Abstract: A low-pour fuel composition is prepared by blending with a gas oil a minor amount of a high asphaltene residuum, such as an Arabian Light 1050.degree. F. residuum, and from about 0.003 to about 0.50 weight percent of an oil-soluble copolymer which can be, for example, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or a block copolymer of the A--B--A type wherein the A block is derived from an ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and an aliphatic alcohol and the B block is a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, etc.

Abstract: Covers a method of producing a polyurethane by utilizing aminoimide compounds as catalysts in reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an organic polyester polyol or polyether polyol in the presence of said catalyst. Said aminoimides have the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently alkyl, or when taken together are selected from the group consisting of morpholino and piperazino, R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- and ##STR2## AND N IS A NUMBER OF 1-6.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermal oil recovery method suitable for recovering viscous oil by injecting steam and an amine compound having the following formula:R.sub.1 R.sub.2 NR.sub.3wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 and preferably a C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkyl, linear or branched, and R.sub.3 is an alkyl, linear or branched, having from 3 to 20 and preferably 4 to 12, or R.sub.3 is --R.sub.4 NH.sub.2 wherein R.sub.4 is a C.sub.2 to C.sub.18 alkyl, linear or branched, and preferably 3 to 11, the sum of carbon atoms in R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 being from 3 to 20 and preferably from 7 to 13. The amine and steam may be mixed and injected into the formation, or one or more slugs of amine may be injected sequentially with steam injection. The amine improves the overall oil recovery and thermal efficiency of a steam flooding oil recovery process by improving the separation of viscous oil from the formation mineral surfaces.

Abstract: Disclosed are hydrolytically stable spray oil containing plant assimilating boron compounds for improving plant growth. Suitable boron compounds include the esters of boric, boronic and borinic acids including the cyclic esters, the alkanolamine esters, the non-alpha hydrogen and branched alkyl esters and amine-borate adducts. The spray oils are formulated to contain from 0.01 to 2.0 weight/volume percent of boron.

Abstract: Low pour fuel oil compositions are prepared by incorporating in a residual fuel a small amount of an oil-soluble terpolymer such as (1) a vinyl acetate-ethylene-methacrylic or acrylic acid ester terpolymer of (2) vinyl acetate-ethylene-oxyalkylated acrylic acid terpolymer.

Abstract: The combination which includes a gas lift well that has a christmas tree coupled to the casing and to the tubing in the well. There is a flow line to receive liquid product and a choke connected between the flow line and the tubing. The improvement includes a lateral Y connected to the top of the tubing with a streamlined flow path connecting a lateral branch of the Y, from the well side of the choke, to the flow line.

Abstract: In the recovery of oil from an oil-bearing formation having a high salinity connate water wherein an aqueous surfactant slug containing a commercially available petroleum sulfonate is injected followed by the injection of an aqueous drive agent, improved recovery is obtained, if a cosurfactant and a mono-unsaturated secondary alcohol are added to the surfactant slug.

Abstract: Novel polyether polyureides useful in the manufacture of plastics, sealants, molds, foams and coatings. The novel composition comprises a ureido-terminated polyoxyalkylene prepared by reacting a primary amine-terminated polyoxyalkylene with urea at temperatures in the range from about 120.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. in a molar ratio of about one mole of urea for each terminal primary amino group.

Abstract: A process for the dehydroisomerization of hydrocarbons in the presence of a catalyst composed of a metal of Group VIII supported on mordenite in hydrogen form and treated with ammonia.

Abstract: A tool and accessories for use in a method of removing a shooting valve, or blow-out preventer from a well having pressure therein, without killing the well. The tool has a mandrel with a well head plug on one end that matches a casing head fixture. The mandrel is long enough to extend through the shooting valve, or blow-out preventer when the plug is in place in the casing head fixture. And, there is a pressure tight housing which can receive the mandrel and plug inside the housing. When the housing has been attached to the shooting valve, or blow-out preventer, the pressure in the housing may be equalized with the well pressure, and then the plug can fall into place and be secured there. Thereafter, the housing pressure will be released and the shooting valve, or blow-out preventer can be removed while the well pressure is contained by the plug.

Abstract: A method of transporting viscous hydrocarbons which involves introducing into a pipeline or well-bore with the viscous hydrocarbons a solution containing an oxyalkylated anionic surfactant such as sodium nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene sulfonate or a mixture of such surfactants and, optionally, with an alkalinity agent thereby forming a low-viscosity, salt-tolerant oil-in-water emulsion.

Abstract: A method of transporting viscous hydrocarbons which involves introducing into a pipeline or well-bore with the viscous hydrocarbons a solution containing an oxyalkylated anionic surfactant such as sodium nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene sulfonate or a mixture of such surfactants and, optionally, with an alkalinity agent thereby forming a low-viscosity, salt-tolerant oil-in-water emulsion.

