Abstract: Normal olefins such as n-butene can be converted to branched species by skeletal isomerization over catalysts containing solid acids prepared by sulfating catalyst precursors containing hydrous metal oxides--e.g., aluminas, silica-aluminas or clays treated with sulfuric acid, metal sulfates, sulfur trioxide or organic sulfates. The catalyst precursors are sulfated sufficiently to produce the desired skeletal isomerization without substantial cracking under suitable isomerization conditions.

Abstract: A catalyt composition for removal of sulfur and nitrogen in the hydroprocessing refinery of hydrocarbon streams. The composition comprises supported molybdenum or tungsten and containing cobalt or nickel. In addition, the presence of a third metal selected from the group consisting of titaniun, zirconium, and hafnium, deposited in a non-aqueous fashion, is provided.

Abstract: A polymeric lubricant additive that behaves as a viscosity index improver and imparts enhanced anti-oxidancy, dispersnacy, and anti-wear properties to said lubricant oil has been prepared. The polymeric substrate is a random co- or terpolyer of ethylene propylene and a third monomer onto which an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or acid anhydride has been grafted. The polymer is imidized with aminoheterocyclics and hydroxylalkylated using an aldehyde or ketone an alkylation; than alkylated using mercaptoheterocyclics.

Abstract: An additive composition comprising a graft and amine-derivatized copolymer prepared from ethylene and at least one C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 alpha-monoolefin and, optionally, a polyene selected from non-conjugated dienes and trienes comprising from about 15 to 80 mole percent of ethylene, from about 20 to 85 mole percent of said C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 alpha-monoolefin and from about 0 to 15 mole percent of said polyene, the copolymer having a number average molecular weight ranging from about 5,500 to about 50,000 and having grafted thereon at least 1.8 molecules of a carboxylic acid acylating function per molecule of the copolymer and reacting the grafted copolymer with an amine substituted phenothiazine to form the grafted and amine-derivatized copolymer, and a lubricating oil composition containing same are provided.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition having improved dispersancy. The dispersant being prepared by coupling two mono- and/or bis-alkenyl succinimides with an aldehyde and thioalkylphenol. The resulting coupled succinimide is then an acylated with an acylating agent to form an acylated Mannich thioalkylphenol coupled mono and/or bis-alkenyl succinimide.

Abstract: A railway diesel crankcase lubricant composition comprising a major portion of a diesel lubricating oil and a minor amount of, as an oxidation and corrosion inhibiting additive, a condensate product prepared by the process comprising:(a) reacting a dibasic acid anhydride with an oligomeric isobutylene to form a succinic anhydride;(b) reacting the succinic anhydride with an N-alkyl alkylene diamine to produce a succinimide-amine;(c) reacting the succinimide-amine with a polyaromatic diisocyanate to produce a phenylurea isocyanophenylmethane;(d) reacting the isocyanophenylmethane with a heterocyclic compound containing a thiadiazole nucleus to a condensation product of a mercaptothiadiazole-phenylmethane; and(e) recovering the condensation product.

Abstract: An improvement in a method of producing an ORI control additive which is the reaction product of a polybutenyl succinic anhydride and a polyoxyalkylene diamine, wherein the improvement comprises reacting solvent free the anhydride and diamine at an increased temperature and monitoring the absorbancy of the reaction product to determine the degree of reaction completion.

Abstract: A polymeric additive prepared from ethylene and at least one (C.sub.3 -C.sub.10) alpha-monoolefin and a non-conjugated dienes or triene comprising from about 15 to 80 mole percent of ethylene and from about 20 to 85 mole percent of the (C.sub.3 -C.sub.10) alpha-monoolefin and from about 0 to 15 mole percent of the diene or triene. This polymeric substrate has a number average molecular weight ranging from about 5,000 to about 500,000. It is modified by reacting the polymer with an unsaturated epoxide wherein the intermediate graft co- or terpolymer is characterized as having pendant epoxides within the substrate.Post-reacting this graft co- or terpolymer with 1,3,4-thiadiazine modified with substituted phenols, diaryl amines, or phenophiazines generates a polymeric lubricant additive with enhanced anti-oxidant, dispersant, and anti-wear properties.

Abstract: A lubricant additive prepared by the method comprising:(a) mixing a polmer consisting of a polymerized ethylene and at least one (C.sub.3 -C.sub.10) alpha-monolefin, with methyl acrylamido-glycolate methyl ether to form poly [(ethylene-c-alpha-mono-olefin) -graft-(methyl acrylamido glycolate methyl ether)];(b) reacting said poly (methyl acrylamido glycolate methyl ether) with an amino aromatic compound to form the corresponding poly [(ethylene-co-alpha monolefin)-graft-(methyl acryl amidoglycolate)] aromatic amide; and(c) recovering said aromatic amide lubricant additive product.

Abstract: A method of making a VI improver is disclosed. The one-step method of this invention includes reacting ethylene, an olefin other than ethylene and N-phenylphenylene methacrylamide in the presence of a cocatalyst system including a combination of a first group and a second group, said first group consisting of triethylaluminum, ethylaluminum, sesquichloride, diethylaluminum chloride, diethylzinc, ethylzinc chloride, triisobutylaluminum and mixtures thereof, and said second group consisting of titanium trichloride, titanium tetrachloride, vanadium tetrachloride, vanadium oxychloride, tetrabutyl titanate and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Multifunctional viscosity index improvers for lubricating oils containing olefin copolymers which have pendant groups derived from vinylbenzyl chloride and N-phenyl-p-phenylene diamine.

