Abstract: To improve a tilt detection sensitivity and to detect a tangential tilt of recordable and rewritable optical recording media where no signal is recorded previously, An optical head assembly includes a semiconductor laser 6, an objective lens 5 which focuses a laser beam onto a disk D, and a photodetector 9 adapted to receive reflected light from the disk D.

Abstract: A parametric family of multivariate density functions formed by mixture models from univariate functions of the type exp(−|x|&bgr;) for modeling acoustic feature vectores are used in automatic recognition of speech. The parameter &bgr; is used to measure the non-Gaussian nature of the data. &bgr; is estimated from the input data using a maximum likelihood criterion. There is a balance between &bgr; and the number of data points that must be satisfied for efficient estimation.

Abstract: A way of dynamically modifying error recovery on a communications controller to operate at the lowest power mode allowed by current error rate conditions. When operating conditions are good and a small number of errors are detected, a low power error detection/correction mode is entered saving battery life. The low power error correction mechanism runs at a slower frequency and lower power than the high power mechanism and maintains the same data rate for the controller, thus saving power. Selecting the controller error (power) mode may be externally, such as by a person using a control dial on a cellular telephone when the voice data gets too noisy. Alternatively, the selection can be automatic, a critical error level detector internally making the selection.

Abstract: A node device in an ATM communication network is provided which is capable of generating a cell for creating a failure alarm rapidly so as not to apply a load to a processor. The node device copies header data from an ATM cell, and uses the copied header data to generate a failure alarm cell (e.g., an Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)). The node device obtains a VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) or VPI/VCI (VPI/Virtual Connection Identifier) for the failure alarm notification cell from a header of the cell on the VP (Virtual Path) which forms the pair of the failed VP. Accordingly, the processor does not need to process data from a header conversion table.

Abstract: Two data streams derived from a transmitted data stream are remultiplexed with a coarser granularity for storage in data blocks which assure that corresponding portions of each of the two data streams are made available in the same data block. The data streams are buffered in queues from which sub-blocks are transferred as buffer sections having sizes corresponding to relative bit rates therein in the order the sub-blocks are filled, preferably using bytes to interrupt processing. Thus, the sub-blocks will be grouped into data blocks in accordance with the correspondence of the data streams such as the time correspondence of audio and video data. As applied to digital video data transmissions, a system time clock (STC) value is stored in a sub-block header and/or a data block header and, using a look-up table or other arrangement for estimating a storage location, a data block can be retrieved from storage in accordance with a target STC value.

Abstract: The invention compounds and methods for the treatment of motor disorders. In particular, the invention provides eicosanoid analogs which are effective in ameliorating motor disorders such as spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis (MS).

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the properties of a material, that is to be examined, by applying a swept-frequency high frequency signal and measuring a reflection factor of the resonance signal. The apparatus has a microwave supply conductor for feeding the high frequency signal, a sensor waveguide that is coupled to the microwave supply conductor, a helical conductor that is arranged inside the sensor waveguide, and an intermediate layer between a first end of the sensor waveguide and the helical conductor. Typically, the sensor waveguide is cylindrical and the helical conductor is supported centrally therein along the longitudinal axis of the sensor waveguide by a support that is part of the intermediate layer. A coupling layer is provided between the helical conductor and the material to be examined in the region of a second end face of the sensor waveguide.

Abstract: A vertical transistor particularly suitable for high density integration includes potentially independent gate structures on opposite sides of a semiconductor pillar formed by etching or epitaxial growth in a trench. The gate structure is surrounded by insulating material which is selectively etchable to isolation material surrounding the transistor. A contact is made to the lower end of the pillar (e.g. the transistor drain) by selectively etching the isolation material selective to the insulating material. The upper end of the pillar is covered by a cap and sidewalls of selectively etchable materials so that gate and source connection openings can also be made by selective etching with good registration tolerance. A dimension of the pillar in a direction parallel to the chip surface is defined by a distance between isolation regions and selective etching and height of the pillar is defined by thickness of a sacrificial layer.

Abstract: An orifice electrode/ink receiving member 11 is attached to an orifice plate 13 that is attached to a recording head module 10. An ink absorbing member 111 is embedded in a lower surface of the orifice electrode/ink receiving member 11. A recording ink droplet 14 ejected through an orifice 12 is deflected as needed by an angled electric field 85 and then impinges on a recording sheet 60 to form a recording dot 70. On the other hand, a refresh ink droplet 15 is deflected by the angled electric field 85 and impinges on the ink absorbing member 111 of the orifice electrode/ink receiving member 11 after flying in a U-turn path. In this configuration, the ink absorbing member 111 provided to the orifice electrode/ink receiving member 11 collects ink, so that there is no need to increase a gap between the recording head module 10 and the recording sheet 60 so much in order to dispose the ink absorbing member 111, preventing decrease in recording precision and paper jam.

Abstract: An improved low profile antenna of the PIPA style is formed from a single piece of useful conductive material and includes a first plate spaced apart from an elongated ground plate. The first and ground plates are interconnected by a shorting plate having a width less than that of either the first ground plate. A feed plate is interposed between the two plates and is either completely covered by the first plate or slightly exposed. Such antennas have extremely large bandwidth of up to about 50%.

