Abstract: A turbocharger for internal combustion engines comprising a unidirectional energy converter having a closed, continuous loop passageway containing a plurality of freely-movable, unrestrained bodies which travel around the passageway in one direction only. In one region of the passageway, successive bodies are propelled in one direction around the passageway by exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. In another region of the passageway, the kinetic energy of the propelled bodies is used to compress a gas, which can be mixed with fuel. This compressed gas is then forced into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine; whereupon the bodies are again propelled around the passageway to repeat the cycle. The exhaust gases and air or an air/fuel mixture are exhausted and introduced in an expansion space in the converter through substantially immediately adjacent ports.

Abstract: A turbocharger for internal combustion engines comprising a unidirectional energy converter having a closed, continuous loop passageway containing a plurality of freely-movable, unrestrained bodies which travel around the passageway in one direction only. In one region of the passageway, successive bodies are propelled in one direction around the passageway by exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. In another region of the passageway, the kinetic energy of the propelled bodies is used to compress a gas, which can be mixed with fuel. This compressed gas is then forced into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine; whereupon the bodies are again propelled around the passageway to repeat the cycle.

Abstract: A compound internal combustion engine having an efficiency materially higher than that of an engine operating on the conventional Otto or Diesel cycle. This is accomplished by using the heat of the exhaust gases to compress air, with or without the addition of fuel, which is then injected into the cylinder or cylinders of the engine just prior to ignition. In this manner, less heat is rejected from the overall cycle with improved efficiency. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a portion of the unused heat energy in the exhaust gases is used in a unidirectional energy converter to compress air or an air/fuel mixture which is then injected into the cylinders of the engine. The engine, whether it should operate on the Otto or Diesel cycle, does not compress gas on the upstroke of the piston until the compressed gas from the unidirectional energy converter is injected into the cylinder.

Abstract: An apparatus for abrading workpieces, particularly a semiconductor wafer, includes a spinner plate having acentral support and a finger pocket at one end to rotate the plate about a collar that is affixed to the central part of an abrading plate. The spinner plate carries at its end opposite the finger pocket, a fixture used to support the workpiece for movement along a circular track on the abrading plate. The abrading plate is supported within a tray.

Abstract: A compound internal combustion engine having an efficiency materially higher than that of an engine operating on the conventional Otto or Diesel cycle. This is accomplished by using the heat of the exhaust gases to compress air, with or without the addition of fuel, which is then injected into the cylinder or cylinders of the engine just prior to ignition. In this manner, less heat is rejected from the overall cycle with improved efficiency. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a portion of the unused heat energy in the exhaust gases is used in a unidirectional energy converter to compress air or an air/fuel mixture which is then injected into the cylinders of the engine. The exhaust gases and air or the air/fuel mixture are exhausted and introduced in an expansion space in the converter through substantially immediately adjacent ports.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for dispensing ink to a silk screen for printing thereby. A squeegee is reciprocated relative to the silk screen and each cycle of movement provides an air pulse to a counter. The counted pulses are compared with a preset number of pulses based on the actual amount of ink which is used during the printing operations. When the counted pulses are counted up to the preset number, a control signal is fed to a valve to operate a piston and cylinder assembly which is coupled to a piston to force a measured quantity of ink from a cylinder. The cylinder is fed with a supply of ink from an ink pot. A check valve in the bottom of the cylinder opens only when the ink in the cylinder is pressurized by the piston. The measured quantity of ink dispensed from the cylinder is delivered by a conduit to the silk screen.

Abstract: Apparatus to advance a multi-unit mining machine along a face conveyor in an underground mine includes a hydraulic unit with an advancing mechanism that extends around a toothed rack. The rack extends over the length of machine movement. The hydraulic unit is an independent unit on a machine body of the mining machine and is used for increasing the advancing force provided by other existing advancing units for the mining machine. The hydraulic unit is narrower than the other units on the machine body and is attached by vertical flanges to adjacent units on the machine body. The hydraulic unit receives a winch casing between oppositely-disposed flanges for guided vertical movement of the casing. The casing has pins extending in the direction of machine movement from opposite top portions thereof to engage with members that slide vertically between guide bars on the flanges for vertical mobility. Clearances between the parts provide limited horizontal mobility.

Abstract: A game caller has a size and a wafer-like shape for support against the roof of a user's mouth and includes two diaphragms that are supported in spaced apart relation by a frame in one embodiment and two frames in a different embodiment. A further embodiment provides that a frame is divided into portions for holding and spacing the diaphragms. Each diaphragm is tensioned and held to present an exposed edge portion which is caused to vibrate by impingement with exhausted pulmonary air from the user. A casing engages the exposed parts of the frame and extends outwardly therefrom to hold the assembly together as a unit.

Abstract: A water level indicator for a pressure vessel is provided which employs a plurality of vertically spaced cantilevered mounted spring members. The free end of each spring member is connected to a depending float member. The float member has sufficient mass and density to depress its spring member when the float member is in a gaseous medium. The float member has sufficient buoyancy to elevate its spring member when the float member is in a water medium. One or more strain gauges is secured to each spring member to indicate the instantaneous position of the spring member and thereby provide an indication of the instantaneous water level.

Abstract: A valve of the type which is actuated under the pressure of the medium it controls and in which axially-aligned actuating and damping pistons are disposed within cylindrical relief and damping chambers and are connected to a valve element engageable with a valve seat disposed between inlet and outlet valve ports. The actuating piston acts under the pressure of the medium it controls to actuate the valve element in response to a reduction in pressure in the relief chamber. The invention itself resides in the provision of a restricted passageway which interconnects the relief and damping chambers whereby the pressure in the damping chamber will be reduced slowly in response to a reduction in pressure in the relief chamber whereby, if the valve should stick or otherwise become slow-acting, the pressure within the damping chamber will assist and insure that the valve is actuated even though it may not be in the best operating condition.

