Abstract: The liquid ejection apparatus includes nozzles formed in a member provided on one side of a substrate, droplet ejection units each of which corresponds to one of the nozzles, and which are formed on a surface of the one side of the substrate, individual flow paths each of which feeds liquid to one of the nozzles, and which are formed on the one side of the substrate, one or more front surface feed paths for feeding liquid correspondingly to the individual flow paths and one or more back surface feed paths communicating with the one or more front surface feed paths. The one or more front surface feed paths are formed by etching process from the surface of the one side of the substrate and the one or more back surface feed paths are formed by sandblast process from a surface of another side of the substrate. The inkjet printer includes the liquid ejection apparatus as the inkjet print head.

Abstract: The liquid ejecting device includes a member in which a plurality of nozzles are formed; a plurality of ejecting units each of which is formed in correspondence with each of the plurality of nozzles and ejects a liquid droplet from each of the plurality of nozzles; and a plurality of supply passages each of which supplies liquid to the plurality of ejecting units. A first liquid level position for a driving period and a second liquid level position for a storage period which are different from each other are set in each of a plurality of liquid flow passages including each of the plurality of nozzles and each of the plurality of supply passages corresponding thereto. Nozzle plugging can be advantageously prevented. The liquid ejecting device can provide an ink jet recording head having a long service life and also an ink jet printer having a long service life.

Abstract: Apparatus for performing measurement of a dimension of a test marked formed by overlapping feature imaged onto a an image forming layer of a semiconductor wafer and the calculation of the critical dimensions of the features from test mark. This is used in semiconductor processing. Also included is software configured to program a measurement device to perform the measurement and calculation of the dimension of a test mark.

Abstract: When a dividing ratio data is written in a counter/timer register 530, a counter/timer circuit 534 divides a frequency of an oscillation signal of the oscillator 532 as much as the dividing ratio data. When an output enabling data is written in the port B register 536, a variable gain control signal is output from an envelope producing circuit 538. A variable gain control circuit 540 changes amplitude of a dividing signal as much as the value responsive to a voltage of the variable gain control signal. When an output disabling data is written in the port B register 536, the variable gain control signal is not output from the envelope producing circuit 538. The variable gain control circuit 540 stops the amplitude control of the dividing signal.

Abstract: An optical printer head with a plurality of light-emitting devices arranged in two dimensions is capable of providing a desired amount of exposure using light-emitting devices having even small luminance, ease of corrections to a sensitivity of a photosensitive body and to a positional displacement of an object to be printed, performing printing on multiple gray scales and implementing high density and miniaturization. The optical printer head is so configured that a picture element array including picture elements containing light-emitting devices arranged in line and string directions in two dimensions, a horizontal scanning circuit to feed data signals to each picture element string in the picture element array and a vertical scanning circuit to sequentially select and activate each picture element in the picture element array are formed on a same insulating substrate to support production of the above effects.

Abstract: When ink droplets are ejected, angled or splashed where a plurality of minute ink droplets are generated, angled or splashed ink clings on an electrode 401, 402 and increases the amount of electric current conducted therethrough. Hence, the defectiveness of ink ejection can be detected by monitoring the amount of the electric current. When the defectiveness of ink ejection is detected, ejection data D is retrieved and updates the ejection data D based on a condition register S, and set to a defect register E. When the defect register E has only one element that takes a condition value of 1 indicating defectiveness, the corresponding nozzle is identified as defective. The restoring means reallocates dots, which have been originally allocated to the defective nozzle, to neighboring nozzle.

Abstract: A magneto-resistance effect head is provided with a lower conductive layer which is provided with a recessed portion, and a vertical bias layer is provided in the recessed portion. A free layer is provided on the lower conductive layer. On the free layer, layered in the following order are the non-magnetic layer, the fixed layer, the fixing layer, and the upper layer so as not to be placed immediately above the vertical bias layer. The non-magnetic layer, the fixed layer, the fixing layer, and the upper layer are buried in an insulation layer. Furthermore, an upper conductive layer is provided on the upper layer and the insulation layer. In the direction of the magnetic field applied by the vertical bias layer, the free layer is made greater in length than the fixed layer and the free layer is disposed in proximity to the vertical bias layer with the distance between the fixed layer and the vertical bias layer remaining unchanged.

Abstract: A mat containing highly machine direction oriented (90% or greater), discontinuous reinforcement fibers, is produced on inclined wire or rotary paper making machinery. Fibers are first uniformly dispersed in an aqueous medium containing thickeners and wetting agents. In one embodiment, antifoaming agents are also added to prevent floating fibers which entangle and reduce orientation. Thermoplastic fibers or particles may also be included. Stock is brought into an open headbox in a flow pattern which allows the fibers to decelerate before approaching the porous suction belt (wire). As the fibers approach the suction belt, the fibers begin to turn and align in the streamline so as to present one end toward the suction wire. The leading ends of the fibers are gripped by the moving belt which drags the fibers out of the dispersion stock in a straight line. The porous mat produced may be dried and bonded through hot air, heat and/or pressure, or chemical binders.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor element (14) of the cap sealing type is aligned with an optical axis of an optical part contained in a resin housing (12), and mounted on the resin housing. In this case, the upper surface of a cap of the optical semiconductor element is butted to the end face of the housing, and bonded to the latter (by ultraviolet curing adhesive 20). In the optical module body having such a structure, the surface of the cap of the optical semiconductor element and at least a part of the side surface of the housing may be covered with a casing, and a clearance formed therebetween may be sealed with resin.

