC 13 for opening/closing these switches 7 and 8 in a complementary manner, so that an impedance of a current path to the switch 7 and the IC 13 is increased.

Abstract: There is provided an ink tank system for supplying ink to a print head of an ink jet printer from a replaceable ink tank by pressurizing inside of the ink tank with pressurized air. By disposing an air filter in an air supply channel of the ink tank, dust is prevented from entering the ink tank together with air, and the ink is prevented from adhering to the air filter, thereby keeping smooth ink force-feeding. At the time the ink tank is mounted, a seal releasing pin protruded on the side of a printer unit opens an auxiliary seal for sealing between the air filter in the air supply channel and an air chamber of the ink tank. After the ink tank is mounted, the pressurized air is passed through the air filter and fed into the ink tank. A replaceable ink tank used in the system is also provided.

Abstract: A nonaqueous secondary battery is disclosed, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a lithium salt, wherein the battery contains a hydrazine derivative represented by formula (I):R.sub.1 R.sub.2 N--NR.sub.3 R.sub.4 (I)wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 each represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an acyl group, an oxycarbonyl group or a sulfonyl group; and R.sub.4 represents an acyl group, an oxycarbonyl group or a sulfonyl group.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented film which is made substantially of (1) a polyethylene naphthalate copolymer comprising an ethylene naphthalate unit in an amount of 92 to 99.5 mol % based on all recurring units and at least one copolymer component selected from the group consisting of (a) a glycol having a fluorene skeleton in the molecule, (b) p-hydroxymethylbenzoic acid, (c) p-hydroxyethoxybenzoic acid and (d) p-hydroxyethoxyethoxybenzoic acid in an amount of 0.5 to 8 mol % based on the total of all dicarboxylic acid components, and which has (2) Young's moduli in both longitudinal and transverse directions of 500 kg/mm.sup.2 or more and (3) a delamination resistance of 10% or less in terms of fold line whitening ratio. Since this biaxially oriented film of the present invention is excellent in delamination resistance, curling resistance, mechanical strength, color and transparency, it is of great value as a base film for a photo film.

Abstract: An optically controlled optical switch operating at a high speed and at a high efficiency can be realized with a simple construction. An optical signal exiting from a nonlinear optical waveguide is passed through an optical frequency filter and then guided into an optical output signal port. The optical frequency filter is a band-pass filter for passing only optical signal pulses having a center frequency of .omega.1. Where the center frequency .omega.0 of controlling light is set within the absorption region of the nonlinear optical waveguide, optical controlling pulses are absorbed, and carriers are excited. This results in a change in the refractive index. Consequently, the center frequency .omega.1 of only the optical signal pulses entered simultaneously with the optical controlling pulses is shifted to .omega.2. The optical frequency filter blocks optical signal pulses whose center frequency has been shifted to .omega.2. Thus, a gate-type optical switching action is accomplished.

Abstract: In forming a storage node with sidewalls on interlayer dielectric layer of a semiconductor device, the interlayer dielectric layer having an uppermost silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film is formed as a protective film on the storage node of poly-silicon formed on the interlayer dielectric layer, and thereafter a poly-silicon layer is deposited and then subjected to an anisotropic etching to partially remove the polysilicon layer to remain, as the side walls, portions of the poly-silicon layer on side surfaces of the storage node, with protecting the storage node by the protective film from the etching and without etching the uppermost silicon oxide film. Alternatively, the uppermost silicon oxide film is subjected to a nitrogen plasma treatment before forming the storage node, and a silicon oxide film can be used as the protective film. The storage node with the side walls can be used as a lower electrode of a stack type capacitor in the semiconductor device after removing the protective film.

Abstract: A powder comprising a metal or metallic compound core having thereon at least one metal or metallic oxide layer having a uniform thickness of from 0.01 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m, wherein the metal of the metal or metallic oxide layer is different from the metal constituting the metal or metallic compound core and a process for preparing the same.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, wherein at least 80% of the entire projected area of the silver halide grains contained in said silver halide emulsion layer are occupied by tabular silver halide grains having an aspect ratio of 2 or more and main planes of {111} faces, said silver halide grains comprise at least 80 mol % of silver chloride, and said tabular silver halide grains are spectrally sensitized with the dye represented by formula (S); ##STR1## wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 each represents a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; and V.sub.1 and V.sub.2 each represents a monovalent substituent, provided that V.sub.1 and V.sub.2 each does not represent an aromatic group and adjacent two or more groups represented by V.sub.1 or V.sub.2 are not bonded to each other to form a condensed ring; I.sub.1 and I.sub.2 each represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; L.sub.1, L.sub.2 and L.

Abstract: A laser-diode-pumped solid state laser in which a solid state laser crystal is pumped by a light beam produced by a laser diode and which is not lower than 10 W in the internal power of the resonator includes a temperature control circuit which keeps the inside temperature of a resonator at a predetermined temperature and, a wavelength selector which is disposed in the resonator and selects one of a plurality of oscillation modes in the resonator, thereby making the laser oscillate in a single mode. The wavelength selector has characteristics such that the increase in temperature of the wavelength selector due to absorption of a laser beam is smaller than a value such that when the temperature of the wavelength selector changes by the value or more, the oscillation mode selected by the wavelength selector changes.

Abstract: A field effect transistor available for 1 giga-bit dynamic random access memory device has a two-layer gate structure consisting of a lower layer of nitrogen-containing silicon and an upper layer of refractory metal, and the nitrogen-containing silicon effectively prevents the gate oxide layer from alkaline metals diffused from the refractory metal.

Abstract: An inkjet printhead for a franking machine for printing a postage imprint on an item to be franked, which item is displaced relative to the head in a movement direction, said printhead including: a plurality of nozzles disposed in two rows extending transversely to the direction of movement and mounted in respective modules which are mutually offset transversely and lengthwise relative to the direction of movement and which are spaced apart from each other by a distance D in said direction; a first mechanism for moving one module in a direction transverse to the movement direction; and a second mechanism for moving the other module through an angle relative to the direction transverse to the movement direction, which angle is determined so that during printing one end nozzle of one row coincides with one end nozzle of the other row.