Abstract: A focus lens protecting and in-focus detecting device has light receiving circuit and a comparator for comparing the output of said light receiving elements with a reference potential. A switch network is controlled by the output of the comparator to supply signals to a focus control amplifier from the light receiving circuit.

Abstract: A magnetic head assembly for recording and playing back information on a recording medium in a vertically magnetized mode. Main and auxiliary heads are provided opposite one another with the recording medium passing therebetween. The main head includes a core of material exhibiting a magnetoresistance effect to which core are attached leads which carry the output play back signal. The auxiliary head has a magnetic core around which is wrapped a winding carrying the recording current. The recorded information patterns have their primary magnetic field components perpendicular to the surface of the recording medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a current cut-out circuit for a high-voltage electric installation, a current source being located on an input side and an earth fault possibly occurring on its output side. The circuit is characterized in that between the input and the output, it includes for each phase, in series, a cut-out device (1) with a high arcing voltage, said device opening very rapidly, and a circuit-breaker (2) which opens rapidly and, shunt-connected between the input of the cut-out device with a high arcing voltage and earth, a resistance (4) for limiting an earthing current which passes via an automatic cut-out (3) with a very short closing time and a short opening time.

Abstract: A continuous speech recognition system utilizes a format memory (14) which specifies a sequence of word sets and a plurality of words, or reference patterns, which may be included in each word set. The input pattern sequence is divided into all possible partial patterns having start points p and end points q, and each of these partial patterns is compared with all reference patterns to derive elementary similarity measures. The elementary similarity measures for each combination of a partial pattern and a permitted word in a word set under the specified format are then examined to determine the optimum input pattern segmentation points and corresponding sequence of reference patterns which will yield a maximum similarity result. The maximum similarity is represented by ##EQU1## where S(p(x-1), p(x),n(x)) indicates the degree of similarity between an input partial pattern having a start point p(x-1) and an n point p(x) and a reference word unit n(x) within a word set f.sub.

Abstract: A programmable frequency source is used to synthesize a wide range of frequencies in small increments. A master oscillator and a single programmable divider are used. Each selected frequency possesses a phase jitter, predictable and a function of the master oscillator-to-output frequency relationship. The output of the frequency source is a square wave whose transitions are edge synchronous with the master oscillator.

Abstract: A light beam scanner having an optical deflector which can repeatedly scan one surface to be scanned in a predetermined direction with a light beam and can start each scan at a desired time instant. A drive mechanism moves the surface to be scanned, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of scanning lines formed on said surface. A signal is outputted whenever the surface to be scanned is moved a predetermined distance and a mechanism is employed for operating the optical deflector in synchronization with the output signal.

Abstract: A tone control device for an audio equipment comprises a first mixer amplifier, at least one second mixer, a third mixer and at least one band rejection filter, which are operatively engaged with each other such that a center frequency, Q value and gain thereof can be independently controlled.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion containing silver halide grains formed in the presence of a silver halide solvent of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each a subtituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group (e.g., allyl group), a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 when taken together may form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; provided at least one of R.sub. to R.sub.4 is a 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, an alkyl group or aryl group substituted with an amino group, an alkyl grop substituted with a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 combine to form a 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring containing at least two nitrogen atoms.

Abstract: The pressure regulator keeping a constant difference between the fuel pressure supplied to the injectors and the fuel pressure in the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, comprises a pressure sensitive diaphragm associated with closure means of the inlet opening of a fuel returning pipe to the vehicle tank. Spherical joint means are disposed between said closure means and said inlet opening in order to maintain a parallel relationship between them.

Abstract: A method for the automatic reading of the radiation dose of a portable dosimeter with an ionization chamber provided with a capacitor C.sub.1, and a device for carrying out said method, said device comprising means for measuring the value of the ionization chamber charge at each reading operation and means for storing the value of the charge of said ionization chamber, as well as means for calculating the radiation dose D at any moment from one of the stored values and from the value of the charge of said chamber at said moment.

Abstract: A digital multi-level multi-phase modulation system utilizes quaternary differential encoding and decoding of only the first two of N digital signal trains. A decision circuit is used to examine the frame pulses in one of the first two signal trains and in at least one of the remaining signal trains and generates output signals which can be used in a gate circuit to resolve the phase-lock ambiguity of the recovered carrier and thereby reproduce the original N signal trains.

