Abstract: I disclose a single stage, multilayered catalyst system capable of hydrodehazing and hydrofinishing a solvent dewaxed lube oil base stock. In the first layer, I catalytically dewax the solvent dewaxed stock. In the second layer, I hydrofinish the catalytically dewaxed stock. My invention also relates to a process for hydrodewaxing and hydrofinishing a solvent dewaxed lube oil base stock.

Abstract: An improved process for catalytically dewaxing a hydrocarbon oil feedstock by contact of the feedstock with a catalyst is disclosed where the catalyst comprises an intermediate pore size silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve and at least one Group VIII metal.

Abstract: Using a catalyst comprising a silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve such as SAPO-11 and SAPO-41, and platinum or palladium, a hydrogenation component, heavy oils are simultaneously subjected to hydrocracking and isomerization reactions. The process selectively produces middle distillates in high yields having good low temperature fluid characteristics, especially reduced pour point and viscosity.

Abstract: Dibasic carboxylic acids or salts thereof are used to remove metals, particularly calcium and iron, from hydrocarbonaceous feedstocks. An aqueous solution of the acid is used to extract the metals from the feedstock prior to processing. Oxalic acid is the preferred compound.

Abstract: A process for functionalizing methane comprising:(a) reacting methane with a hydridoalkyl metal complex of the formula:CpIr[P(R.sub.1).sub.3 ]H(R.sub.2)wherein Cp represents a cyclopentadienyl or alkylcyclopentadienyl radical having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms;Ir represents an iridium atom;P represents a phosphorus atom;R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group;R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group having at least two carbon atoms; andH represents a hydrogen atom, in the presence of a liquid alkane R.sub.3 H having at least three carbon atoms to form a hydridomethyl complex of the formula:CpIr[P(R.sub.1).sub.3 ]HMewhere Me represents a methyl radical.(b) reacting said hydridomethyl complex with an organic halogenating agent such as a tetrahalomethane or a haloform of the formulas:CX'X"X'"X"" or CHX'X"X'";wherein X', X", X"', and X"" represent halogens selected from bromine, iodine and chlorine, to halomethyl complex of step (a) having the formula:CpIr[P(R.sub.1).sub.

Abstract: We provide a graded catalyst system which is used for removing calcium and sodium from hydrocarbon feed having at least 1 ppm calcium and 1 ppm sodium. It comprises two catalyst zones characterized as having decreasing porosity, increasing activity, and increasing surface to volume ratio in the direction of feed flow through the system. We also disclose a process for using it and a method for selecting catalyst for use therein.

Abstract: Reforming to produce aromatics from aliphatics, using a bound zeolite catalyst containing a Group VIII metal such as platinum, has been found to be extremely sensitive to water, even at water concentrations as low as 3 ppm in the feed, unless certain catalysts having a low water sensitivity index are used. The water sensitivity index (WSI) is described and methods for making catalysts with a low WSI are described. The sulfur content of the feed to the reforming/aromatics production process is preferably below 50 parts per billion. The catalyst used in the reforming process is preferably a high crush strength catalyst and is preferably prepared by steps including treating L zeolite with a binding enhancement agent prior to binding with a binder such as silica, silica/alumina or alumina.

Abstract: We disclose a single stage, multilayered catalyst system capable of hydrodewaxing and hydrofinishing a solvent-dewaxed lube oil base stock. In the first layer we catalytically dewax the solvent-dewaxed stock. In the second layer we hydrofinish the catalytically dewaxed stock. Our invention also relates to a process for hydrodewaxing and hydrofinishing a solvent-dewaxed lube oil base stock.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for selectively precipitating molybdenum in a form that is substantially free from vanadium impurities. The molybdenum is precipitated in the form of ammonium octamolybdate which has a molybdenum to vanadium ratio of about 400:1 in an initial crystallization and a ratio of about 1300:1 in a subsequent recrystallization.

