Abstract: A relay lens system for use with a microscope to provide a station having a location optically equivalent to the back focal plane of the microscope objective is improved by using two identical lens components having different front and back focal lengths and arranged on the optical axis with opposite axial orientations. A back aperture viewer may be selectively positioned on the optical axis for viewing an optical element at said station.

Abstract: An adjustable filter regulator for a microspectrophotometer including adjustment means connected to a scale for controlling the setting of the interference filter wherein the filter is moveably connected to a servomotor; follower circuit, differential amplifier, and signal transmitter.

Abstract: Apparatus for utilization in driving a raster-type display, such as is used in the familiar television system for producing a selectable (according to a predetermined group) of raster formats of different raster interlace rates.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the production of a spectacle frame high in tensile strength and resistance to permanent set utilizing an age-hardenable nickel-bronze alloy which is capable of being strengthened by a heat-aging treatment step such that the tensile strength and stiffness can be substantially increased. The tendency for the frame to take a permanent set with the application of stress to the frame is, therefore, substantially reduced as compared to a similar spectacle frame not subjected to a heat-aging treatment step or spectacle frames made of alloys which cannot be strengthened by a heat-aging treatment.

Abstract: A two-element objective having a numerical aperture of 0.10 in combination with a telescope objective as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,355,234 and a typical 10.times. eyepiece has a magnification of 4.times. and a substantially flat 24mm image field.

Abstract: 1. In a laser, a solid luminescent sensitive element of Fabrey-Perot optical regenerative configuration and consisting essentially of a clear glass activated with trivalent ytterbium ions.

Abstract: A lens having an optical density which is variable under differing light conditions can be produced by imbibing a synthetic polymer lens such as a polycarbonate or diethylene diglycol bis allyl carbonate polymer with a solution of a metal dithizonate. A polarizing sheet can be laminated thereto or alternatively, a passive dye can be utilized on the inner surface of the lens to provide non-variable reduced optical density in the assembly.

Abstract: A relay lens system for use with a microscope to provide a station having a location optically equivalent to the back focal plane of the microscope objective is improved by using two identical lens components having different front and back focal lengths and arranged on the optical axis with opposite axial orientations. A back aperture viewer may be selectively positioned on the optical axis for viewing an optical element at said station.

Abstract: Variable focal power along one principal meridian may be obtained by an optical system having two cylinder lenses at either end and their axis of cylinder in a single plane spaced along an optical axis. A moveable cylinder lens with its axis oriented 90.degree. to the plane is slideably mounted therebetween. A plano color correction plate substantially eliminates color aberrations which would otherwise be present in the system.

Abstract: An ophthalmic glass lens having a compressively-stressed surface zone after ion exchanging which is at least 120 microns in depth, formed from an alkali metal oxide silicate glass comprising by weight about 4 to about 15 percent sodium oxide and about 3 to about 15 percent potassium oxide. There is a compressively-stressed surface layer having a strength of at least 25,000 psi. The total amount of sodium, potassium and other alkali metal oxides is up to about 20 percent. The total amount of zinc oxide, lanthanum oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide is about 8 to 15 percent, and there is about 3 to about 15 percent phosphorus pentoxide. An ion exchange process takes place at a temperature either above or below the strain point of conventional ophthalmic crown glass to produce satisfactory physical properties in the ophthalmic glass lens.

Abstract: Nondestructive marking of plastic artificial intraocular lenses for coding purposes. Exposure with ultraviolet radiation of portions of a lens surface forming boundaries of desired coding characters or similar exposure only of areas forming the characters themselves produces a differential in refractive index of the material of the lens wherewith detection and reading of the coding may be accomplished before and/or after intraocular implantation.

Abstract: A mold for forming lens blanks to meniscus shapes under applied heat and a force created by partial vacuum. A cupped lens shaping surface in the mold is cushioned and covered with a synthetic fabric for effecting exceptional accuracy in lens blank conformance to shaping surface curvature, optimum surface smoothness and quick release upon completion of a forming cycle.

Abstract: Ophthalmic lenses formed of ophthalmic glass and having accurately finished front and back curved surfaces and edged to the shapes desired are heated in molten salt bath and ion-exchange hardened on all surfaces thereof so as to satisfy high safety standards while being substantially free from optical image distortions for objects viewed therethrough. The invention includes method and apparatus for rapid and controlled pre-heating, soaking and cooling steps of lenses relatively cheaply and in sizable numbers at the same time.

Abstract: The invention achieves local variation, or a continuous gradation, in photochromic or phototropic properties across the face of glass lenses and lens blanks, especially those of ophthalmic quality. The lenses and lens blanks contain all those ingredients required to produce photochromic or phototropic behavior. They are exposed to a locally variable temperature field or environment, in such manner as to, in at least one portion of the lens or lens blank cause the temperature therein to exceed the strain point but not the softening point of the glass. In other portions of the lens or lens blank the temperature is below the strain point, thus causing development of phototropic or photochromic behavior only in those portions of the lens or lens blank exposed to the temperatures above the strain point.

Abstract: A laminated optical or ophthalmic element is produced comprised of an amorphous and/or crystalline material possessing phototropic or photochromic properties as a result of applying a thin layer over at least one surface thereof, which layer includes a combination of cations and anions including silver or copper bromide and/or chloride.

Abstract: A centrifugal casting mold and mold clamping system adaptable to mass-production technology including a tapered multiple part mold and similarly tapered sleeve within which the assembled mold is insertable for resin filling and centrifuging.

Abstract: A microscope illumination system provides light for both transmitted and vertical microscopy techniques. A transmitted light illuminator comprises a collector lens system, a zoom lens system, and a collimator lens system which direct the light from a source to the microscope condenser. The vertical illumination system utilizes the same light source and comprises a collimator lens system, a relay lens system, and a collector lens system which provides the light directed into the rear of the microscope objective by a beam splitter.

Abstract: An electron multiplier channel structure having channel walls formed of alternate strips of different glasses. One glass has optimum electrical conductivity properties and the other glass has optimum secondary electron-emitting properties. The strips are contiguous so that electrical conducting strips can readily supply electrons to neighboring electron emitting strips when an electrical potential is applied across the multi-channel structure.