Abstract: A holographic article preferably including a plurality of superimposed and/or spatially adjacent linear gratings, each of which has a spatial frequency different from that of the other gratings. The articles are formed as a result of an interference fringe field produced by two mutually coherent light beams impinging onto an assembly of a two-dimensional transparency and a photosensitive medium.

Abstract: A passive electromagnetically responsive device comprising a miniature tuned inductive-capacitive circuit. The device is preferably detected by stimulating oscillations at the resonant frequency of the circuit by a pulsed electromagnetic field. The device is desirably used in projectiles to enable remote tagging and detection and/or identification of livestock.

Abstract: A linear optical processing system for copying graphic images which includes a spatial filter in the form of a Fourier transform hologram together with a lens for processing incoherent electromagnetic radiation. The system provides a given real, substantially-uniform low-pass two-dimensional optical transfer function for spatially filtering incoherent radiation within a range of spatial frequencies 0<.omega.<.OMEGA.. The spatial filter is made by forming a mask representing a point spread function which is the inverse transform of the desired optical transfer function, and employing the mask in a coherent system to produce as the filter a Fourier transform hologram of the mask.

Abstract: A linear optical processing system in which a spatial filter in the form of a Fourier transform hologram is included with a lens for processing incoherent electromagnetic radiation. Such a system provides a given real, two-dimensional transfer function for spatially filtering incoherent radiation within a range of spatial frequencies 0 .ltoreq..omega..ltoreq..OMEGA.. The filter is made by forming a mask of a graph of a point spread function which is the inverse transform of the desired transfer function, and employing the mask in a coherent system to produce a Fourier transform hologram of the mask. Spatial filters are designed for providing the resultant systems with various transfer functions, including (a) a directional response for passing substantially higher spatial frequency components in a first direction than are passed in a second direction; (b) a selective attenuator response; (c) a notch filter response; (d) a correctional filter response; and (e) a linear minimum mean square error response.

Abstract: A light emitting diode comprising a single crystal of high efficiency violet fluorescing zinc oxide together with an ohmic cathode and a rectifying anode secured thereto. The diode emits near band-gap radiation at room temperature when energized with low D.C. voltage. The produced light is believed to be associated with radiative recombination of free excitons.

Abstract: A system for providing internally illuminated traffic lane delineators is disclosed. This system includes a delineator device adapted for use with a traffic lane marking film comprising a flexible and pliable polymeric material exhibiting cold flow and reduced elasticity such as unvulcanized rubber. Such a film conforms into intimate contact with a road surface under the influence of road traffic and stays in that deformed state. An array of electrical conductors is embedded within and extends the length of the film. The delineator device includes an electric lamp, a housing enclosing the lamp and a flexible sheet-like body comprising a polymeric material similar to that included in the film. A plurality of such devices may be readily affixed at any desired location along the length of the film by soldering leads from the electric lights to the conductors in the film and by adhering the sheetlike body to the film surface.

Abstract: A system for controlling the transmission of heat through architectural windows is disclosed in which a magnetized strip is disposed along a major periphery of a frame supporting the window and a flexible window shade is supported adjacent to the frame and is magnetically attracted to the magnetized strip on the frame by a flexible sealing strip secured to the shade. The sealing strip contains a layer of magnetizable particles in a flexible polymeric binder.

Abstract: A widely accepted type of antipilferage system provides in an interrogation zone a magnetic field which periodically alternates at a predetermined frequency. Such systems further include means for detecting very high order harmonics of the predetermined frequency such as result from the presence within the zone of a marker having non-linear electrical or magnetic properties. In the present invention, such a marker includes an asymmetrically shaped piece or pieces of low-coercive force ferromagnetic material, including a center section and flux concentrator sections at opposite ends of the center section. Such a marker enables the protection of objects having a maximum dimension which is less than the length of prior art "open-strip" markers.

Abstract: A flexible electroluminescent device and a preform for use therein, in which the device includes a body of electroluminescent particles in a flexible resin sandwiched between electrode layers, one of which is substantially transparent. The substantially transparent electrode is provided as a preform comprising a transparent polymeric substrate, a transparent conductive thin-film, preferably including transmission enhancing dielectric layers, a conductive film extending along the length of a narrow portion of the transparent thin-film and a contact means which also extends along the length of the conductive film.

Abstract: A projectile is provided having contained therein a passive electromagnetically responsive device such as a tuned inductive-capacitive circuit. The circuit is preferably detected by stimulating oscillations at the resonant frequency of the circuit by a pulsed electromagnetic field. The projectiles are desirably used to enable remote tagging and detection and/or identification of objects including livestock.

Abstract: Improved apparatus and method for measuring ions scattered from a surface, to thereby determine the mass of atoms at the surface. The apparatus includes two analyzers, preferably an energy analyzer and mass analyzer positioned in tandem. The mass analyzer may be tuned to pass only ions having the same mass as ions in an incident ion beam, and to reject sputtered ions, some of which may have the requisite energy to pass through the energy analyzer under a given set of conditions.

