Abstract: Pharmaceutically useful compounds having ACAT inhibitory activity of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 0, 1, or 2, for X other than tetrazole and n=2 then R.sub.2 .dbd.R.sub.3 .dbd.H; R.sub.1 is phenyl, substituted phenyl, naphthyl, substituted naphthyl, a heteroaromatic group or a hydrocarbon group having from one to 18 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, a heteroaryl, or form a spiroalkyl group; X is a heteromonocyclic 5-membered ring containing one to four heteroatoms, said heteroatoms being nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, and combination thereof; and R.sub.4 is a hydrocarbon group having from one to 20 carbon atoms are described as well as methods of their manufacture.

Abstract: A method of making (.+-.)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid that comprises condensing isovaleraldehyde with ##STR1## to form primarily ##STR2## reacting the ##STR3## with a cyanide source to form ##STR4## decarboxylating the ##STR5## to form ##STR6## hydrolyzing the ##STR7## with an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide to form an alkali or alkaline earth metal carboxylate salt; and hydrogenating the alkali or alkaline earth metal carboxylate salt to form (.+-.)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, aryl, benzyl, or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl. The present invention also provides a method of making (.+-.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of making (S)-(+)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid which comprises condensing isovaleraldehyde with an alkyl cyanoacetate to form a 2-cyano-5-methylhex-2-enoic acid alkyl ester; reacting the 2-cyano-5-methylhex-2-enoic acid alkyl ester with a dialkyl malonate to form 3-isobutylglutaric acid; forming the anhydride of 3-isobutylglutaric acid; reacting the anhydride with ammonia to form (.+-.)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid; reacting (.+-.)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid with (R)-(+)-.alpha.-phenylethylamine to obtain the (R)-(+)-.alpha.-phenylethylamine salt of (R)-(-)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid; combining the salt with an acid to obtain (R)-(-)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid; and reacting the (R)-(-)-3-carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid with a Hofmann reagent to obtain (S)-(+)-3-(amino-methyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid.

Abstract: The present invention is a pharmaceutical composition having a combination of an uricosuric agent such as probenecid or the like and an excitatory amino acid antagonist useful for treating a disease advantageously affected by treatment with an excitatory amino acid antagonist.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein * denotes an asymmetric carbon; X is C--H, C--F, C--Cl, C--OCH.sub.3, C--CF.sub.3, or N;R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, or phenyl substituted by one or more halogen atoms;R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cation;R.sup.3 is hydrogen, amino, or methyl;V, W, Y, and Z are each independently C--H, oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur;R.sup.4 is hydrogen or one, two or three substituents independently selected from C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halo-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, hydroxy-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, mercapto, amino, mono-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)amino, di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)amino, formamido, mono-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)amido, di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)amido, cyano, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl, carboxyl, aminomethyl, mono-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)aminomethyl, di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of making (S)-(+)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid which comprises condensing isovaleraldehyde with an alkyl cyanoacetate to form a 2-cyano-5-methylhex-2-enoic acid alkyl ester; reacting the 2-cyano-5-methylhex-2-enoic acid alkyl ester with a dialkyl malonate to form 3-isobutylglutaric acid; forming the anhydride of 3-isobutylglutaric acid; reacting the anhydride with ammonia to form (.+-.)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid; reacting (.+-.)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid with (R)-(+)-.alpha.-phenylethylamine to obtain the (R)-(+)-.alpha.-phenylethylamine salt of (R)-(-)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid; combining the salt with an acid to obtain (R)-(-)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid; and reacting the (R)-(-)-3-carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid with a Hofmann reagent to obtain (S)-(+)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid.