Abstract: The portable telephone includes an antenna and a metallic cabinet operating as main radiation sources of electromagnetic waves, a feeding point for supplying said antenna and said metallic cabinet with electric power, an outer packaging formed of such a material as plastics or resin, and a reflecting plate for reflecting the electromagnetic waves radiated from said radiation sources, the reflecting plate being provided for increasing the amount of the electromagnetic waves radiated into a free space when the portable telephone is in use, being selectively arranged at a position where an electric field component or a magnetic field component of the electromagnetic waves radiated from said radiation sources is dominant, and having an electric constant which enables effective reflection of said magnetic field component or said electric field component and causes little electric power absorption.

Abstract: A delay fluctuation absorbing device includes transmission delay fluctuation absorbing buffers and CPUs. Each transmission delay fluctuation absorbing buffer stores packets sent through a network. Each CPU reads out each packet from the buffer a predetermined read delay time after the packet is stored in the buffer, and updates the read delay time of the buffer on the basis of the transmission delay time of the packet at unit time intervals. Each CPU shortens the read delay time step by step when the read delay time is to be shorted by updating. A delay fluctuation absorbing method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A clock recovery circuit provides a reference clock signal and a plurality of clock pulses with phases different from the reference clock signal, and has an edge detecting circuit for detecting positions of edges of inputted serial random data. A detected edge selecting circuit selects whether the edges of the inputted serial random data are rising edges or falling edges of the reference clock signal. An edge position correcting circuit assures that the number of the selected edges is equal to the number of the edges of the inputted serial random data. Phase frequency detectors output pulses of a pulse width in proportion to the phase difference between the inputted serial random data and the reference clock signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a knee-joint prosthesis with a hydraulic damping cylinder (1) for regulating the swing phase control and stance phase stabilization, and with an electronic control for a force field acting on the hydraulic fluid of the damping cylinder (1), the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid being able to be changed by the force field. The object of the present invention is to make available a knee-joint prosthesis whose electronic control has a high degree of safety and a minimal power consumption. According to the invention, the object is achieved by the fact that an actuating member (6, 7, 9, 12) is provided which generates a permanent force field and acts on the hydraulic fluid with an existing force field which is weakened or strengthened by the electronically controlled force field.

Abstract: A rejection rate of a selective sequential processing apparatus such as a mail sortation apparatus is reduced by combining results of at least two feature discrimination arrangements such as optical character recognition and a bar code reader based on comparisons of results of the feature discrimination results against each other and against expected values to validate at least one result and rejecting articles for manual processing only when no feature discrimination result can be validated. The results of one feature discrimination technique can be used to augment results of another feature discrimination technique to improve selective processing accuracy and processing speed and throughput are increased by allowing use of faster or accelerated feature discrimination processes while maintaining a greater number of articles within the automated process.

Abstract: A trigger switch includes a trigger member, a rotation detector and a first shaft. The first shaft rotatably supports the trigger member on the rotation detector, so that the rotation detector detects a rotation of the trigger member.

Abstract: A binarization method for gray address images which combines high quality and high speed. The method is designed specifically for efficient software implementation. Two binarization approaches, localized background thresholds and Laplacian edge enhancement, are combined into a process to enhance the strengths of the two methods and eliminate their weaknesses. The image is divided into tiles, making binarization decisions for each tile. Tile decisions are modified based on adjacent tile decisions and then the tiles are binarized. Binarization of pixels is performed by performing background thresholding and edge detection thresholding. Only pixels exceeding both thresholds are selected as “on”.

Abstract: A buck regulator having a voltage sensor for sensing a voltage reversal caused by freewheeling current from an output inductor in the regulator. Upon sensing a reversed voltage, the voltage sensor triggers a gate controller to turn on a switch in the regulator, and thereby terminate a dead time. The voltage sensor and gate controller are high speed circuits, and therefore can reduce the duration of the dead time. Reducing the dead time duration improves efficiency by reducing the duration of body diode conduction. The dead time can be reduced to less than a turn-on time of the body diode, thereby preventing charge buildup in the body diode, and, consequently, preventing reverse recovery loss in the body diode. The present invention improves electrical conversion efficiency, and allows for increased operating frequency in buck regulators.

Abstract: In an information processing system, an information storing unit stores a plurality of main information sets along with time information sets. A retrieval condition input unit inputs retrieval conditions for the main information sets. A retrieval execution unit performs a retrieval upon the main information sets along with the time information sets by using the retrieval conditions. A cell output information generating unit receives retrieved main information sets along with the time information sets and generates a number of the main information sets and a tendency of the number of the main information sets to change with respect to time for each of cells defined by the retrieval conditions. A cell output unit outputs each of the cell and displays each of the cells at a location on a matrix designated by the retrieval conditions.

Abstract: An electronic event recorder for attachment to a vehicle is provided which can broadcast encrypted signature and data, thereby leaving behind an electronic version of a “fingerprint” in the event of an accident or traffic violation. The fingerprint, captured by an external data acquisition system or another vehicle so equipped, provides a history of events related to the vehicle. The event recorder is preferably integrated on a smart card and housed in a tamper proof casing. In a first mode of operation, monitoring stations along the roadways periodically send an interrogation signal, such as when radar detects that the vehicle is speeding. Upon receiving the interrogation signal the smart card transmits the vehicle's signature information to the monitoring station where it is time and date stamped along with the speed of the vehicle.