Abstract: A method of compatibilization asphaltenes containing bituminous liquids which process comprises:a) reacting an asphaltene with phosphorous trichloride in the presence of a liquid to form a phosphochlorinated asphaltene containing from about 0.01 wt % to about 20 wt. % phosphorous;b) reacting the phosphochlorinated asphaltene with an equimolar amount of aliphatic or aromatic alcohols and phenols selected from the group consisting of:i) an aliphatic alcohol;ii) a naphthyl alcohol;iii) an alkyl quinizarin;iv) an oligomeric mixed polyether aliphatic terminal diol; andv) an oligomeric polyalkene terminal diol to produce a compatibilized asphaltene; andc) recovering the compatibilized asphaltene product.

Abstract: A method of compatibilization asphaltenes containing bituminous liquids which process comprises:a) reacting an asphaltene with phosphorous trichloride to form a phosphochlorinated asphaltene containing from about 0.01 wt % to about 20 wt % phosphorous;b) reacting the phosphochlorinated asphaltene with an equimolar amount of aliphatic or aromatic amines and polyamines selected from the group consisting of:(i) a piperzine;(ii) an aliphatic amine;(iii) an alkyl piperdize;(iv) an aligomeric mixed polyether aliphatic terminal diamine;(v) an oligomeric polyether aliphatic terminal amine;(vi) an oligermic polyether aliphatic terminal triamine;(vii) a substituted aromatic polyether terminal amine; and(viii) an oligomeric or polymeric amine to produce a capatibilized asphaltene; and(c) recovering the asphaltene product.

Abstract: A diesel fuel composition comprising:(a) a major portion of a diesel fuel, and(b) a minor amount, as a diesel fuel injector detergent, of a glycolated Mannich coupled product of bis-polyisobutylene succinimide of a polyamine, prepared by:(i) reacting an alkenylsuccinic acid anhydride with a polyamine to form a bis-succinimide;(ii) treating the bis-succinimide with a phenol in the presence of an aldehyde to form a Mannich phenol coupled bis-succinimide product;(iii) glycolating the Mannich phenol coupled bis-succinimide product with glycolic acid to form a glycolated Mannich phenol coupled bis-succinimide product; and(iv) recovering the glycolated Mannich phenol coupled bis-succinimide product.

Abstract: A method of making a methyl methacrylate-lauryl methacrylate copolymer for use as a non-dispersant, shear stabilizing, wear inhibiting and VI-improving additive in hydraulic fluids and lubricating oils comprises:(a) first reacting a weight ratio of 10-20 parts methyl methacrylate to 80-90 parts lauryl methacrylate in the presence of 1.0-2.0 weight percent of an alkyl mercaptan at a temperature of 150.degree.-200.degree. F.;(b) further reacting the reaction product of step (a) in the presence of 0.01-1.0 weight percent of azobis (isobutyronitrile) catalyst at a temperature of 150.degree.-200.degree. F.; and(c) thereafter heating the reaction product of step (b) at a temperature of 200.degree.-300.degree. F.A concentrate composition comprising a base oil and an effective amount of the methyl methacrylate-lauryl methacrylate copolymer is particularly useful as an additive for use in high-VI hydraulic fluids and lubricating oils.

Abstract: A railway diesel crankcase lubricant composition comprising a major portion of a diesel lubricating oil and a minor amount of, as an oxidation and corrosion inhibiting agent, a condensate product prepared by the process comprising:(a) reacting a dibasic acid anhydride, separately, with:(i) a oligomeric isobutylene, and(ii) 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4,-thiadiazole, to produce, respectively, oligomeric(isobutylene-g-succinic anhydride) and 2-thio-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole) succinic anhydride;(b) reacting both of the succinic anhydrides with pentamethylenediamine to produce the [2-thio-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole)]-[oligomeric(isobutylene-g-succinic )]-pentamethylenetetraamine-bis succinimide product; and(c) recovering the bis-succinimide product.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition having improved dispersancy and antioxidancy. The dispersant being prepared by coupling mono- and/or bis-alkenyl succinimides with an aldehyde and hydroxyaromatic amine. The resulting coupled succinimide is then acylated with an acylating agent to form a Mannich hydroxyaromatic amine coupled acylated mono and/or bis-alkenyl succinimide.

Abstract: Dispersant and antioxidant viscosity index improvers for lubricating oils containing an EPR or EPT polymer onto which has been graft polymerized with vinyl azlactone and thereafter reacted with N-phenyl-p-phenylene diamine.

Abstract: A dispersant and viscosity index improver for lubricating oils containing an EPR or EPT polymer onto which has been free radically grafted an unsaturated urethane or unsaturated urea.

Abstract: Asphaltenes isolated from bituminous products that have been bulk phosphochlorinated using phosphorous trichloride and amidated using aminoacids or aminoacid salts show enhanced dissolution properties when added to bituminous liquids or bituminous liquids blended with gasoline.