Abstract: Novel methods of using thiazolidinone derivatives and related antihyperglycemic agents to treat populations at risk for developing noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and complications arising therefrom are disclosed. In one embodiment, the compounds of the invention are used to treat polycystic ovary syndrome in order to prevent or delay the onset of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention are used to treat gestational diabetes in order to prevent or delay the onset of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of making quinolone carboxylic acids or naphthyridine carboxylic acids in free base form, the method comprising dissolving a quinolone carboxylic acid salt or naphthyridine carboxylic acid salt in a solvent system to form a solution; combining the solution containing the quinolone carboxylic acid salt or naphthyridine carboxylic acid salt with a calcium salt in an amount in the range of about 0.01% to about 5.0% by weight of the quinolone carboxylic acid salt or naphthyridine carboxylic acid salt and a base, the combination resulting in the formation of a precipitate; and collecting the precipitate. Also provided is a solid bulk pharmaceutical chemical composition which is the product resulting from the precipitation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of selectively inhibiting prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 that comprises administering to a patient in need of such inhibition an inhibiting amount of a compound having the Formula I, II or III ##STR1## wherein the R groups and heterocycles are defined in the disclosure.

Abstract: Novel inhibitors of protein farnesyltransferase enzyme are described, as well as methods for the preparation and pharmaceutical compositions of the same, which are useful in controlling tissue proliferative diseases, including cancer and restenosis.

Abstract: .beta.-Carboxy sulfonates of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is aryl, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen or alkyl, Y is -O-, -S-, or -NR.sub.2 -, and R.sub.5 is alkyl or aryl are potent inhibitors of the enzyme acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) and are thus useful for treating hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.

Abstract: Pharmaceutically useful compounds having acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitory activity having the general formula ##STR1## wherein Ar is di- or trisubstituted aryl or heteroaryl; R.sub.14 and R.sub.15 are each independently aryl, heteroaryl, hydrogen, fluorine, or alkyl, with the proviso that R.sub.14 and R.sub.15 are not both hydrogen, fluorine, or a straight or branched chain alkyl or a combination thereof; and R.sub.16 is a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and is saturated or unsaturated and has 1 to 3 double bonds, the double bonds being adjacent or nonadjacent.

Abstract: 5-Aryltriazol-3-thiones are useful for inhibiting adhesion of Mac-1 and thereby providing cytoprotection for diseases mediated by Mac-1 adhesion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein each of R and R.sub.1 is a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which are useful as intermediates to make chiral ethyl (5-amino-1,2-dihydro-2-methyl-3-phenylpyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-7-yl)carbamate.

Abstract: Pharmaceutically useful nitrogen containing cyclic oxime and amine substituted compounds are disclosed which are azabicyclo[2.2.2]oximes, azabicyclo[2.2.2]-amines, azabicyclo[3.2.1]oximes and amine containing heterocyclic oximes wherein the heterocyclic ring contains from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Substituted phenoxyhydroxy amines and derivatives thereof are described as well as methods for the preparation and pharmaceutical compositions of same, which are central nervous system agents useful in the treatment of neurological disorders including traumatic brain surgery, stroke, migraine, acute and chronic pain, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotropic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, psychosis, and depression.

Abstract: Chiral compounds useful as radiosensitizers or chemosensitizers having the formula ##STR1## wherein X is halogen or ##STR2## intermediates used to prepare these compounds, and a novel process to prepare these compounds are described.

Abstract: Pharmaceutically useful nitrogen containing cyclic oxime and amine substituted compounds of the formulas I to XVI are disclosed (See specification for definitions of the substituents). Specifically, the compounds are 1-azabicyclo [3.2.1]oximes, 1-azabicyclo[3.3.1]oximes, 1-aza-4-oxobicyclo[3.3.1]oximes, 1-aza-4-oxobicyclo[3.2.

Abstract: A process for purifying pentostatin from a crude fermentation beer comprising the steps of 1) applying the fermentation beer to a strong cation exchange resin; 2) eluting with ammonium hydroxide; 3) concentrating the eluate; 4) applying the concentrated eluate to a strongly basic anion exchange resin charged with borate ion; 5) eluting with water; 6) applying this eluate to styrene-divinylbenzene beads prewashed with ethanol; 7) eluting the beads with water; and 8) recrysllyzing the pentostatin from water and methanol to yield a product that is greater than 99.7% pure.

Abstract: Amide tetrazoles of the formula ##STR1## wherein aryl includes phenyl and naphthyl, unsubstituted or substituted, X is .dbd.O, .dbd.N--R.sub.5, or --NR.sub.3 R.sub.4, where R.sub.2, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 include alkyl and alkoxy and R.sub.3 includes alkyl, are potent inhibitors of the enzyme acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) and are thus useful for treating hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerosis.