Abstract: An damascene x-ray mask comprises an oxide membrane layer having trenches formed therein defining an x-ray mask pattern. The trenches are filled with collimated, sputtered tungsten sputtered in a relatively high pressure environment. The result is a dense, low stress tungsten film completely filling the trenches. Damascene refers to the process by which the mask is formed. The mask is formed on a silicon substrate and then the substrate is etched away from the bottom side leaving substantially just the oxide layer and the collimated tungsten. The oxide layer is transparent to x-rays and the collimated tungsten layer is opaque to x-rays.

Abstract: An antenna unit for use in a navigation system includes a bottom cover and a unit case, a circuit board and an antenna main body are stored in the bottom cover, a cylindrical storage portion in the bottom cover is for storing the circuit board and the antenna main body therein, the cylindrical storage portion being formed integrally with the surface of the bottom cover, a cylindrical joint portion being threaded with the cylindrical storage portion, said cylindrical joint portion being formed integrally in the unit case, and the cylindrical joint portion being threaded with the cylindrical storage portion.

Abstract: There is provided a digital processor that includes a recursive filter having means for using fixed point arithmetic for performing division. The recursive filter includes means for saving a remainder after each division and multiplication operation and for adding the remainder to a dividend in the subsequent division operation.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for attenuation of nervous system damage after injury which comprises administering therapeutic amounts of PREG, PREG-S, or esters of PREG or PREG-S together with an enhancer of secretory processes in non-neural cells such as a bacterial lipopolysaccharide and a non-steroidal antiinflammatory substance such as indomethacin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive device for pivoting a viewfinder mirror (1) in a single-lens reflex camera between its finding and its taking positions. An improvement in this drive is characterized according to the invention by a separate electrical drive (4, 5, 13), which, mechanically decoupled, can be controlled directly through an external interface (12).

Abstract: In a semiconductor device having "N" input terminals, a high voltage for a mode switching is applied to a first input terminal, and mode setting information is supplied to the other input terminals. A latch circuit holds the mode setting information supplied during a predetermined period of time starting from application of the high voltage to the first input terminal, during a period of time in which the high voltage continues to be supplied to the first input terminal. Thus, a test is performed on the basis of the mode switching instruction held in the latch circuit and data applied to the other input terminals. On the other hand, if the high voltage is disconnected, the latch circuit is reset.

Abstract: An FET isolated on either side by a trench. The FET has a dielectric layer in the isolating trench along at least one side. The dielectric layer which may be an ONO layer has an oxidation catalyst diffused into it. The oxidation catalyst may be potassium. A gate oxide along the side of the FET in close proximity to the ONO layer is thicker than gate oxide between both sides.

Abstract: Low voltage DRAMs are used on higher voltage memory modules in a way that requires no modification of the DRAMs. "Bus switch" technology and compact low voltage regulators are used at the module level. The low voltage regulator provides a lowered, regulated voltage to DRAMs. The bus switches are used at the inputs and outputs of the DRAMs and effectively protect the DRAM circuitry from voltage swings that could otherwise be damaging.

Abstract: An inert gas, such as helium, nitrogen, or argon, is used for pressurization and stabilization in a chemical vapor deposition process that occurs in an ambient temperature in excess of 400.degree. C. Using the inert gas in the pressurization and stabilization stages of the chemical vapor deposition process eliminates the formation of tungsten oxides on tungsten studs, lines and other devices in the substrate, thereby eliminating the variable contact resistance and other problems associated with tungsten oxides.

Abstract: An electronic device assembly includes a large-scale-integrated circuit (LSI) chip having center and peripheral portions. A circuit and terminals are formed in the center in and peripheral portions, respectively. A carrier substrate is attached to the center portion of the LSI chip. The carrier substrate has center and peripheral portions. Bumps and terminals are provided in the center and peripheral portions of the carrier substrate. Wires connect the terminals of the LSI chip and the carrier substrate. The carrier substrate is mounted on a substrate via the bumps. The thermal expansion coefficient of the carrier substrate is between those of the LSI chip and the substrate.

Abstract: The invention comprises an instrument which is placed in relation to the designated object and which is capable of sending information about the object to a computer. Image processing methods are used to generated images of the object and determine positional information about it. This information can be used as input to robotic devices or can be rendered, in various ways (video graphics, speech synthesis), to a human user. Various input apparatus are attached to the transmitting or other used instruments to provide control inputs to the computer.

