Abstract: A low pollution internal combustion engine is disclosed in which a predetermined portion of a stratified charge is initially pre-formed in the part of the manifold which supplies the predetermined charge portion to the cylinder, said predetermined charge portion being composed of fuel-air mixture diluted by exhaust gas and pre-formed when the intake valve for the cylinder is in the closed condition, and subsequently being introduced together with the remaining portion of the stratified charge, when the intake valve is opened during the intake stroke of the engine.

Abstract: Blue cheese flavored products are produced by forming a mixture of whey, food fat, salt and water, homogenizing and pasteurizing the mixture, adding lipase and Penicillium roqueforti spores to the mixture and fermenting. Alternatively, a mixture of food fat, salt and water is pasteurized and fermented with lipase and Penicillium roqueforti spores, and the resultant fermented mixture is mixed with a retentate produced by ultrafiltration of a milk product. The blue cheese flavored products have an extremely high quotient of flavor which can be blended with other foods to impart a blue cheese flavor.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for reducing the nitrogen oxide component from the oxygen-poor combustion products of a hydrocarbon fuel combustion device, which product would ordinarily contain an undesirable excess quantity of oxides of nitrogen. The method and apparatus include the means for associating gaseous hydrocarbon compounds in said products of combustion at a sufficiently high temperature in a related selected contained volume such that a degree of acceleration of the reduction of oxides of nitrogen is obtained so that the NO is reduced to an acceptable level within a selected reaction time related to said volume which reaction time, volume and temperature are reasonably associated with or present within said combustion device.

Abstract: An improved high capacity harvesting apparatus is disclosed which includes means for rotating an article collecting bin about its central vertical axis as articles are continuously supplied adjacent the central bottom portion of the bin, and for automatically incrementally lowering the bin relative to the article supply means in accordance with the formation of successive layers of articles in the bottom of the bin. Preferably grabber discharge means of the parallel spaced reciprocatory jaw type are provided for gently supplying the articles to the bin. Improved padded roller elevator means are provided for supplying the articles to the grabber discharge means at a relatively high rate from one or more article sources.

Abstract: A transducer positioning apparatus is disclosed which includes telescoping frame sections, together with pivotally adjustable gimbal supports for accurately mounting a plurality of transducers upon the skin side of a suspended animal carcass, respectively, whereby fat thickness, lean depth and external carcass length are measured by the transducers in conjunction with conventional ultrasonic imaging equipment.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for automatic milking machines of the Clean-In-Place (CIP) type in which pre-rinse liquid and reused cleaning solutions are maintained at a temperature within 50 .degree. F. - 120.degree. F. A vacuum pump and a liquid pump along with the operation of various valves enable the passage of the pre-rinse liquid and cleaning solution through the milking machine. An insulated storage receptacle with a heater maintains recovered cleaning solution at the desired temperature for reuse.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new heteropolysaccharide polymer and a method for producing this polymer by a fermentation process comprising culturing a heteropolysaccharide-producing strain of a micro-organism of the genus Methylomonas on an aqueous culture medium containing methanol as the sole source of assimilable carbon. Several uses for the heteropolysaccharide are also disclosed such as its use as a drag reducing agent, a thickening agent, an emulsifier, a soil suspending agent and a flocculant or deflocculant.

Abstract: Method for the determination of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL) and HCG-like material in an aqueous sample comprising contacting a highly specific receptor for these hormones with an aqueous sample to be tested, providing a means of indicating whether binding has taken place between the receptor and hormone possibly contained in the sample and observing the indicating means to determine the presence of the hormone in the sample. PRL may be determined separately or simultaneously with the HCG and LH. The receptor is a plasma membrane extract from the corpus luteum of an animal which possesses the receptor for HCG, LH, PRL and HCG-like material. Radioassay indicating means are preferred, according to which competitive protein binding between radioisotopically labeled hormone and hormone present in the sample is radiologically determined. The method has particular application to the determination to pregnancy in the human female.

Abstract: An improved high capacity harvesting apparatus is disclosed which includes means for rotating an article collecting bin about its central vertical axis as articles are continuously supplied adjacent the central bottom portion of the bin, and for automatically incrementally lowering the bin relative to the article supply means in accordance with the formation of successive layers of articles in the bottom of the bin. Preferably grabber discharge means of the parallel spaced reciprocatory jaw type are provided for gently supplying the articles to the bin. Improved padded roller elevator means are provided for supplying the articles to the grabber discharge means at a relatively high rate from one or more article sources.

