Abstract: A hand-held stun gun incapacitates a human target by generating a series of powerful electrical output pulses across first and second spaced apart output terminals in response to closure of a trigger. A battery power supply includes an electronic switch, an energy storage capacitor and a transformer for converting low voltage, direct current into a series of high voltage output pulses across the first and second output terminals. Each output pulse includes a pulse energy of from 0.9 joules to 10 joules. The series of output current pulses have an RMS current flow of from 100 milliamps to 500 milliamps when the first and second output terminals are applied to a human target.

Abstract: An asynchronous receiver system for remotely controlling an apparatus and capable of being substantially completely constructed on a single integrated circuit chip. This system includes an input stage means for receiving during successive receiving cycles an incoming signal comprising repetitive groups of serially received frequency bursts. Each burst is composed of one of a plurality of frequencies and the frequency of the incoming signal lies between harmonic frequencies of interfering signals. A frequency divider means sequentially generates a plurality of localizer frequencies at a first output terminal and a plurality of timing signals at a second plurality of output terminals. Each timing signal is associated with one of the plurality of localizer frequencies. A mixer receives inputs from the input stage and from the first output terminal and generates sum and difference signals in response to the incoming signal and to the plurality of localizer frequencies.