Abstract: A liquid crystal (LC) lens structure and a method of driving same are disclosed. The LC lens structure includes an upper substrate, a lower substrate, a liquid crystal and polymer composite film, and an LC layer. The upper substrate is provided with a first conducive layer and a first alignment layer; and the lower substrate is provided with a second conductive layer and a second alignment layer. The liquid crystal and polymer composite film is arranged at one side of the first alignment layer to form a first lens, and the LC layer is arranged between the liquid crystal and polymer composite film and the second alignment layer to form a second lens. By building the liquid crystal and polymer composite film in the LC lens structure, it is able to realize an LC lens with low operating voltage and large focusing range.

Abstract: A method for generating an auto-adaptive baseline model for profiling the individual and collective behavior of a plurality of users in a network is provided. The method comprises the steps of creating a model, defining a plurality of members and a plurality of collective variables, each member corresponding to a user, and including a plurality of individual variables, defining conditions for each collective variable and individual variable, upon detecting an activity by a user, updating corresponding individual variables and collective variables, comparing updated individual variables and collective variables against corresponding conditions. If condition is met, an alert event is issued to notify designated personnel; otherwise, returning to the step of upon detecting activity. Finally, upon receiving an alert event, the designated personnel decides whether to manually redefine the conditions or to ignore the alert event.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for DC voltage measurement. First, an input DC voltage is received. A temporary disturbance signal is then added to the input DC voltage to obtain a disturbed signal, wherein an amplitude of the temporary disturbance signal is greater than precision level of an analog-to-digital converter. The disturbed signal is then converted from analog to digital with the analog-to-digital converter to obtain a plurality of samples with different values. An average value is then derived from the samples. Finally, the average value is output as a measurement value of the input DC voltage.

Abstract: A current-sense amplifier with low-offset adjustment and a low-offset adjustment method thereof are disclosed. The current-sense amplifier includes a sensing unit, an equalizing unit and a bias compensation unit. The sensing unit includes a sense amplifier, a latch circuit, a first precharged bit line, and a second precharged bit line. The equalizing unit is electrically connected to the first and the second precharged bit line for regulating a voltage of the first precharged bit line and a voltage of the second precharged bit line to the same electric potential. The bias compensation unit is electrically connected to the sense amplifier for compensating an input offset voltage of the current-sense amplifier.

Abstract: A flip-flop circuit includes a D flip-flop and a leakage current suppression circuit. The D flip-flop receives an input signal and a clock signal, and outputs a voltage of the input signal at a rising or falling edge of the clock signal as an output signal. The leakage current suppression circuit detects an output error caused by the leakage current flowing through at least a floating node of the D flip-flop and compensates for the leakage current to correct the output error. The leakage current suppression circuit includes a detection circuit and a compensation circuit. The detection circuit receives the output signal and clock signal and detects whether the output error has occurred to generate a detection result. The compensation circuit compensates for the leakage current according to the detection result to correct the output error.

Abstract: An artificial knee joint includes a four-bar linkage, an extension bar having a first end pivotally connected to the four-bar linkage, and a restoring device connected to a bottom of the four-bar linkage and comprising a transmission rod having a first end pivotally connected to and retractably moving a second end of the extension bar. The four-bar linkage includes a first, second, third, and fourth connecting bar, any two adjacent connecting bars of which are connected together by their respective pivot axles. When the four-bar linkage is moved to a locked state, a specific included angle is defined between any two adjacent straight lines joining adjacent pivot axles of the four-bar linkage. While walking, an artificial leg of an artificial limb using the artificial knee joint does not produce unexpected wobbles in the swing phase, and the artificial limb can provide enough support in the stance phase.

Abstract: A fixing structure for the sensor of a ceiling fan is disclosed. The stator of the ceiling fan has several coil arms in equal spacing for field coils to wind around. A magnetic pole spacer is formed between each adjacent two coil arms. The magnetic pole spacer has a supporting base for the disposition of a sensor to sense the position of the rotor.