Abstract: An anti-pollution spark plug is disclosed having a storage chamber contained in the body portion of the metal shell for receiving -- via longitudinal passages contained in the externally threaded reduced portion of the metal shell -- unburnt hydrocarbons from the cylinder during the compression stroke of the engine. During the subsequent expansion stroke following combustion, the unburnt hydrocarbons are returned to the cylinder for mixing (at a temperature of at least 2200.degree. Rankine) with the oxides of nitrogen having an excess concentration relative to an equilibrium value defined by the pressure, temperature and composition parameters of the products of combustion, thereby to reduce the oxides of nitrogen to the equilibrium value.

Abstract: A compound was isolated from female Phthorimea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) extracts and identified as trans-4, cis-7-tridecadienyl acetate. The compound was then synthesized. This compound elicits good male P. operculella responses in laboratory and field assays. The corresponding alcohol also appeared to be present in the female glands, but was not found to increase male responses in the laboratory or the field.

Abstract: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer apparatus and method are disclosed for analyzing the components of a complex mixture, characterized in that at least a portion of the eluted effluent from the liquid column is continuously introduced directly into the ionization chamber of a chemical ionization mass spectrometer for detection of the eluted sample components. Use is made of restricted capillary tube means for introducing the complex mixture directly into the chemical ionization ion source chamber, and diffusion pump and cryogenic pump means for obtaining the desired vacuum in the ion source chamber. The solvent is used as the agent necessary for chemical ionization, thereby making it unnecessary to remove all of the solvent before introducing the sample into the analyzer. Mass spectra is taken either on a repetitive basis, or the instrument is operable to monitor the total abundance of peaks other than those resulting from the solvent.

Abstract: A method was developed for producing cheddar cheese from pasteurized milk characterized by the addition of enzyme preparations to the cheddared curds prior to curing. An enzyme mixture of food grade lipase, microbial and animal, and neutral protease is added to substantially reduce the curing time of the cheese and at the same time impart the appropriate cheddar cheese flavor with minimum bitterness and rancidity. Optionally, peptidase enzyme may be added.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described which allows a cw dye laser to be tuned over hundreds of angstroms on a nanosecond time scale in spite of the relatively long cavity decay and build up time. A tuning element is positioned at the mid-point between the reflective mirrors that define the length of the cavity.

Abstract: A method for producing blue cheese from pasteurized or heat treated milk, characterized by the addition to the cheese curds from which the whey has been drained, of a mixture of lipase, a Penicillium mold spore species, and salt. The Penicillium species may include Penicillium roqueforti or Penicillium glaucum, and the lipase is preferably a microbial lipase formed from Aspergilli ssp., Penicillium ssp. or Rhizopus ssp., or suitable animal lipase sources. The resultant cheese product is imparted with the appropriate blue cheese flavor with required rancidity in a greatly shortened period of time (i.e., about 2 to 4 months).

Abstract: A toxic bait for pest species of insects which feed on sweet, water-based solutions, in which the bait contains suspended recrystallized Mirex in a sweet, aqueous solution.

Abstract: A method of making optical gratings by the use of a Scanning Electron Microscope wherein (1) a substrate having a thin film of electron resist thereon is exposed in adjacent areas by an electron dosage and the amount of such dosage and the depth of the thin film are selected such that energy deposition in regions between adjacent exposed areas in said electron resist is below the threshold sensitivity of said resist for development, (2) the development time of the resist is made an inverse function of the electron dosage, and/or (3) the period of the grating is controlled by use of a standard scanning format.

Abstract: An improved method is disclosed for producing a solid sodium-beta-alumina electrolyte, characterized by the step of mixing the sodium-beta-alumina powder -- prior to sintering -- with a sodium-aluminum oxide additive in which the atom ratio of sodium to aluminum is 0.54. Consequently, the temperature to which the resulting mixture must be heated to achieve sintering is greatly lowered (i.e., to between 1600.degree. C. and 1700.degree. C) by the presence of a reactive liquid phase, and the resulting sintered product has a greater density and a lower resistivity, and undesirable abnormal grain growth is avoided.

Abstract: An egg yolk material which has been fractionated such that major characteristics of the separate fractions F.sub.1, F.sub.2 and F.sub.3 are approximately:Unfractionated Egg Yolk Material F.sub.1 F.sub.2 F.sub.3 ______________________________________ Cholesterol 9.9 9.7 6.9 28 (mg. per gr. of sample) Fat 36.9 41.59 34.37 23.30 (per cent of total weight of fraction measured) Protein 17.55 13.36 20.02 26.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new heteropolysaccharide polymer and a method for producing this polymer by a fermentation process comprising culturing a heteropolysaccharide-producing strain of a micro-organism of the genus Methylomonas on an aqueous culture medium containing methanol as the sole source of assimilable carbon. Several uses for the heteropolysaccharide are also disclosed such as its use as a drag reducing agent, a thickening agent, an emulsifier, a soil suspending agent and a flocculant or deflocculant.