Abstract: Uncooked pasta is steamed to obtain a surface-gelatinised pasta which then is contacted with water to obtain a wet pasta, and the wet pasta is steamed to obtain a pasta product which is at least partially cooked. The pasta product may be refrigerated, or may be dried, or may be dried and mixed with water and sauce and then rotary retorted.

Abstract: A soluble coffee is prepared from ground green coffee which is extracted with water, the green extract obtained is dried and green powder obtained by drying is passed into and through a twin-screw extruder, and while the powder is passed through the extruder, the powder is heated in the extruder at a temperature of from 130.degree. C. to 240.degree. C. for up to 5 minutes to obtain a heat-caramelized extrudate product from the extruder, and that product is cooled and thereafter dried and ground to provide a powder-form product. Additionally, obtaining green extracts from low temperature and high temperature split extraction enables separate processing of low and high temperature extracted extracts, and low temperature extracted extracts may be heated in an extruder at a temperature of from 180.degree. C. to 240.degree. C. and high temperature extracted extracts may be heated in an extruder at a temperature of from 130.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. which enables obtaining a balanced product.

Abstract: A meat product is prepared by mixing frozen particles of salami in a brine, a pickle, or a marinade medium to obtain a suspension of the frozen particles in the medium and then the suspension is incorporated into a chilled portioned piece of meat to obtain a meat product containing the suspension.

Abstract: To incorporate water into a chocolate, chocolate and an emulsion or dispersion of a thickening or gelling substance in water, particularly a dispersion of microcrystalline cellulose in water, are introduced into an extruder and mixed and passed to an extruder nozzle so that the chocolate mass extrudate from the nozzle has a temperature of from 0.degree. C. to 28.degree. C.

Abstract: A seasoning composition is prepared by preparing a koji and in the absence of added salt, hydrolyzing the koji in the presence of a culture of lactic acid bacteria at a temperature between 15.degree. C. and 60.degree. C. and at a pH of from 4.5 to 10 for a period of from 6 hours to 28 days, and the seasoning composition is obtained without preparing a moromi. Inoculation with the lactic acid bacteria culture is carried out either in the hydrolysis stage or in the koji preparation stage, and the hydrolysis may be carried out in two stages with the culture present during the first stage and so that the temperature of the first stage hydrolysis is between 20.degree. C. and 60.degree. C. and particularly between 25.degree. C. and 50.degree. C. and so that the second stage temperature is from 2.degree. C. up to 20.degree. C., and the second stage hydrolysis is carried out for at from 12 hours to 25 days and the first and second stage hydrolysis are carried out for a combined time of from 18 hours to 28 days.

Abstract: Edible cups containing an edible filling are prepared by extrusion-cooking ingredients which include a cereal ingredient and extruding an extrusion-cooked product strip, passing the product strip to a heated pressing device for hot-pressing the product strip while it is still thermoplastic to form cavities in the strip which define cup structures in a row and then, incisions are made between the cup structures, a food product filling is introduced into the cup structure cavity and the strip is cut so that filled cups are obtained.

Abstract: An aerated food product useful as a garnish for preparation of composite products, which may include a baked product such as biscuits wherein the food product is positioned between the biscuits. The food product has a crystalline fat structure and is prepared by mixing skimmed milk powder, a sugar and a sugared concentrated milk, mixing a lipid composition with that mixture to obtain a lipid-added mixture containing from 30% to 60% fat and having a dry matter content of from 80% to 90%, wherein the lipid composition has, by weight, at a temperature of 30.degree. C., a solids content of at least 8%, and then while being cooled to an ambient temperature, the lipid-added mixture is kneaded mechanically and injected with an inert gas to obtain the aerated food product.

Abstract: A milk having a formulated lipid composition wherein the lipids are lipids of lactic and vegetable origin which are, by weight, (i) from 30% to 40% milk fat lipids, (ii) from 30% to 40% of a first oil substance which have an oleic acid content in an amount greater than 60%, and (iii) from 1% to 30% of oil substance which provide n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and so that triglyceride fatty acids of the lipids comprise 20% to 40% saturated fatty acids of lactic origin, 35% to 60% monounsaturated fatty acids, and 15% to 30% of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated in a ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids of from 5:1 to 10:1.

Abstract: A mayonnaise-like emulsion product has a component composition which includes edible oil, sugar and salt components, first and second emulsifier components and an acetic acid or vinegar component and by weight, the oil component is in an amount of from 55% to 85%, the sugar component is in an amount of at least 1%, the salt component is in an amount of at least 0.5% and the acetic acid or vinegar component is in an amount of from 0.1% to 20% so that the emulsion has a pH of from 2 to 5, the first emulsifier component being soya protein, pea protein, skimmed milk powder, buttermilk and/or casein, and wherein heat denaturable proteins of the first emulsifier are denatured to a degree of denaturation between 70% and 80%, and the second emulsifier component being a monoglyceride, an ethoxylated monoglyceride, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan, glycerin, a fatty acid monoester and/or a fatty acid diester.

Abstract: A water-soluble carmelized chicory product has a composition which includes, by weight, an inulin content between 40% and 65%, a reducing sugar content between 4% and 10% and a combination of fructose and glucose of less than 5% and which provides a depth of color, as described below, between 1.0 and 2.5. The product is prepared by extracting kiln-dried chicory with water to obtain an extract or by pressing chicory root to obtain an extract, the extract is heated in a tubular extractor to hydrolyze a part of the extract inulin content to increase extract reducing sugar content, the heat-treated extract is dried to obtain a powder, the powder is passed through an extruder and subjected to a temperature between 180.degree. C. and 250.degree. C. to obtain a caramelized product, and the carmelized product is cooled and then ground to obtain the water-soluble chicory product.

