Abstract: Both homojunction and heterojunction bipolar transistor structures are fabricated in unique trenched configurations so as to better utilize their surface areas by employing both the vertical and horizontal portions of their base regions with equal effectiveness. An important advantage of the unique trenched configurations is that the base region of each trenched structure is of precisely the same thickness throughout--both vertical and horizontal portions. Consequently, the transit time for charge carriers to diffuse across the base region and the base transport factor are uniform because of the uniform base thickness. Moreover, the parasitic capacitance region of each trenched structure beneath base metallization contacts is only a small portion of the entire base-collector junction region.

Abstract: A high current amplifier, three terminal device, comprising a Josephson tunnel junction and a Schottky diode is configured so that the Josephson junction and Schottky diode share a common base electrode which is made very thin. Electrons which cross the Schottky barrier are supplied to the Josephson junction to obtain the amplified output current.

Abstract: Magnetic flux concentrating materials are introduced in superconducting moelectronic devices and circuits as a method and means for fabrication of more compact, higher speed superconducting microelectronic devices and circuits.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of growing thin films of the elemental semiductors (group IVB), i.e., silicon, germanium, tin, lead, and, especially diamond, using modified atomic layer epitaxial (ALE) growth techniques are disclosed. In addition, stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric compounds of the group IVB elements are also grown by a variation of the method according to the present invention. The ALE growth of diamond thin films is carried-out, inter alia, by exposing a plurality of diamond or like substrates alternately to a halocarbon reactant gas, e.g., carbon tetrafluoride (CF.sub.4), and a hydrocarbon reactant gas, e.g., methane (CH.sub.4), at substrate temperatures between 300 and 650 Celsius. A stepping motor device portion of the apparatus is controlled by a programmable controller portion such that the surfaces of the plurality of substrates are given exposures of at least 10.sup.15 molecules/cm.sup.2 of each of the reactant gases.

Abstract: A method and material for coating metal surfaces which prevents disbonding f the coating and metal surface. A polymer coating material has high molecular weight cations added thereto and can be used to paint steel or other metal surfaces subject to cathodic ionization.

Abstract: A high intake, defined excitation, vertical profiling survey bioluminescence bathyphotometer system designed to measure, from a statistically significant sample with a calibrated hydromechanical stimulus, (1) the bioluminescence of phytoplankton and zooplankton organisms in the oceanic water column to depths of 400 meters in absolute units of photons per second per volume (intensity) or photons per volume (total flux), (2) the concentration of bioluminescent population in flashes per volume, (3) the average light intensity per bioluminescent event, and (4) population flash dynamics.

Abstract: A broadband laser which can be electronically tuned to a narrow line by insertion of a frequency selective element in the laser cavity.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of growing thin films of the elemental semiconductors (group IVB), i.e., silicon, germanium, tin, lead, and, especially diamond, using modified atomic layer epitaxial (ALE) growth techniques are disclosed. In addition, stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric compounds of the group IVB elements are also grown by a variation of the method according to the present invention. The ALE growth of diamond thin films is carried-out, inter alia, by exposing a plurality of diamond or like substrates alternately to a halocarbon reactant gas, e.g., carbon tetrafluoride (CF.sub.4), and a hydrocarbon reactant gas, e.g., methane (CH.sub.4), at substrate temperatures between 300 and 650 Celsius. A stepping motor device portion of the apparatus is controlled by a programmable controller portion such that the surfaces of the plurality of substrates are given exposures of at least 10.sup.15 molecules/cm.sup.2 of each of the reactant gases.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for retarding the pitting of aluminum by coating the luminum with a film which includes molybdenium oxide.The aluminum material is preexposed to a molybdate solution before anadizing in a sodium tartrate solution.

Abstract: A mixed polymer electrolyte and a solid rechargeable battery which uses a solid mixed polymer electrolyte of poly[bis(methoxyethoxyethoxide)phosphazene].

Abstract: An antifouling marine paint having an antibotic active agent which (1) is toxic to gram negative organisms of the genus Oceanospirillum, (2) is relatively insoluble in seawater to permit a slow leaching into the paint-seawater interface, and (3) is non-photolytic, i.e., is not degraded by exposure to sunlight. Further, when used with a copper base antifouling paint, the antibiotic must not be broken down by the copper in the paint. The antibotic may be selected from the group consisting of chloramphenicol, erythromycin, neomycin, and streptomycin.