Abstract: In a circular fluorescent lamp unit comprising: a glass bulb 1 which is bent into a ring shape with both ends abutting on each other, has phosphor powder coated on an inner wall thereof, has electrodes provided at the respective ends in an inner space thereof and has mercury and inert gas sealed therein; and a cap which has connection pins used for electrically connecting the electrodes in the glass bulb with the outside and is attached so as to cut across the both ends of the glass bulb, a tube outer diameter of the glass bulb 1 is 13 mm to 20 mm, a ring outer diameter of the ring is 145 mm to 170 mm, lamp wattage is not more than 20 W, and lighting is carried out with a high frequency which is not less than 10 kHz.

Abstract: To provide a portable telephone output limitation management device in which use of a portable telephone set is automatically limited in a site where the use of the set is limited and in which causes of non-response and other various information can be transmitted to an originating party who called the use-limited portable telephone set. The portable telephone output limiting management device issues a radio wave signal of the output limiting command information from an antenna. On reception of the output limiting command information from the antenna, the portable telephone set enters into the output limiting mode to halt direct exchange with a base station and sends out the information on the fact that the set has entered into the output limiting mode.

Abstract: A resistance film type touch panel includes first and second substrates opposing to each other, and respectively having panel planes. A first electrode film is formed in a central portion of the panel plane of the first substrate on a lower surface of the first substrate, and a second electrode film is formed in a central portion of the panel plane of the second substrate on an upper surface of the second substrate. First and second electrodes are connected to the first electrode film and are formed to oppose to each other around the first electrode film on the lower surface of the first substrate. Third and fourth electrodes are connected to the second electrode film and are formed to oppose to each other around the second electrode film on the upper surface of the second substrate orthogonally to the first and second electrodes. First to fourth wiring lines connect the first to fourth electrodes to connection terminals, respectively.

Abstract: In order to transmit image data, across the internet, from a mobile terminal, a particular station is provided in a mobile communication network that is linked to the internet. A subscriber to the mobile communication network transmits instructions, which includes image data editing information and image data destination information, to the particular station. Thereafter, the subscriber transmits image data to the particular station wherein the image data is edited according to the image data editing information. The edited image data is then stored in a suitable memory, after which the particular station informs, across the internet, an image data receiver, specified by the destination information, that the edited image data is ready to be downloaded from the memory by the image data receiver. The order of uploading the pieces of the image data editing and destination information can be reversed.

Abstract: A packet transmission control method is achieved by borrowing a first one of a plurality of channels for a first one of a plurality of existing users in response to a packet receiving request, and by transmitting packets to a new user using the first channel.

Abstract: Tamper resistance is provided to avoid observation of the behavior of portions of software by calling a function exclusively available in one differentiated section of a processor and its peripherals and drivers from another differentiated section. A pseudo-random binary sequence generator is associated with each such differentiated section and incremented incident to the calling and performance of the function, respectively. The pseudo-random binary sequence values are compared prior to allowing or preventing further execution of the software. The comparison can be performed at any privilege level and a variation of the invention provides additional security by utilizing an additional privileged function to perform the comparison. An enhancement of the invention corrupts data or program files using a PRBS value at one privilege level and performs the inverse function to restore the data or program files at another privilege level with its own PRBS value.

Abstract: Two encoders are used in cascade wherein one encoder functions as a preprocessor for the other by collecting statistics concerning partially processed input data. The statistics thus derived are autonomously transferred to a second decoder in a self-synchronized manner, avoiding any need for external glue logic, and utilized to select encoding options for encoding and/or compressing the data so that the quality of encoded data is optimized based on the content of current input data.

Abstract: To provide a portable telephone system in which use of the portable telephone set is automatically limited in a site where the use of the set is limited and in which causes of non-response and other various information can be transmitted over a low power channel to a control device, for transmission to an originating party who called the use-limited portable telephone set.

Abstract: An optical fiber collimator having a lens (10), and an optical fiber chip (14) disposed at a distance from the lens, the optical fiber chip holding an end portion of an optical fiber (12) and having an end surface treated to be inclined. The optical axis of the optical fiber is made eccentric with respect to the center of the lens to set the eccentric quantity of the optical fiber so that the center of the lens substantially coincides with the center of a light beam incident on the lens. The kind of the lens is optional. The lens may be an inexpensive spherical lens or may be a gradient index rod lens. When a gradient index rod lens is used, a lens in which a surface facing to the optical fiber chip is treated to be inclined is used as the gradient index rod lens.

Abstract: Voltage regulation, transient response and efficiency of a voltage regulator module (VRM) is improved where short duty cycles are necessitated by large differentials of input and output voltage by including at least one clamping of a tap of an inductance in series with an output of each of a plurality of parallel branches or phases which are switched in a complementary fashion or providing coupling between inductors of respective phases. Such coupling between inductors is achieved in a small module with an integrated magnetic structure. Reduced component counts are achieved while deriving built-in input and output filters. Principals of the invention can be extended to isolation applications and push-pull forward converts, in particular. A lossless clamping circuit is also provided allowing spike currents to be suppressed while returning power to the output of the VRM.