Abstract: The underside of the tab portion of an asphalt shingle is provided with a layer of foamed asphalt. The foamed asphalt layer may be continuous or discontinuous.

Abstract: A refractory metal substrate suitable for use in contact with an oxygen- or nitrogen-containing environment at a temperature greater than the oxidation or mitridation acceleration temperature of the substrate is disclosed. The refractory metal substrate comprises a refractory metal comprised of molybdenum and having a coating comprised of chromium metal. In an alternative embodiment the refractory metal can be an alloy comprised of in weight percent: from about 10 to about 20 chromium, from about 0 to about 5 alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), from about 0 to about 1 yttria (Y.sub.2 O.sub.3), from about 0 to about 0.5 titanium, from about 0 to about 0.1 zirconium, the balance being essentially molybdenum to make 100% of the composition; and, optionally having a coating of chromium metal.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing mineral fibers comprises forming mineral fibers from molten mineral material, continuously discharging an auxiliary stream of molten mineral material, continuously measuring the temperature and the mass flow rate of the auxiliary stream, calculating the viscosity of the material using the measured mass flow rate and modifying a process parameter in response to the measured temperature and calculated viscosity of the auxiliary stream.

Abstract: Apparatus for delivering fibrous insulation batts comprises an upstream batt receiving section and a downstream batt delivering station, the upstream batt receiving station being adapted for two modes of operation, the first mode being for folding batts and delivering folded batts to the downstream batt delivering station and the second mode for delivering unfolded batts to the downstream batt delivering station, the upstream batt receiving station comprising a conveyor belt for transporting batts through the upstream batt receiving station, a plurality of rolls for guiding the conveyor belt along a first path in the first mode of operation, means for moving at least one of the rolls to guide the conveyor belt along a second path for the second mode of operation, a support member spaced apart from the conveyor, thereby defining a gap between the conveyor belt in the first mode of operation and the support member, the support member being adapted to support a portion of the batt as it is transported off the do

Abstract: The method of making the panel includes the steps of flooding one of the panes with the spherical members and a liquid. The liquid is evaporated. Positioning another pane on top of the spherical supporting elements and followed by drawing a vacuum on the space between the dual pane window structure and joining the edges of the panes.

Abstract: An asphalt composition comprises a bituminous material blended with a reaction product of ethylene diamine and a blend of a dibasic acid and one or more fatty acid residues.

Abstract: A plant growing medium has a fabricated fibrous product having a density below 4.5 pcf, and preferably below 3.0 pcf, as a root supporting structure. The product comprises a pack of fibers, the fibers having a three-dimensional orientation and at least some of the fibers being glass fibers, and binder binding the fibers to each other at substantially every place of fiber-to-fiber contact.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preheating particulate glass batch comprises a rotatable drum for mixing batch with heat transfer media in a heat transfer relationship, means for directing the heated batch from the container to a glass melting furnace, means for venting gases and gas-borne particulate matter from the drum, means for separating a selected portion of the particulate matter from the vented gases, and means for directing the separated particulate matter into the glass melting furnace.

Abstract: An insulation product comprises the first and second film of reflective material and one or more layers of insulating material positioned between the outer films, the films having an emissivity less than about 0.2 and the insulating material having a density within the range of from about 0.01 to about 0.3 pcf.

Abstract: An improved insulating material comprising a fibrous web of bulking fibers intimately mixed with infrared opacified fibers. The web has a density of between about 0.2 to about 2.00 pounds per cubic foot and a thermal conductivity of less than 0.55 (BTU - in/hr - ft sq - deg F).

Abstract: An adhesive is provided for adhering roofing shingles wherein the adhesive is a blend of asphalt, an elastomer, a tackifying resin and a petroleum oil.

Abstract: Thermal insulating articles are disclosed of the type which comprises a laminate of thermal insulation and a flexible jacket material with the jacket and thermal insulation being directly adhesively adhered to each other by means of a hot-melt adhesive. The hot-melt adhesive employed consists essentially of an asphalt, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and a wax. Also provided is a hot-melt adhesive which consists essentially of an asphalt, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and a compatible wax, which is especially useful in adhering paper used as package wrap.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing mineral fibers comprises controlling the bushing temperature to maintain molten glass throughput from a bushing at a constant, calculating the viscosity of the molten glass from the bushing temperature and the temperature of a glass delivery means, and modifying a process parameter in response to the calculated viscosity.

Abstract: A coating for a wallboard comprises of silica sand, cement and a particulate, non-fibrous filler, where the ratio of the average sand diameter to the average filler diameter is within the range of from about 40:1 to about 20:1.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heating fibrous mineral insulation material comprises an oven divided into zones, a conveyor for carrying the insulation material through the oven, means for directing hot gases into contact with the insulation material in the first oven zone, first heating means for heating the hot gases, and second heating means, distinct from the first heating means and positioned upstream from the first oven zone for heating the conveyor.

Abstract: The apparatus of each embodiment includes a suction housing having a perforated duct therein. Fibrous material supplied to the inlet of the duct is compacted by air being evacuated through the perforated sidewall of the duct. The continuous compacting of fibrous material aids in moving the already compacted material out the outlet of the duct.

Abstract: A vertical standpipe which has an internal fitting. The standpipe conveys a molten glass stream from a molten bath in a furnace forehearth to a spinner below the forehearth. The internal fitting has an orifice positioned so as to maintain a spaced-apart relationship between the interior surface of the standpipe and the molten glass stream issuing from the orifice. The mass flow rate of the molten glass stream is throttled by variable cooling means in the vicinity of the orifice.

Abstract: An asphalt-based composition comprising an air-blown blend of hard asphalt flux and the residue obtained by vacuum distilling the product obtained by the hydrogenation of asphalt flux, the composition meeting coating grade asphalt specifications.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making glass fibers comprises a burner creating an annular jet of high-temperature, high-velocity gases and an orificed spinner mounted for rotation within the jet where the circumferential rows of orifices on the spinner peripheral wall are grouped in bands, with the bands being spaced apart by blank areas on a spinner peripheral wall, and the orifices increasing in size from the bottom band to the top band.

Abstract: The composite stud is mainly a corrosion-resistant alloy, but is provided with a steel tip for flawless welding to a steel plate for use in a marine environment. The steel tip is friction-welded to the corrosion-resistant alloy before machining of the stud.