Abstract: Spinal support assemblies, and methods of use, provide stabilization of the treated portion of the spine while accommodating limited, controlled angular movement of the treated portion of the spine, also while limiting transverse movement of the spine. Adapters, such as lamellar hooks and/or bone screws attach the spinal support assembly to support vertebrae. Reinforcing rods in the spinal support assemblies embody any of a variety of structures and configurations, all of which provide for support and force transfer while providing for limited and controlled levels of dynamic, ongoing bending of the rod. The reinforcing rod can bend to accommodate limited bending of the treated portion of the spine, as the subject bends the spine in normal activities. The reinforcing rod stabilizes the vertebrae against vertical and/or transverse lateral movement of the reinforcing rod, members of the reinforcing rod, and/or vertebrae.