Abstract: The invention involves the oligomerization of olefins using a catalyst comprising a composite structure of multiple phases, at least two of which are inorganic crystalline compositions that are contiguous and have a common crystal framework and structure, and at least one of them contains phosphorus and aluminum atoms as part of its crystalline framework structure.

Abstract: Non-zeolitic molecular sieves are prepared by contacting a body of alumina or silica-alumina (optionally containing reactive sources of phosphorus pentoxide and/or other elements desired in the non-zeolitic molecular sieve) with a liquid reaction mixture containing a reactive source of phosphorus pentoxide (and optionally reactive sources of silica and/or other elements desired in the non-zeolitic molecular sieve), and an organic templating agent, thereby causing the body to react with the liquid reaction mixture and to form crystals of the non-zeolitic molecular sieve within the body.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts and their use in catalytic cracking processes are disclosed. The instant catalytic cracking catalysts are useful for cracking a hydrocarbon feedstock to produce lower boiling hydrocarbons. The catalysts comprise an effective amount of at least one non-zeolitic molecular sieve characterized in its calcined form by an adsorption of isobutane of at least 2 percent by weight at a partial pressure of 500 torr and a temperature of 20.degree. C. The non-zeolitic molecular sieve is characterized as containing framework tetrahedral components of aluminum and phosphorus and at least one additional framework tetrahedral component, e.g., the non-zeolitic molecular sieve may be a silicoaluminophosphate as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871.

Abstract: Hydrocracking processes are disclosed using catalysts comprising silicoaluminophosphates of U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871 characterized in the calcined form by an adsorption of oxygen of at least 4 percent by weight at a partial pressure of 100 torr and a temperature of -186.degree. C.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking processes wherein the cracking catalysts are prepared by: (1) contacting a mixture of a large pore zeolite and an inorganic oxide matrix at effective conditions of temperature, pH and time with a fluoro salt; and (2) ammonium exchanging the product of step (1) to provide a catalyst having less than 0.3 percent by weight Na.sub.2 O, based on total catalyst weight, or less than 2.0 percent by weight of the zeolite employed in the catalyst. Optionally, the zeolite used is provided with an effective amount of at least one cation selected from the class consisting of cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, lutetium, gadolinium, terbium dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium and ytterbium.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the binding of certain negatively surface charged molecular sieves to a silica binder is disclosed. As modified, molecular sieves having enhanced binding characteristics are also taught.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking processes utilizing selected specific silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves of U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871. Processes using such catalysts provide product mixtures different from those obtained by use of catalysts based on zeolitic aluminosilicates. In preferred embodiments, SAPO-37 is utilized.

Abstract: A process for the production of an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel/clay composition comprises: (a) combining (1) an acidic, aluminum-containing composition in which the aluminum is present in a positively charged species, and (2) a basic, alkaline earth metal-containing composition to form a gel mixture; (b) mixing the gel with kaolin clay to form a co-gel; and (c) calcining the co-gel mixture to form the alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition in a clay matrix. Alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel/clays having both high surface areas and very high attrition resistance, and processes for using spinel/clay compositions, e.g., as sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide removal agent, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention involves the oligomerization of olefins using a catalyst comprising a composite structure of multiple phases, at least two of which are inorganic crystalline compositions that are contiguous and have a common crystal framework and structure, and at least one of them contains phosphorus and aluminum atoms as part of its crystalline framework structure.

Abstract: Large-pore intercalated clays, for example, smectites, with pillars of aluminum-rare earth element-oxygen oligomers, having unprecedented hydrothermal stability. Product distributions demonstrate desirable synergistic effects (less gas, more gasoline, higher activity) using a mixture of intercalated clay and zeolite.

Abstract: Hydrocracking processes are disclosed using novel catalysts comprising non-zeolitic molecular sieves such as the silicoaluminophosphates of U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871. The products of the instant processes are characterized by higher i-paraffin to n-paraffin ratios.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst comprising a microporous crystalline multi-compositional, multiphase composite of SAPO-37 molecular sieve as a phase thereof in contiguous relationship with a different microporous faujasitic crystalline molecular sieve as another phase thereof. The invention encompasses processes for making the catalyst by hydrothermal crystallization and using the novel catalyst for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) applications.

Abstract: Dewaxing processes for hydrocarbon feedstocks are disclosed using novel catalysts comprising titanoaluminosilicates. The products of the instant dewaxing processes are characterized by lower pour points than the hydrocarbon feedstock.

Abstract: The process for conversion of crude oil feeds in the presence of a silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve of U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871 and/or an aluminophosphate molecular sieve of U.S. Pat. No. 4,310,440.

Abstract: The invention provides petroleum cracking and octane boosting catalysts containing a composite of an intermediate pore NZMS in combination with another non-zeolitic molecular sieve having the same framework structure, and to processes for cracking of petroleum for the purpose of enhancing the octane rating of the gasoline produced.

Abstract: A catalyst for dehydrocyclization is disclosed comprising a Group VIII metal, the zeolite UHP-Y and, optionally, a halogen component. The instant invention provides reforming processes wherein more valuable products are formed that heretofore formed by use of other zeolite-containing catalysts.

Abstract: Cracking catalysts and their use in cracking processes are disclosed. The cracking catalysts are prepared using novel non-zeolitic molecular sieves and, optionally, traditional zeolitic aluminosilicate cracking components.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising at least one metal-containing spinel which includes a first metal and a second metal having a valence higher than the valence of the first metal, a minor amount of at least one third metal component effective to promote the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide at sulfur dioxide oxidation conditions, and a minor amount of at least one fourth metal component effective to promote the reduction of first metal sulfate at first metal sulfate reduction conditions. These compositions are useful, e.g., in hydrocarbon conversion processes, to reduce sulfur oxide and/or nitrogen oxide atmospheric emissions.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts, the process of their preparation and the process of their use. The cracking catalyst comprises a zeolite having a mole ratio of oxides in the dehydrated state of (0.85-1.1) M.sub.2/n O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :xSiO.sub.2 wherein "M" is a cation having a valence of "n", "x" has a value greater than 6.0, has a x-ray powder diffraction pattern having at least the d-spacings of Table A, has extraneous silicon atoms in the crystal lattice in the form of framework SiO.sub.4 tetrahedra and has been thermally treated and/or cation exchanged with a multivalent cation. The catalyst of the instant invention are unique in the fact that the zeolitic aluminosilicate has less than 1.2 weight percent Na.sub.2 O and such is achieved without the requirement of a pre-calcination step.

Abstract: In a catalytic cracking process which includes contacting a hydrocarbon feedstock in a contacting zone in the presence of solid composition containing molecular sieve-containing catalyst capable of promoting hydrocarbon cracking at conditions effective to crack the hydrocarbon feedstock to lower boiling components, the improvement comprising conducting the contacting in the presence of at least one metal component, other than the catalyst, containing calcium and tin. A composition of matter comprising such catalyst and metal component is also disclosed.