Abstract: We provide reverse-graded catalyst systems which are capable of removing metals and sulfur from a hydrocarbon feedstock. They comprise two or more catalyst layers in which at least two successive catalyst layers characterized as having decreasing desulfurization activity, and increasing average macropore diameter in the direction of hydrocarbon flow. We also disclose a process for using them.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for in situ biodegradation of spilled hydrocarbons. The process involves drawing oxygen into a hydrocarbon contaminated zone. A borehole is drilled into the contaminated zone and gas is evacuated at high rates out of the borehole to thereby draw oxygen into the contaminated zone. Surprisingly, the carbon dioxide concentration in the evacuated gas remains high even at the high flow rates.

Abstract: A multi-stage catalytic reforming process using a catalyst having a high rhenium to platinum ratio in the first stage or stages and a catalyst having a still higher rhenium to platinum ratio for the last stage. The process comprises:(a) contacting a naphtha feed with a first stage catalyst comprising rhenium and platinum, and having a rhenium to platinum weight ratio of at least 1.7, under catalytic reforming conditions in one or more first reforming stages of a reforming unit to obtain intermediate reformate; and(b) contacting the intermediate reformate, under catalytic reforming conditions in a last stage of the reforming unit, with a last stage catalyst comprising rhenium and 0.2 to 2.0 weight percent platinum, and having sufficient rhenium so that the last stage catalyst has at least 0.5 weight percent rhenium beyond that necessary to attain a 1.7 rhenium to platinum weight ratio.

Abstract: Halothiopyruvic amides, which have viricidal and/or fungicidal activity of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is chloro, fluoro, bromo or iodo; andR is cyclohexyl substituted with 0, 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups, or phenyl substituted with 0, 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups.

Abstract: A process for purifying predominantly straight chain olefins having from 5 to 50 carbon atoms which comprises contacting the olefins with a liquid solution of boron trifluoride in an alcohol or mixture of alcohols.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl or alkoxy; R.sup.2 is alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms or substituted alkenyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with 1 or 2 hydroxy groups or 1 or 2 alkoxy groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or 1 or 2 alkenyloxy groups of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; acyl, and ketal group of the formula ##STR2## wherein n=2, 3 or 4, R.sup.4 is alkyl and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or alkyl, an oxime of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.6 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl; X is halo have herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Preparation of high molecular weight, branched-chain olefins by the co-dimerization of C.sub.9 -C.sub.21 branched-chain internal olefins by a process comprising (a) contacting a propylene oligomer feedstock having from 9 to 21 carbon atoms in a reaction zone with a catalyst selected from the group consisting of hydrogen fluoride, boron trifluoride-alkanol and aluminum chloride; (b) maintaining the temperature in the reaction zone between about 0.degree. C. and 75.degree. C.; and (c) maintaining the pressure in the reaction zone between about 0 psig and 100 psig.

Abstract: Preparation of C.sub.20 -C.sub.40 branched-chain olefins by the co-oligomerization of C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 branched-chain internal olefins with C.sub.5 'C.sub.6 olefins by a process comprising (a) contacting a propylene oligomer feedstock having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms with a C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 olefin feedstock in a reaction zone in the presence of a boron trifluoride-alkanol catalyst; (b) maintaining the temperature in the reaction zone between about 0.degree. C. and 80.degree. C.; and (c) maintaining the pressure in the reaction zone between about 0 psig and 200 psig.

Abstract: Preparation of propylene oligomers having from 21 to 48 carbon atoms per molecule by a process which comprises (a) contacting propylene in a reaction zone with a hydrogen fluoride catalyst; (b) maintaining the temperature in the reaction zone between about 20.degree. C. and -30.degree. C.; and (c) maintaining the pressure in the reaction zone between about 0 psig and 400 psig.

Abstract: Substituted 2-[1-(oxyamino)alkylidene]-cyclohexane-1,3-diones have herbicidal activity against grassy weeds.

Abstract: 3-(N-acyl-N-arylamino) and 3-(N-thionoacyl-N-arylamino)-gamma-butyrolactones and thiobutyrolactones have fungicidal activity.