Abstract: A driving mechanism for a magnetic tape recorder especially adapted for use with preloaded cassettes includes a carriage having a magnetic recording/playback head and a pressure roller mounted thereon. A latching member mechanically holds the carriage such that the roller and recording/playback head is in either a stop mode position, a pause mode position or a run mode position. In the stop mode position, the recording/playback head and the roller is fully retracted from the cassette to allow replacement of cassettes. In the pause mode position, the recording/playback head is adjacent to the tape to allow retrieval of information recorded thereon and the pressure roller is slightly withdrawn from the capstan such that a slight movement of the carriage causes the roller to quickly move to the run mode position to provide fast starting capability. In the run mode position, the recording/playback head is fully contacted against the tape and the pressure roller is in contact with a capstan.

Abstract: A traffic control device in which a solid state light source such as a light emitting diode (LED) is energized by a power supply such as a battery pack contained within the device. The battery life and conspicuousness of the device are enhanced by providing a network which includes an oscillator circuit and a photocell for intermittently energizing the LED only when the intensity of the ambient light is below a predetermined level. In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of LED's are sequentially energized to enable directional control.

Abstract: In a microfilm web handling apparatus wherein a photocell senses position markers corresponding to image frames along the microfilm web to enable positioning of a given image frame within a viewing station, a reference photocell provides a reference signal which is compared with a detected signal from the position sensing photocell to produce a position signal which is processed via logic networks to drive a film transport mechanism to thereby selectively position the microfilm web. Preferably, three photocells are provided, two of which sense position markers adjacent one edge of the microfilm web, while the third provides the reference signal. Each photocell has an effective sensing diameter which is not greater than one-half the dimension of a position marker parallel to the direction of travel of the web. In such an embodiment, the output of the reference photocell is compared with the detected signal from each of the two position indicating photocells.

Abstract: Retroreflective material including a medium containing a plurality of diffraction elements comprising light interference fringe patterns for enabling provision of a retroreflective effect upon light incident thereon. In making one embodiment a plurality of light interference fringe patterns defining an array of phase modulated fresnel zone plates is replicated by embossing at one surface of a copy medium having a thickness equal to a given focal length associated with the fresnel zone plates and a reflective material is coated on the opposite surface of the copy medium. In making other embodiments a plurality of fringe patterns is recorded throughout the volume of a photosensitive medium.

Abstract: A broad silver coated direct band-gap semiconductor crystal is bonded to a sapphire face plate without using any adhesive by a process of positioning the crystal with a broad surface against the sapphire, and bombarding the crystal with an electron beam raster scanned over the breadth of the crystal until the crystal and sapphire become bonded together.

Abstract: An apparatus for encoding a magnetic recording medium in the form of discrete labels such as may be removably adhered to a carrier web includes a mechanism for transporting the medium past a magnetic record and playback head. As the tape passes the playback head, the data previously recorded thereon by the record head is played back and verified. If the playback signal is not verified, the label associated therewith is marked, such as by punching a section from the label, and is thereafter differently processed. In another embodiment, the apparatus includes a means for removing encoded labels from the carrier web and automatically positioned the removed labels at a dispensing slot. Alternatively, the encoded labels, either verified or not-verified (or both) may be rewound onto the carrier web.

Abstract: A reflecting device providing a flashing reflection of light incident on the device toward an intended observer includes a converging Fresnel lens for receiving light directed onto the device and for focusing the light within the focal plane of the lens, through which plane a reflector is periodically moved to intermittently reflect the light. In one embodiment, the reflector is positioned to retroreflect the light back through the lens toward an observer positioned adjacent the source of light. In another embodiment, the reflector is positioned to reflect light transmitted through a first Fresnel lens toward another Fresnel lens so as to be visible by an observer of the other lens.

Abstract: In an automatic magnetic record sheet copying apparatus in which a master sheet having a master magnetic record thereon is pressed together with a blank magnetic copy sheet and an external magnetic field is superimposed thereon to enhance duplication of the magnetic record onto the copy sheet, means are provided for automatically transferring blank copy sheets from a supply of such sheets to a copying station wherein the duplication of the master record onto the blank copy sheet is effected and for automatically transferring the recorded copy sheet to a discharge station. The apparatus precisely positions the copy sheet together with the master magnetic record to ensure that the duplicated magnetic record on the copy sheet is precisely located thereon.

Abstract: A flexible electroluminescent lamp comprising a laminate of an opaque metal electrode, a flexible resin body having electroluminescent particles embedded therein and a transparent electrically conductive electrode. The transparent electrode comprises a polymeric substrate having a three layer sandwich thereon, which layers comprise a thin-film metal layer between outer dielectric layers having a relatively high index of refraction. The dielectric layers are formed to provide quarter-wavelength interference filters to result in a high degree of transmittance of the sandwich, while yet enabling the metal layer to be sufficiently thick to result in a low resistivity electrode.