Abstract: A process and apparatus for an electrostatic spray coating operation wherein liquid overspray in the spray coating operation is collected and drained onto a workpiece support. The overspray is then removed from the workpiece support by a squeegee blade wherein the collected overspray is drained into a sump. From the sump, the spray, and optionally with makeup liquid, is recycled to the spray head.

Abstract: Hydrophilic polymeric soft contact lenses which are characterized by their biocompatibility and resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption. At least 75%, preferably at least 80%, of the prepolymers from which the lenses are prepared are isocyanate-capped oxyethylene-based diols or polyols having molecular weight of about 7000-30,000. Essentially all of the hydroxyl groups of the diols or polyols are capped with polyisocyanate prior to formation of the hydrated polymer of which the contact lenses are made.

Abstract: Novel polyurethane formulations especially useful as membranes for the protection of bridge deckings. The polyurethane is prepared by mixing two components, A and B. Component A comprises castor oil, a low molecular weight polyol having a molecular wieght between 92 and about 200, preferably with an elastomer. Component B is a modified MDI, being either (i) a mix of 4,4'- and 2,4'-isomers of diphenylmethane diisocyanate or (ii) a diphenylmethane diisocyanate and its reaction product with a low molecular weight poly(oxyalkylene).

Abstract: Novel polyurethane formulations especially useful as membranes of the protection of bridge deckings. The polyurethane is prepared by mixing two components, A and B. Component A comprises castor oil modified with a ketone-formaldehyde condensate and also preferably contains an elastomer. Component B is a modified MDI, being a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and its reaction product with a low molecular weight poly(oxyalkylene).

Abstract: 1-Cyanoethylimidazoles are hydrogenated to provide the correspondng 1-aminopropylimidazoles, e.g., an ethanol solution of 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole is hydrogenated at 1000 psi using Raney nickel catalyst to prepare 1-aminpropyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, useful as an intermediate in the preparation of epoxy accelerators.

Abstract: Two-component polyol/polyisocyanate composition especially useful as an abrasion-, heat-, and corrosion-resistant automotive undercoating. The polyol component comprises glycerol, a polypropylene oxide glycol, and a polypropylene oxide triol. The polyisocyanate component comprises MDI (diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate), plus a poly(oxypropylene) glycol capped with MDI.

Abstract: A two-component material based on curable prepolymers and conventional additives is described which, unlike conventional two-component materials, contains hardenable prepolymer in both individual components, the prepolymer in the first component being a polyurethane prepolymer with free NCO-groups and the prepolymer in the second component is a polymer with free SH-groups. The first component contains curing agent and optionally accelerator for the polymer with free SH-groups and the second component contains curing agent and optionally accelerator for the polyurethane prepolymer with free NCO-groups. Through the use of two prepolymers, the two components of the two-component material can be used in a volume ratio favorable for practical purposes. It is also possible to set the viscosity and density of the two individual components to roughly the same values, so that no problems are caused when mixing the two components.

Abstract: Synthesis of phenylserine ester (a) via benzaldehyde and glycine ester using serine hydroxymethyltransferase; and (b) via methyl benzoylacetate. Synthesis of hydroxy-aspertame or derivative by enzymatic coupling of phenylserine or derivative with aspertic acid or derivative. Hydrogenation of the coupled product to give as final product aspertame or analog with related processes and products.

Abstract: The accumulation of scale in an aqueous system is inhibited by the addition of a copolymer of maleic acid or anhydride or fumaric acid and allyl sulfonic acid and a water soluble organic phosphonic acid such as aminotri(methylene phosphonic acid), ethylenediaminetetra(methylene phosphonic acid), hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid and 2-phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid-1,2,4 or water soluble salts thereof. Scale can actually be removed by the addition of these materials to pressurized boiler water systems. Allyl or vinyl copolymers, a phosphonate, and optionally a water soluble, hardness precipitating agent such as a carbonate or a phosphate may be used when treating pressurized boilers to provide an in-service cleaning effect.

Abstract: A composition containing a hydroxylamine compound; a quinone, a dihydroxybenzene, a diaminobenzene, or an aminohydroxybenzene compound; and a neutralizing amine is an excellent oxygen scavenger and corrosion inhibitor in boiler water and other aqueous systems.