Abstract: A flavorant agent is prepared by incubating a medium of baker's yeast, elemental sulfur and a reducing sugar to obtain a reaction medium from which hydrogen sulfide gas evolves and then the reaction medium is treated with heat to obtain the flavorant agent. A further flavorant agent is obtained by separating the supernatant of the reaction medium from reaction medium residue, and the reaction medium or supernatant may be mixed with a flavor precursor material and heated to obtain a flavorant composition.

Abstract: A cartridge which contains a substance for preparation of a beverage and for use for preparation of the beverage. The cartridge has a base, a wall, a rim and a cover. The wall extends from the base to form a cup shape which is substantially a frustum shape, the rim extends from the wall and has a diameter greater than the base and the cover is welded to the rim to contain the substance in the cartridge. The base further has sheared areas thinned, with respect to a base remainder, which extend to define arrangements which are spiral, substantially sinusoidal portions, radial segments and concentric arcs of a circle and which, along a line of each sheared area to define thickness, have a thickness which varies along the line, the sheared areas providing, upon extraction of the substance in the cartridge under pressure, openings through the base for filtering and obtaining the beverage.

Abstract: Plant tissues which have been cultured in vitro are packaged with a nutritive medium for survival of the tissues in a sealed sterile container and with support members so that the plant tissues are positioned between surfaces of the support members. The support members have opposing surfaces for supporting the tissues and for support by a surface of the container and are made of a material suitable for being impregnated by the nutritive medium, and the container has a surface sized suitably for supporting the surface of the support member. At the time of packaging, at least one of the two support members is impregnated with the nutritive medium in an amount so that the tissues attach, by capillarity, to one surface of the at least one impregnated support member and so that the opposing surface of the at least one impregnated support member, when packaged, attaches, by capillarity, to the container surface.

Abstract: A food gel composition is obtained by preparing an aqueous sol of lactoserum proteins and a polysaccharide so that, by weight based upon the sol weight, the lactoserum proteins are in an amount of from 5% to 15% and so that the polysaccharide is in an amount of from 0.05% to 0.25%, and then the sol is subjected to a hydrostatic pressure of from 200 MPa to 800 MPa for from 1 minute to 20 minutes.

Abstract: A food product is prepared by mixing (i) a native starch having, by weight, an amylose content of from about 10% to 30%, (ii) a lipid emulsifier which complexes amylose and (iii) water to obtain a dispersion, heating the dispersion first at a temperature below a gelatinization temperature of the amylose for a time for complexing the amylose and emulsifier and then at a temperature to gelatinize the starch and obtain a heated dispersion of intact swollen starch granules and the heated dispersion is cooled to obtain a food product having intact swollen starch granules. The native starch is employed in an amount of between 5% and 30% by weight based upon water weight and the emulsifier is employed in an amount of between 5% and 15% by weight based upon amylose content weight. The food product has a complex viscosity at 0.4 Hz of between 200 Pa.s. and 700 Pa.s.

Abstract: A composition which has a texture like mayonnaise but which has less or no edible oil is prepared with water and vinegar and less than 20% oil and by weight, yoghurt in an amount of from about 5% to 50% and carrageenan in an amount of from 0.03% to 1%. The composition also may include a starch, particularly, a hydroxypropyl or acetylated starch, and further, particularly when starch is present, the composition also may include a non-gelling hydrocolloid such as xanthan.

Abstract: A granular food product for preparation of instant foods is prepared by mixing an oil or fat with an edible carbohydrate and/or protein powder materials to obtain a first mixture, and then further edible carbohydrate and/or protein powder materials are mixed with the first mixture to obtain a second mixture which is powdery or dough-like and that mixture is formed into granules by moistening and particle-to-particle contacting, and then the granules are dried.

Abstract: A milk substitute composition is prepared with whey solids or whey solids and added lactose by dissolving a whey solids powder in an aqueous medium containing calcium sequestering agent and carrageenate components at a temperature of approximately from 30.degree. C. to 65.degree. C. and then, in a second step, at the same temperature, a skimmed milk solids powder is dissolved in the whey-containing medium, and before and/or after dissolving the skimmed milk solids powder, the whey solids are allowed to soak in the aqueous liquid phase of the composition so prepared for from 10 minutes to 4 hours for hydrating the whey solids. When lactose is used, the amount of whey solids powder employed may be reduced by about half.

Abstract: Shaped articles of fat-containing confectionery material are formed by extruding a fat-based confectionery material under pressure so that it passes to and through a flow-constriction and a die so that the material subjected to extrusion and the extrudate from the die are in a non-pourable state and so that the material subjected to extrusion plastically deforms and so that the extrudate is plastically deformable, and then while the extrudate is plastically deformable, extrudate is placed in a molding tool and pressed to shape an article which then is demolded, or extrudate is fed to a nip of counter-rotating rollers having depressions which upon passage of the extrudate in the nip between the rollers shape the extrudate.

Abstract: Particles which provide a foodstuff binding agent which is dispersible in hot water and hot milk have a farinaceous or proteinaceous material core, an emulsifier coating layer about the core and a fat coating layer about the emulsifier layer, the emulsifier being, in particular, a phospholipid or a sucroglyceride and the fat being one which has a melting point of above 35.degree. C. The particles are prepared by dissolving an emulsifier in an apolar lipid composition, including a liquid oil, and spraying the lipid composition containing the emulsifier onto farinaceous and/or protein particles to coat the particles and thereafter, (a) melting an edible fat and spraying the melted fat onto the coated particles to coat the emulsifier-coated particles with the fat or and then, cooling the twice-coated particles, or (b) combining a ground particulate fat with the coated particles and coating the coated particles with the fat in the solid state.