Abstract: A tough mutant strain of the bioluminescent marine dinoflagellate pyrocys lunula which produces almost three times more light than its predecessor Pyrocystis lunula strain, which can withstand much more centrifugal force than its predecessor, and which grows faster than its predecessor in a defined medium under laboratory conditions, doubling about every four days, and requiring only monthly transfers.

Abstract: A microbiological assay based on bioluminesce employing the bioluminescent dinoflagellate Pyrocystis lunula. An oil well drilling fluid sample is prepared according to E. P. A. procedures to obtain a suspended particulate phase sample. An aliquot of the sample is added to a growth medium containing Pyrocystis lunula in suspension. The mixture is agitated to subject the Pyrocystis lunula to a shear stress. Light emitted as a result of the shear stress on the Pyrocystis lunula is measure and compared with a control to determine if there is diminution of light produced by the Pyrocystis lunula in the mixture. Diminution of light production is an indication of the presence of a toxic substance in the sample.

Abstract: A man portable (80 lbs) surface piercing structure which can be installed shallow water (nominally 10 ft) from a small boat without divers assistance. The structure is comprised of two separate assemblies, a mast and a foundation. The mast is joined to its foundation by a mechanical latch and release mechanism which is internal to the mast.

Abstract: An environmental charging and detonation system for submunitions has an arnator in which a firing pin or rotor shaft is used for safing and arming, stab detonation, as well as the rotor for the alternator. A ram air actuated ribbon is deployed during submunition flight for arming the submunition and spinning the rotor of the alternator. The alternator generates energy that is stored in a charging circuit. A multidirection impact detection switch triggers a firing circuit that discharges the energy stored in the charging circuit through an electronic detonator. The electronic detonator will reliably detonate the submunition regardless of the submunition impact angle with a target.

Abstract: A material tester which allows for material characterization under hydrodmic loading including very high rates of loading such as found in ballistic applications, and which includes various interchangeable fittings to allow the tester to simultaneously subject a test specimen to (1) radial compression and axial tension, or (2) radial compression and axial compression, or (3) radial compression and axial shearing stress.

Abstract: A composite long rod penetrator formed from depleted uranium and titanium s a longitudinal hardness gradient created by reinforcing the long rod with tungsten wire filaments. The longitudinal hardness gradient increases in hardness from a minimum value at the forward ogive end to a maximum value at the aft end. The longitudinal hardness gradient causes the long rod penetrator to exhibit optimum initial penetrating capabilities at high impact velocities and then after impact and some erosion exhibits superior penetrating capabilites at lesser velocities.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the final shape of an explosively formed penetrator, in which a liner is explosively accelerated to high velocity to impact upon a mandrel and form a penetrator whose final shape, surface and mass distributions about its axis and along its length are determined by the mandrel shape. The shape of the mandrel can be varied to produce penetrators of optimal shape, depending upon the intended penetrator use. Such shape definition permits the dynamic formation of penetrators which have favorable static margins, which can be fin or spin stabilized, and which can have favorable shapes and mass distributions for effective target penetration.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a chemical reaction by heterogeneous catalysis, in which a surface acoustic wave (SAW) is propagated along a surface of a piezoelectric element in contact with liquid or gaseous substances to be chemically reacted, to thus generate an electric field at the surface of the element which initiates and sustains the desired reaction. The catalysis rate can be varied by varying the frequency and/or intensity of the surface acoustic wave. The surface of the element may be coated with a very thin film of a catalytic group 8 metal which can be penetrated by the SAW electric field. In such an embodiment, normal catalysis proceeds via chemisorption, and the SAW element field acts to increase the catalysis rate.

Abstract: A process that derives estimates of range and range-rate during the radar ack of an object, when the radar employes a linear frequency modulated waveform. FM waveforms at the radar wavelength are transmitted. The frequency of the radar echos are measured and the difference between the incoming frequency of radar echos and the local oscillator frequency is estimated. The signal is decomposed into Range and Range rate. Implementation of the decomposition device can either be a sequence of stored software or a hardwired processor.