Abstract: The accumulation of scale in an aqueous system is inhibited by the addition of a copolymer of maleic acid or anhydride or fumaric acid and allyl sulfonic acid and a water soluble organic phosphonic acid such as aminotri(methylene phosphonic acid), ethylenediaminetetra(methylene phosphonic acid), hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid and 2-phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid-1,2,4 or water soluble salts thereof. Scale can actually be removed by the addition of these materials to pressurized boiler water systems. Allyl or vinyl copolymers, a phosphonate, and optionally a water soluble, hardness precipitating agent such as a carbonate or a phosphate may be used when treating pressurized boilers to provide an in-service cleaning effect.

Abstract: A process for inhibiting the corrosion of iron based metals in contact with aqueous systems by incorporating in the aqueous system an effective amount of a composition comprising an inorganic phosphate and a water soluble organic copolymer of acrylamido-sulfonic acid monomers with vinyl carboxylic acid monomers.

Abstract: The accumulation of scale in an aqueous system is inhibited by the addition of a composition comprising a copolymer of maleic acid or anhydride and vinyl sulfonic acid and an organic phosphonate such as aminotri(methylene phosphonic acid), hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, or a water soluble salt thereof.

Abstract: A composition capable of imparting pseudoplasticity and fluid loss control properties to aqueous systems. The composition is formed from a combination of:(a) a hydroxy containing aluminum component and(b) a reaction product of a polyaldehyde and a polyvinyl alcohol, said polyaldehyde present in from 0.01 to 0.1 percent of stoichiometry;wherein the amount of component (a) to component (b) is in the weight ratio capable of directly forming, when mixed with sufficient water, an aqueous system having from about 0.5 to 10 weight percent of component (a) and from about 0.3 to 5 weight percent of component (b) based on the weight of the water of the system.The invention is further directed to improved drilling fluids containing said composition and to the process of drilling bore holes using said improved fluid.

Abstract: Use of reverse flotation for phosphate rock ore treatment, wherein starch is added first to depress phosphate rock particles, followed by addition of cationic reagent, e.g., amine to float the silica. Phosphate rock is recovered as sink concentrate and silica is recovered as float tailings.

Abstract: An inorganic foam formed by initially mixing particulate aluminum with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal base for a time sufficient to at least initially cause the formation of hydrogen gases therefrom, folding the mixture into an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution in a manner to substantially retain concentrated areas of the mixture in the silicate solution for a time sufficient to allow a substantial amount of the theoretical hydrogen gas to form, then thoroughly mixing the materials to form a solid inorganic foam.

Abstract: A protein which can be an enzyme is immobilized by: (a) admixing the protein and an isocyanate-capped liquid polyurethane prepolymer in the absence of water to form a resulting mixture (an intermediate product); and (b) forming the intermediate product by reacting it with water to form a polyurethane foam comprising the immobilized enzyme. When certain proteins in sufficient amount are mixed with the prepolymer in the absence of water the resultant protein prepolymer mixture will solidify to produce a solid non-foamed product containing a protein immobilized therein. Initially mixing the protein and prepolymer in the absence of water results in immobilization of a substantially greater amount of protein than when water is present.

Abstract: A drying system wherein fluid is contacted with a bed of dielectric absorbent particles, preferably zeolite molecular sieve particles, to sorb an adsorbable component such as water, from the fluid. The improved system includes means for reactivating the moisture saturated bed by directly applying to the zeolite particles a high voltage electrical field having sufficient potential gradient (e.g., 0.2 to 500 Kv/cm) to separate substantially all of the sorbed moisture as molecular water. Direct current or low frequency (0-10.sup.3 H.sub.z) is employed. In the preferred embodiments the molecular sieve bed comprises synthetic crystalline metal alumino silicate zeolite particles such as powder having an average particle size of about 1 .mu. to 10 .mu. or larger 4 to 12 mesh bonded particles (e.g. 1000 .mu. to 5000 .mu.). The electro-desorption process is advantageous in that the amount of time and energy consumed in regenerating the bed is less than that required for conventional regeneration procedures.

Abstract: A crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica/alumina ratio of about 2 to 4 and a unique crystal structure is produced by having potassium ions and vanadia ions present in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Sucrose yield of sugarcane is increased by treating sugarcane a few weeks prior to harvest with ammonium isobutyrate as a sugarcane ripening agent.