Abstract: There is disclosed a bow sight including an elongated frame with a mounting plate for securing the frame to a bow above the arrow-receiving portion thereof. Upper and lower flanges on the frame support opposite ends of a threaded shaft which, at the top of the frame, is coupled with a pulley engaged with a belt coupled to a pulley on the shaft of a motor that is also mounted on the frame. The motor is reversible and depending on its direction of rotation, the threaded shaft is rotated to raise or lower a sighting assembly that is threadedly engaged with the shaft. The sighting assembly includes a lens with colored range markings thereof. The markings have a center that is horizontally spaced from an illuminated stylus. The colors of the range markers correspond to the colors of markers horizontally spaced along the frame of the sight. The sighting assembly is moved vertically so that a pointer is aligned with a selected color marker corresponding to the color of the field marking on the lens.

Abstract: A cooking appliance, particularly adapted to heat boilable pouch packaged foods, employing incandescent electric lamps as a radiant heat source. Cooking is controlled without a timer by sensing expansion of the plastic pouch containing the food. Venting is employed which permits the appliance to be extremely compact while permitting the use of decorative wooden end panels which will not overheat.

Abstract: A railway coupler arrangement which eliminates the conventional yoke strap, thereby enabling a larger draft gear to be employed in the coupling without increasing the overall size of the sill. The invention also provides a novel assembly for facilitating a rotary coupler arrangement in which the diameter of the rotary shank can be increased over prior art rotary butt couplers.

Abstract: A support for the roof in longwall mining operations includes a gob canopy at the rear of a roof canopy. The gob canopy can move about a vertical pivot and a horizontal pivot by operation of a hydraulic actuator. To stabilize the support, the gob canopy moves into or out of contact with the roof at the rear of the roof canopy. The actuators can move the gob canopy to the left or right side of the roof canopy about a vertical pivot so that a skeg member on the upper surface of the gob canopy drags along the mine roof for steering the roof support when it is advanced toward the mine face. Gaps between the gob canopies of side-by-side roof supports function in the manner of grizzly bars to permit recovery of small pieces of gob roof rock.

Abstract: (a) A programmable knitting machine(b) Machine comprising a matrix formed of conductors (A.sub.1) intersected by conductors (B.sub.j) at a point of intersection (T.sub.ij), display means (4), means (11, 12, 15, 16) for bringing the conductors (A.sub.i and B.sub.j) into contact, and a microprocessor.(c) The invention concerns the programming of knitting machines.

Abstract: A longwall mining machine and method for its use, the machine traveling over a face conveyor having a first toothed rack extending therealong. A gantry-like frame is movable along the face conveyor and has upstanding supports at its opposite ends which carry an upper track and a second toothed rack. A first mining machine frame is carried on the face conveyor and has drive pinion means engageable with the first toothed rack. A second mining machine frame is carried on the upper track of the gantry-like frame and has drive pinion means engageable with the second toothed rack. The first and second mining machine frames each having a shearer drum mounted thereon for cutting and removing a mineral seam.

Abstract: A structure for absorbing wave energy, particularly acoustic wave energy, which includes a first essentially planar surface against which wave energy is directed and a second essentially planar surface generally parallel to and spaced from the first surface. Wedge-shaped elements of sound-absorbing material are disposed between the planar surfaces. All of the wedge-shaped elements, which may be of triangular cross section or pyramidal, have generally flat base portions which form said first planar surface against which wave energy is directed. The apex portions of the wedge-shaped elements are in substantial abutment with the second planar surface. The invention has utility in anechoic applications; however, in contrast to prior art structures of this type, the apex portions of the sound-absorbing material face away from incident wave energy rather than facing toward it.

Abstract: The burden from a tow of breast-tied strings of barges is unloaded by first mooring the tow to an access platform. The hard ties are removed from a first and then remaining string of barges after they are pulled against the platform. The barges of each string are provided with forward and aft soft ties and soft ties are provided between the forward and aft ends of successive strings. The softly-tied barges are advanced along a floating slip by a barge haul below two serially-arranged excavators. The burden is unloaded in two layers from each barge with each excavator removing one layer while the barges normally pass in only one direction continuously through the slip. After unloading, the empty barges are moored at a fleeting area where a tow is again formed by hard tieing the barges together.

Abstract: A cutter drum assembly for longwall mining machines incorporating means for spraying trickle water onto the face area being mined as the cutter drum rotates. This requires valving for supplying high-pressure liquid to only those nozzles adjacent the face area as the drum rotates. In accordance with the invention, the valving takes the form of individual valves spaced around the drum, the valves being actuated by a relatively low-pressure control medium (i.e., a liquid) which obviates the necessity for the close tolerances and rigid sealing requirements of prior art devices where high-pressure liquid valve assemblies were built into the rotary connection between a support shaft and the drum which rotates about it.

Abstract: An adjustable valve locking system for valves in which the axial position of a spindle which carries a valve element is dependent upon rotation of an actuating mechanism. Such a locking system includes an annular member surrounding the valve spindle and rotatable with the actuating mechanism, a connection between the annular member and the valve spindle whereby rotation of the annular member will cause axial movement of the valve spindle, a ring threadedly engaging the outer periphery of the annular member, and a radially-movable locking bolt movable into engagement with the ring to lock the same against axial movement while preventing rotation of the annular member and any linear movement of the valve spindle to lock the same.