Abstract: The pair of eyeglasses includes at least a lens, at least a frame, at least a pair of catching elements and at least a pair of temples. The lens is provided with at least a pair of extension portions respectively disposed in the left and right opposite ends, and each extension portion is provided with at least a pair of fixing pillars. The frame is provided with at least an upper groove in the upper elongated rim, at least a lower groove in the nose portion and at least a pair of inlaid blocks respectively disposed on the left and right opposite ends. One end of each catching element is coupled to each extension portion of the lens for each pair of fixing pillars in each extension portion to be caught in, and an opposite end is connected with one end of each temple, so as for the assembly of the lens, frame and temples to be completed in a simpler and fast way.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a LED controlling driver comprising light emitting diodes and a detection-control module and a power supply unit in addition to the light source. The detection-control module includes a power/blinking control unit and a LED driver IC. The power supply unit outputs power to the light source and the detection-control module and provides different switching information so that the LED drive unit of the detection-control module is controlled by power/blinking control signals. Further, a power switch enables the power supply unit to output the corresponding switching information to the detection-control module based on switching actions inputted by a user so that the user only needs to simply switch the power switch to achieve the goal of switching power levels or blinking states of the LED.

Abstract: A low dropout regulator having a power transistor, a current-voltage converting circuit, a current variation sensing circuit and a compensation circuit is provided. The power transistor has a power terminal receiving an input voltage, a control terminal, and an output terminal coupled to the current-voltage converting circuit to generate an output voltage. The current variation sensing circuit provides a first and a second output terminal and, according to a current variation of the power transistor, the first and second output terminals vary with distinct voltage transition speeds. The compensation circuit controls the control terminal of the power transistor to adjust the output voltage according to a first voltage difference between a feedback of the output voltage and a reference voltage and a second voltage difference between the second and first output terminals of the current variation sensing circuit.

Abstract: A method for operating a non-volatile memory is provided. The non-volatile memory includes a plurality of physical blocks having a plurality of data blocks and spare blocks. An index is obtained by comparing an average erase count of selected physical blocks with a first threshold. Each erase count for each physical block is the total number of the erase operations performed thereon. A performance capability status for the memory is determined according to the index. The performance capability status is set to a first status when the average erase count exceeds the first threshold. An indication is generated based on the performance capability status. A limp function is performed in response to the first status for configuring a minimum number of the at least some spare blocks reserved and used for data update operations.

Abstract: A voltage converter for converting an input voltage into an output voltage, wherein the output voltage is output to a load, is provided. An inductor is coupled between an output terminal and a node. A transistor is coupled between an input terminal and the node. A pulse width modulation (PWM) controller generates a first control signal according to the output voltage and a first reference voltage. An amplifier generates a second control signal according to the output voltage and a second reference voltage. A detector detects a loading of the load to generate a switching signal. A switching circuit selectively couples one of the PWM controller and the amplifier to the transistor according to the switching signal. The switching circuit controls the transistor according to the second control signal when the amplifier is coupled to the transistor, such that the transistor is operated in a saturation region.

Abstract: This present invention provides a portable navigation apparatus with a refueling prompt function, characterized in that the memory comprises a driving style table and a fuel consumption reference database, and the processing unit comprises a fuel recording unit and a refueling prompt unit. Wherein, while a vehicle approaches a gas station near the navigation route, or while a new route or a re-planned route is generated, the refueling prompt unit is able to automatically calculate forecasting fuel consumption required for traveling from a current location to a next gas station near a navigation route according to the navigation route generated by the route navigation unit, the driving style table and the fuel consumption reference database, and prompting an alarm signal when the forecasting fuel consumption is greater than the fuel quantity to remind a user to refuel firstly.

