Abstract: A process for hydroprocessing a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock containing constituents boiling above 350.degree. C. comprises contacting said feedstock with hydrogen under hydroprocessing conditions with a catalyst composition comprising a rigidly interconnected pack containing inorganic matrix oxide and about 10-95% fluid catalytic cracking catalyst microspheroids, based upon the total weight of said matrix oxide and said microspheroids, said pack characterized by a pore volume of at least 0.15 cc. per cc., at least about 30% of said pore volume present as pores having diameters within the range of 50-250 Angstroms and at least about 5% of said pore volume present as pores having diameters greater than 1,000 Angstroms.

Abstract: A petroleum distillate feed is upgraded and an olefinic product is produced by contacting the feed with ZSM-5-type zeolite at (1) a temperature in the 500.degree. F.-800.degree. F. range; (2) a pressure below about 13 atmospheres gauge; and (3) an LHSV in the 0.1-15 V/V/Hr range.

Abstract: A process for catalytically cracking a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock employing a dual component catalyst. The process is conducted under catalytic cracking conditions, preferably in a single stage, in the absence of added hydrogen. The dual component catalyst composition comprises a crystalline chromia silicate component and a large pore size crystalline aluminosilicate cracking component.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing stable lubricant oil stocks, comprising hydrocracking a hydrocarbonaceous feed to produce a hydrocrackate having a total nitrogen content of less than about 10 ppm by weight, followed by dewaxing and stabilizing the hydrocrackate.

Abstract: A process for catalytically cracking a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock employing a dual component catalyst. The process is conducted under catalytic cracking conditions, preferably in a single stage, in the absence of added hydrogen. The dual component catalyst composition comprises an essentially alumina-free crystalline silicate component and a large pore size crystalline alumino-silicate cracking component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a three-stage process for liquefying coal. In the process, subdivided coal is slurried with a hydrogen-lean hydrogen-donor solvent and passed through a dissolving zone at a temperature in the range 400.degree. to 480.degree. C. and at a space velocity in the range 2 to 150 hrs..sup.-1 to substantially dissolve said coal. The effluent from the dissolver is stabilized with a hydrogen-rich hydrogen-donor solvent in a stabilization zone at a temperature in the range of 400.degree. to 440.degree. C. and at a space velocity in the range 1 to 12 hrs..sup.-1 to partially hydrogenate the dissolved coal. A portion of the effluent from the stabilizer is recycled for use as hydrogen-lean hydrogen-donor solvent and the remainder is passed to a catalytic reaction stage operating under hydrocracking conditions to produce the net product and hydrogen-rich hydrogen-donor solvent.

Abstract: A shaped catalyst and methods of use are provided. The catalyst has substantially the shape of a cylinder having a plurality of longitudinal channels extending radially from the circumference of the cylinder and defining protrusions therebetween, said protrusions having a maximum width greater than the maximum width of the channels.

Abstract: An improved coal liquefaction process is disclosed wherein subdivided coal is substantially dissolved in a solvent in the presence of added hydrogen, thereby forming a mixture of dissolved coal, solvent and insoluble solids, and said mixture is passed through a guard bed of solid porous contact material, such as alumina, in the presence of hydrogen, to deposit titanium, iron and calcium from the mixture prior to hydrocracking.

Abstract: Disclosed is a three-stage process for liquefying coal in which a coal-solvent slurry is sequentially passed through a first dissolving stage and two catalytic reaction stages in series. The first catalytic reaction stage contains a catalyst having a selectivity for converting heptane insolubles to lower molecular weight compounds and a portion of the effluent from said stage is recycled for use as solvent in the dissolver. The second catalytic reactor is operated under hydrocracking conditions.

Abstract: A process for cracking hydrocarbons is disclosed in which catalyst particles are regenerated in two stages, the first employing an entrained bed of upwardly moving catalyst in cocurrent flow with regeneration gas, and the second employing a fluidized bed of catalyst in net downward movement countercurrent to regeneration gases.

Abstract: A porous sulfur sorbent is disclosed which has principal use in desulfurizing reformer feedstreams. The sorbent is prepared by peptizing alumina with acid and mulling the peptized alumina with a copper compound to form an extrudable dough. The dough is extruded, dried and impregnated with additional copper. The resulting sorbent has a higher capacity for adsorbing sulfur compounds than conventional prior art materials.

Abstract: Removal of sulfur oxides from cracking catalyst regenerator flue gas using particulate alumina is enhanced by employing a zeolitic cracking catalyst containing little or no silica in the catalyst matrix.

Abstract: Disclosed is a two-stage process for the production of clean liquid hydrocarbons from coal. In the process subdivided coal is dissolved in a process derived solvent at a temperature in the range 425.degree. C.-480.degree. C. The dissolver effluent is passed through a catalytic reactor operating under hydrocracking conditions, including a temperature in the range 340.degree. C.-400.degree. C. to produce normally liquid products and recycle solvent. The solvent is further cooled to precipitate unconverted heptane insolubles prior to recycle to the dissolution stage.

Abstract: Control method and apparatus for optimizing the operation of a natural draft combustion zone through which a conduit containing a process fluid to be heated passes, by decreasing the supply of combustion air until one or more of the following predetermined limiting conditions is reached: maximum CO in the flue gas, minimum O.sub.2 in flue gas, minimum draft in the combustion zone, maximum temperature of the outer surface of said conduit, and increase in the rate of fuel addition above a minimum amount. When a limiting condition is reached, the supply of combustion air is increased until the limiting condition is no longer present, and the cycle then repeated.

Abstract: In removing sulfur oxides from flue gas in a cracking catalyst regenerator in the presence of a silica-containing particulate catalyst by reacting the sulfur oxides with alumina in a particulate solid other than the catalyst, activity loss in the alumina as a result of migration of silica from the catalyst particles to the alumina-containing particles is decreased by using alumina-containing particles which contain sodium, manganese or phosphorus.

Abstract: A petroleum distillate feed is upgraded and a substantial C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 olefin product fraction produced by contacting the feed with ZSM-5 type zeolite at (1) a temperature in the 500.degree.-800.degree. F. range, (2) a pressure below about 13 atmospheres gauge, and (3) an LHSV in the 0.1-15 V/V/Hr range, and fractionating the effluent product stream.

Abstract: A catalyst support comprised of alumina and silica is disclosed having a mean pore radius ranging from about 65 to about 130 Angstroms, a total pore volume from about 0.75 to about 1.3 ml/g and a total surface area ranging from about 150 to 300 m.sup.2 /g. The support may be prepared by peptizing and mulling a mixture of alpha alumina monohydrate with a fumed silica, neutralizing the mixture; extruding the neutralized mixture and drying and calcining same.

Abstract: Removal of hydrogen sulfide from gases using iron oxide-containing solids is improved by introducing a liquid containing a primary or secondary amine into the iron oxide-containing solids.