Abstract: A head feeding mechanism in a magnetic recording and reproducing device comprises: a "0" side carriage which has a "0" side magnetic head mounted on the surface of the front end portion thereof, and is fed in the direction of length of a slot formed in a magnetic disk holder, into which a magnetic disk is loaded, by a guide provided on a device frame; and a "1" side carriage which has a "1" side magnetic head 16 mounted on the surface thereof which is confronted with the "0" side magnetic head, and a base which is flexibly supported on the base 1a of the "0" side carriage, and driven ears extended from the middle portion thereof which are driven by the edge of the slot with the aid of an energizing spring.

Abstract: A multimodal natural language interface interprets user requests combining natural language input from the user with information selected from a current application and sends the request in the proper form to an appropriate auxiliary application for processing. The multimodal natural language interface enables users to combine natural language (spoken, typed or handwritten) input selected by any standard means from an application the user is running (the current application) to perform a task in another application (the auxiliary application) without either leaving the current application, opening new windows, etc., or determining in advance of running the current application what actions are to be done in the auxiliary application. The multimodal natural language interface carries out the following functions: (1) parsing of the combined multimodal input; (2) semantic interpretation (i.e.

Abstract: Electronic trading cards are composed of a plurality of individual trading card files encoded on a single data storage device such as a computer diskette or laser disk, each with an associated deciphering key code for deciphering encrypted data in the individual trading card files, and each with a file transfer code which allows individual trading card files to be transferred from one collector to another, without the transferring collector retaining a copy for his or her own use after a transfer is made. The electronic trading cards are organized and viewed using an electronic binder that provides full featured database functions such as sorting, graphic presentation, and the like. The electronic binder tracks the number of identical electronic trading card files possessed by a collector such that he or she will be aware that duplicates or triplicates are available. The electronic binder also has provisions for updatable guides which can provide card valuation and prediction information.

Abstract: A display unit for use with a computer and a power supply, includes an environmentally-sealed enclosure having a removable cover, and housing a liquid crystal display screen, the removable cover serving as an integral heat sink for the power supply, the power supply being mounted on the internal surface of the cover. Further, a backlighting device backlights the display screen, and a cooling plenum conductively and convectively cools the backlighting device, the backlighting device being mounted directly on a surface of the plenum.

Abstract: A simple process for card assembly by Direct Chip Attachment (DCA) uses electrically conductive adhesives. Two methods create the same intermediate wafer product with a layer of insulative thermoplastic and conductive thermoplastic bumps. After sawing or dicing the wafer to form the chips, the chips are adhered to chip carriers with conductive pads which match the conductive thermoplastic bumps, using heat and pressure. Chips may be easily removed and replaced using heat.

Abstract: A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) circuit for detecting and correcting errors in a data stream uses a decoder and a serial-to-parallel buffer to shorten arithmetic operation time. The CRC circuit includes a first gate for switching a serial input data stream into a syndrome register section, and a buffer register for converting the serial input data to a parallel data. The syndrome register section forms redundancies for input data stream. An OR gate receives data from the syndrome register section to enable a decoder if the syndrome register section detects an error in the data stream. The decoder decodes the output from the syndrome register section. The output of the decoder is exclusively-ORed with the input data in the parallel shift register. A latch circuit thereafter outputs a corrected serial data stream.

Abstract: An address decode circuit for receiving address input signals, includes a device for detecting a change in the address input signals, and a device for generating a control signal in response to a detected change in the address input signals. A gating mechanism gates at least one address bit in the address input signals input to the address decode circuit with the control signal.

Abstract: A wavelength division-multiplexing optical communication apparatus and method includes a plurality of modulators for respectively modulating the intensity of a plurality of light rays, each having a different wavelength from one another, with a data signal from a signal source, a wavelength division-multiplexer for combining the light from the modulators, fiber optics for transmitting light from the wavelength division multiple and a wavelength division-multiplexed light receiver for separating the light from the transmission path fiber optics by wavelength (and receiving the separated light, respectively. The light modulators control or select a magnitude of the phase modulation caused at the time of intensity modulation, and the modulator for each light wavelength is separately controlled and selected for the operating point, so as to cause a phase modulation component which minimizes the waveform distortion after transmission through the transmission path fiber optics.