Abstract: A method is disclosed for solvent-extracting an extractable component from a mixture including the extractable component and subdivided solids, comprising:(a) maintaining a vertically extending bed comprising said solids in a vertically extending extraction zone and introducing said mixture into an upper portion of said bed;(b) providing a substantially continuous gaseous phase in contact with a lower portion of said bed;(c) maintaining a substantially continuous liquid phase comprising a vaporizable liquid solvent in contact with at least a lower part of an upper portion of said bed;(d) introducing said solvent into said liquid phase at at least two vertically spaced levels of said liquid phase;(e) extracting said extractable component from said mixture with said solvent;(f) withdrawing said solvent and said extractable component from said liquid phase between said two vertically spaced levels;(g) preventing said liquid phase from flowing downwardly through said lower portion of said bed by maintaining said

Abstract: Conversion of a hydrocarbon feed containing a catalyst-deactivating component in a riser FCC cracking system can be increased by employing a baffle in the lower part of the riser to exclude a portion of the upwardly flowing catalyst from initial contact with feed hydrocarbons containing the catalyst-deactivating component. Part of the catalyst flowing upwardly through the riser thereby is excluded from contact with the catalyst-deactivating component until the catalyst-deactivating component has been at least partially removed from the resulting hydrocarbonaceous vapor by deposition on another portion of the upwardly flowing catalyst.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for disposing of an aqueous solution of radioactive nuclides, in which the solution is diluted with formation water recovered from a subsea reservoir in a porous geological formation and, after dilution, the dilute solution is injected into the same subsea geological formation.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting hydrocarbons with a particulate catalyst containing a crystalline solid which has pore openings and maximum cage dimensions of 5.5-7.0 Angstroms; an active metal with both dehydrogenation activity and oxidation activity is disposed within the interior of crystals of the crystalline solid; the catalyst is cycled between a reactor and a regenerator, and the active metal is used for (1) selectively dehydrogenating paraffins and aromatizing aliphatics in the reaction zone while large-diameter coke-forming hydrocarbons are inhibited from contacting the metal, (2) facilitating catalyst regeneration by accelerating combustion of carbon from within the pores of the crystalline solid in the regenerator, so as to assure very low residual carbon levels within the crystalline solid in regenerated catalyst; and (3) oxidizing carbon monoxide in the regenerator to make available additional heat to compensate for endothermic conversion reactions in the cracking reactor.

Abstract: Sulfur oxides are removed from flue gas in a catalyst regenerator in a fluid catalyst cracking system while liquid-hydrocarbon product yield from the system is maintained at a high level by heating a nonzeolitic, silica-containing catalyst to 800.degree.-1500.degree. F.; impregnating 0.1 to 25 weight percent aluminum onto the catalyst particles; and cycling the resulting particles through the cracking reactor and catalyst regenerator in the cracking system, the impregnated catalyst being particularly adaptable for cracking heavy, metals-containing feeds such as residua.

Abstract: In recovering bitumen from tar sand by separation using an aqueous liquid, contamination of the aqueous phase with dispersed, finely divided solids is prevented by a mild heat treatment of the bituminous sand to reduce its water content before the sand is contacted with the aqueous liquid.

Abstract: Coke-containing catalyst is regenerated in a three-stage system to provide complete coke removal while avoiding carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides contamination of the flue gas formed in burning the coke.

Abstract: Fine particulate solids are removed from aqueous liquid previously employed in processing manganese nodules by subjecting the liquid to high gradient magnetic separation.

Abstract: Coke is removed from particulate catalyst by passing coke-containing catalyst downwardly through a regenerator without backmixing, in a countercurrent flow with respect to a regeneration gas having a limited free-oxygen content, so that nitrogen oxides are reacted to form free nitrogen in a substantially oxygen-free atmosphere in an intermediate level of the regenerator, and carbon monoxide formed in the intermediate level is burned in contact with coke-free catalyst with additional oxygen introduced into an upper level of the regenerator.

Abstract: A feed-effluent heat exchanger in a sour water stripping system having sour water stripping means, sour water storage means, and a stripper feed-effluent heat exchanger, is cleaned when the stripped water pathway in the heat exchanger becomes fouled, by passing sour water having a pH of greater than 8 from the storage means through the stripped water pathway in the exchanger at a temperature of at least 70.degree. F., and returning the sour water to the sour water storage means.

Abstract: An energy efficient design of fractionation column in which the liquid at the column bottom must be cooled to prevent thermal degradation, the column being provided with a perforated annular baffle through which liquid from the lowermost tray is channeled to the outlet of the column bottom, while a body of cooler recycled liquid is maintained in the column bottom outside of said baffle.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for cracking hydrocarbons with a faujasite-type zeolite catalyst, in which the catalyst is rejuvenated by ion-exchange with rare earth metal cations to restore its activity.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for cracking hydrocarbons by contacting the hydrocarbons with a catalyst composition comprising dispersed rods of fibrous form sepiolite and an inorganic oxide gel for binding the sepiolite rods.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method for the recovery and transportation of the chemical and energy value of light hydrocarbons. Light, normally gaseous hydrocarbons are converted to methanol and mixed with a viscous hydrocarbon for transport in a pipeline.

Abstract: A process for cracking hydrocarbons is disclosed in which catalyst particles are regenerated in two stages, the first employing an entrained bed of upwardly moving catalyst in cocurrent flow with regeneration gas, and the second employing a fluidized bed of catalyst in net downward movement countercurrent to regeneration gases.

Abstract: Removal of sulfur oxides from cracking catalyst regenerator flue gas using particulate alumina is enhanced by employing a zeolitic cracking catalyst containing little or no silica in the catalyst matrix.

Abstract: In removing sulfur oxides from flue gas in a cracking catalyst regenerator in the presence of a silica-containing particulate catalyst by reacting the sulfur oxides with alumina in a particulate solid other than the catalyst, activity loss in the alumina as a result of migration of silica from the catalyst particles to the alumina-containing particles is decreased by using alumina-containing particles which contain sodium, manganese or phosphorus.

Abstract: A process is provided for adsorbing sulfur dioxide impurity from an impure gas and producing a hydrogen sulfide-rich gas. In the process, a first adsorbate containing oxidized sulfur is produced by contacting the impure gas with an adsorbent comprising a composite of an alumina support and sodium and vanadium oxides. A second adsorbate containing reduced sulfur is produced by contacting said first adsorbate with carbon monoxide. A gas rich in hydrogen sulfide is then produced by contacting said second adsorbate with water vapor at a temperature in the range 120.degree. C. to 815.degree. C.

Abstract: Removal of hydrogen sulfide from gases using iron oxide-containing solids is improved by introducing a liquid containing a primary or secondary amine into the iron oxide-containing solids.

Abstract: An improved catalyst, having a reduced fouling rate when used in a catalytic reforming process, said catalyst comprising platinum disposed on an alumina support wherein the alumina support is obtained by removing water from aluminum hydroxide produced as a by-product from a Ziegler higher alcohol synthesis reaction, and wherein the alumina is calcined at a temperature of 1100.degree.-1400.degree. F. so as to have a surface area of 165 to 215 square meters per gram.