Abstract: The invention provides a data storage system. In one embodiment, the data storage system comprises a host and a flash storage device. The host sends a series of first access commands for accessing a plurality of special files to the flash storage device. The flash storage device having the stored plurality of special files and a command-symbol mapping table, sequentially generates a plurality of first digits respectively corresponding to the special files accessed by the first access commands to obtain a first data stream, converts the first data stream to a plurality of first special commands according to the command-symbol mapping table, and performs operations according to the first special commands. Each of the special files corresponds to a digit, the command-symbol mapping table records a corresponding relationship between a plurality of symbols and a plurality of special commands, and each of the symbols comprises a plurality of digits.

Abstract: An output stage configured to control a driving voltage thereof is provided. The output stage includes: a first switching current module, coupled to a node for outputting a first current; a second switching current module, coupled to the node for outputting a second current; a switching capacitor module with a capacitance, coupled to the node; a calibrating control circuit, for calibrating the first current, the second current and the capacitance; a time constant calibrating circuit, for generating a reference slew rate, and controlling the calibrating control circuit to selectively calibrate the first current, the second current and the capacitance, such that a ratio of the first current and the capacitance and the ratio of the second current and the capacitance conform to the reference slew rate; and a voltage clamper for setting a high/low voltage range and limiting a amplitude of the driving voltage within the high/low voltage range.

Abstract: An improved redirection structure of a ratchet wrench is disclosed. A driving head accommodates a connector body that has a knob. The accommodating room of the connector body accommodates a brake block with a notch. The urging element of the knob urges against the brake block in the notch.

Abstract: A quick-turn wrench includes a driving head with an axle hole. One side of the axle hole has a claw. A ratchet ring is accommodated in the axle hole. One end of the ratchet ring extends outside the axle hole and connects to a wrench handle. The ratchet ring is surrounded by a ratchet part that correspondingly engages the claw. A transmission rod is inserted into the ratchet ring, with one end having a transmission part. A bottom plate is disposed at the bottom of the axle hole. The end surface of the bottom plate facing the axle hole has a sliding groove. A pushing element is disposed in the sliding groove corresponding to the claw. The transmission part of the transmission rod connects to the pushing element. As the transmission rod rotates, the pushing element is driven to push the claw to release the fixing state between the claw and the ratchet ring.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing a control system for a stacked battery is disclosed. The control system comprises a plurality of processors, a plurality of controllers, and a monitoring unit (control unit). The method comprises sending a diagnostic information from the central unit to a top processor of the plurality of processors, transmitting a return information from the top processor of the plurality of processors to the central unit, comparing the diagnostic information sent from the central unit with the return information received by the central unit, and indicating a communication problem if the diagnostic information sent from the central unit is different from the return information received by the central unit. The steps are repeated by eliminating the top processor from a previous cycle and assigning a new top processor if there is no problem with the reconfigurable communication system.

Abstract: A frequency doubler receiving an in-phase oscillating signal and an inverse oscillating signal and generating an output signal oscillating at a multiplied frequency, accordingly. The frequency doubler has a first transistor, a second transistor, a first inductor and a second inductor. A first terminal of the first transistor and a first terminal of the second transistor are at a common voltage. The frequency doubler receives the in-phase oscillating signal and the inverse oscillating signal via control terminals of the first and second transistors. The first and second inductors couple a second terminal of the first transistor and a second terminal of the second transistor to an output terminal of the frequency doubler, respectively. The first and second inductors may be separate inductance devices or, in another case, be implemented by a symmetric inductor.

Abstract: A positioning system includes a positioning module, an application program, a control program, a first transmission interface, a second transmission interface and a switch module. The positioning module is for providing positioning information. The application program is for controlling the positioning module to receive the positioning information from the positioning module. The control program is for controlling the positioning module to receive the positioning information from the positioning module when the application program is shutdown. The application program receives the positioning information through the first transmission interface. The control program receives the positioning information through the second transmission interface. The switch module can be selectively switched to decide whether the positioning module is controlled by the application program or the control program to receive the positioning information.