Abstract: An embodiment of a writing system for a phase change memory based on a present application is disclosed. The writing system comprises a first phase change memory (PCM) cell, a second PCM cell, a first writing circuit and a verifying circuit. The first writing circuit executes a writing procedure, receives and writes a first data to the first PCM cell. The verifying circuit executes a verifying procedure and the circuit further comprises a processing unit and a second writing circuit. The processing unit reads and compares the data stored in the second PCM cell with a second data. The second writing circuit writes the second data to the second PCM cell when the data stored in the second PCM cell and the second data are not matched.

Abstract: A backlight module is disclosed. The backlight module includes a back plate, a diffuser and a supporter. The diffuser is disposed over the back plate. The supporter is disposed between the back plate and the diffuser and includes a seat and a fixing member. The fixing member has one or more protrusions formed thereon and the seat and fixing member are adapted to fix a light source.

Abstract: A compensating circuit for calibrating reference voltage, which is coupled to an operation amplifier having an input end and an output end within a reference voltage driving circuit, is provided in the present invention. The compensating circuit comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a first switch. The first capacitor is utilized for storing the potential with respect to the reference voltage. The second capacitor is coupled to the operation amplifier for storing the potential difference between the input end and the output end of the operation amplifier. The first switch is electrically connecting to the first capacitor and the second capacitor. When turning on the first switch, the potentials stored in the first capacitor and the second capacitor are combined and input to the operation amplifier to have an output voltage level substantially identical to the reference voltage.

Abstract: The present invention entails a circuit and method for determining the distortion created by a transformer used in data communications. The circuit according to the present invention comprises a transmitting circuit, a back matching circuit, and a subtracting circuit. The transmitting circuit generates a test signal to be transmitted into a transformer, the transmitting circuit having a transmitting output for coupling to a transformer. Once applied to the transformer, the test signal is distorted by the transformer, where the transformer creates harmonics of the test signal and other signal distortion. The back matching circuit generates a scaled test signal that is subtracted from the distorted test signal in the subtraction circuit. The result is a diminished peak at the test signal in comparison to the harmonics such that the distortion by the transformer can be determined using a measuring device with a relatively low dynamic range.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for controlling slurry pump performance to better operate the pump and increase system operating stability. Such control is achieved by determining the instantaneous pressure produced by the pump (and the internal specific gravity that goes along with that) and using this pressure value along with the overall total pipeline resistance to determine the optimal instantaneous operating speed of the pump. When the pump is controlled in this manner, the adverse cavitation, wear, and other effects on the pump and pipeline associated with unstable system operation can be reduced or avoided.