Abstract: An adjustable electromagnetic tripping mechanism for a circuit-breaker, includes in each pole, a fixed magnetic circuit excited by the current passing through the said pole. A movable magnetic member is held by the force of a return spring against a stop at a predetermined distance from the fixed magnetic circuit. A movable adjusting element bears the stop and includes a point of support or of attachment of the said return spring, which enables the limiting operating current of the circuit-breaker to be varied. The movement of the said movable adjusting element modifies at the same time and in the same sense of variation, firstly the distance predetermined by the stop between the movable magnetic member and the fixed magnetic circuit, and secondly the force exerted by the return spring upon the movable magnetic member. The invention is characterized in that the movable adjusting element consists of a small plate of generally plane form guided in translation in slides.

Abstract: A digital sinewave generator can be used in digital equipment, e.g. instead of a local oscillator for modulation/demodulation of signals. If there is no simple relationship between sampling rate and the frequency of the sinewave, successive sample values must be calculated since storage of these values would be prohibitive. For a sinewave Re.sup.jk.phi. sampled at successive instants k=0, 1, 2, . . . etc. separated by a phase angle .phi., quadrature components A.sub.k +jB.sub.k =Re.sup.jk.phi. can be calculated using the algorithm:A.sub.k+1 =cos.phi.A.sub.k -sin.phi.B.sub.kB.sub.k+1 =sin.phi.A.sub.k +cos.phi.B.sub.k.Unfortunately it is impossible for cos.sup.2 .phi.+sin.sup.2 .phi. to be exactly equal to unity if calculations are performed with finite precision using an even number base, which as the effect of causing the modulus of a sinewave generated by this algorithm to tend exponentially to 0 to .infin.. The present invention overcomes this by using the above algorithm to obtain approximations A.sub.

Abstract: In order to determine whether the screwing home of a threaded element, such as a screw, by a power tool has been acceptably executed, the number of revolutions undergone by the threaded element during the screwing operation is measured as a function of time. The revolution-time function derived for the screwing operation is compared with a reference function corresponding to an acceptable screwing operation. The comparison shows up unacceptable screwing operations and can be performed both visually and by a microcomputer. Apparatus for effecting such monitoring of screwing operations includes sensing means for measuring rotation of the output shaft of the power tool and circuit means for processing the output of the sensing means and effecting the comparison with the reference function.

Abstract: An improved muting signal generation circuit of an FM receiver of the type in which the deviation of an FM detection signal relative to a predetermined level is detected. When the deviation of the FM detected signal is above or below a predetermined value, a muting signal is generated. A band elimination filter is provided for eliminating the frequency components of an information signal contained in the FM detection signal. A detuning detection circuit detects detuning in response to the output of the band elimination filter. A muting signal generation circuit generates a muting signal in response to the detection output of the detuning detection circuit.

Abstract: In a motor control circuit, a rotational speed detection signal containing a ripple component superimposed on a d.c. component is applied to both a low pass filter/phase lagging circuit and to a phase leading circuit, the output signals of which have a phase difference of approximately 180 degrees, to effectively cancel the ripple component and thereby extract only the d.c. component. The latter is balanced against an r.p.m. reference voltage in a comparison circuit whose output is fed back to a drive winding control circuit of the motor.

Abstract: A novel antibiotic designated BN-183B substance is disclosed which is produced by cultivating a strain of the genus Pseudomonas. The antibiotic has a strong action against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Abstract: A rotational direction detection device is disclosed which has a single permanent magnet rotatable in response to the rotation of a rotary shaft. A magnetic field sensor is composed of a plurality of magnetic field detecting elements responsive to a rotating magnetic field produced by the rotation of the permanent magnet for generating an output representative of the rotation of the rotary shaft. The magnetic field detecting elements are arranged so that signals developed by at least two such elements differ in phase by a phase angle of other than 0 degree and 180 degrees. A rotary condition detector is responsive to the output of the magnetic field sensor for determining the rotational direction of the rotary shaft.