Abstract: An improvement in a process for the preparation of alkenyldicarboxylic acid lactones by alkenylation of maleic anhydride or other C.sub.4 H.sub.2 O.sub.3, C.sub.5 H.sub.4 O.sub.3, or C.sub.6 H.sub.6 O.sub.3 alkendioic anhydrides or their corresponding acids wherein the unsaturation is conjugated with at least one carboxy group with olefins having a molecular weight from about 200 to 3000 whereby alkenyldicarboxylic acids or its anhydrides is formed together with a sludge and is thereafter subjected to lactonization or hydrolysis-lactonization in the presence of a catalyst and in the presence of at least a portion of the sludge.

Abstract: A simultaneous pulsed neutron porosity and thermal neutron capture cross section logging system is provided in the present invention. A logging tool provided with a 14 MeV pulsed neutron source, an epithermal neutron detector, and a combination gamma ray and fast neutron detector is moved through a borehole. Repetitive bursts of neutrons irradiate the earth formations and, during the bursts, the fast neutron and epithermal neutron populations are sampled. During the interval between bursts the thermal neutron capture gamma ray population is sampled in two or more time intervals. The fast and epithermal neutron population measurements are combined to provide a measurement of formation porosity .phi.. The capture gamma ray measurements are combined to provide a simultaneous determination of the thermal neutron capture cross section .SIGMA..

Abstract: A method for transporting viscous hydrocarbons which involves introducing into a pipeline or well-bore with the viscous hydrocarbons a solution containing (1) an anionic surfactant such as sodium tridecyl sulfate, sodium oleate, etc., or an oxyalkylated anionic surfactant of the sulfonate or sulfate type, and mixtures of the surfactants mentioned and (2) an alkalinity agent such as sodium hydroxide, thereby forming a low viscosity, salt-tolerant, oil-in-water emulsion. Optionally, the solution may contain a small amount of a guanidine salt or a water-soluble oxyalkylated, nitrogen-containing aromatic compound such as ethoxylated-8-hydroxy quinoline.

Abstract: Fluid in permeable earth formations adjacent well casing is irradiated with neutrons to form radioactive tracer isotopes in the chemical elements comprising the fluid, typically sodium 24 in saline subsurface formation water, and in other elements in the casing and formation each of which decays by emission of gamma rays. By measuring the rate of decay of the radioactive tracer isotope, a measure of horizontal fluid flow in the formation is obtained. The elements in the casing and formation have been found to also respond to the neutron irradiation by forming radioactive isotopes, such as calcium 49 in the formation and manganese 56 in the steel casing, which emit gamma rays which interfere with the gamma radiation measurements of the trace element indicative of water flow. A method of measuring horizontal fluid flow while compensating for the presence of gamma rays from elements in the casing and formation and also increasing the accuracy of the measured linear fluid flow velocity is disclosed.

Abstract: An improved conventional type of gas lift valve and mandrel combination. It has a large area screen which encloses the valve and prevents it from having the inlet port and/or its integral small area screen, become plugged.

Abstract: A process for the hydroisomerization of paraffinic hydrocarbons employing a catalyst composed of a noble metal, alumina and chlorine. The catalyst is prepared by treating a composite of noble metal and alumina with an aluminum compound such as an inorganic or organic salt of aluminum, preferably aluminum nitrate, calcining the treated composite and thereafter contacting the treated composite with a conventional chloride activating agent. By treating and calcining the composite with an aluminum salt, the amount of noble metal retained on the catalyst's surface during chloride activation is maximized enabling high conversions of normal paraffins to isoparaffins to be realized.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for generating steam from water containing high concentrations of particulate matter such as silt, clay, etc., without the need for filtering and otherwise treating the water prior to generation of steam therefrom, especially useful for use in a viscous oil recovery process. The method comprises introducing solid particulate materials such as coarse sand, etc., into a thermal cracking unit such as, for example, that is used in the Lurgi-Ruhrgas process. The solids are heated to a temperature of at least 1400.degree. F., and on contacting the crude, cause cracking of the viscous crude into lighter molecular weight hydrocarbons and form a solid coke-like residue on the sand grain. The sand grains containing the coke residue are transported into a second chamber into which air is injected and the solid coke residue ignited. The carbon coke residue burns, raising the temperature of the sand or other granular solids.

Abstract: Covers a method of preparing an alpha-vinyloxazoline compound from the corresponding oxazoline ether compound, and more preferably covers a three step synthesis of preparing alpha-vinyloxazolines via reaction of acrylonitrile and alcohols.