Abstract: An LED watch which is capable of displaying both horological information and up to five words of five characters each which are sequentially displayed. These alpha-numeric words are programmed by the watch user.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for frequency compensation and amplitude compression of signals from a scene having targets which radiate infrared energy. The system uses at least two combinations, where each combination consists of an operational amplifier and a variable resistance element. These combinations are electrically coupled to each other. A circuit connected to one of the amplifiers provides high frequency compensation for radiated energy by small targets in the infrared scene. The system also utilizes a reference source which is coupled to the input of another of the amplifiers.

Abstract: A time change or moving target indication system utilizing charge-coupled devices (CCD's) for signal processing in which successive integrated samples from individual detectors are loaded into adjacent CCD storage buckets and then clocked to an output device. The output device is any suitable differencing arrangement which samples the charge stored in adjacent buckets and gives an output proportional to the difference. The system of the invention allows the successive signals from individual detectors to pass through virtually identical elements in the signal processing chain so as to reduce the effects of transfer inefficiency on the accuracy of the MTI subtraction process. Further, the signal spectrum from an individual detector output may be shifted to higher frequencies during the readout process so as to reduce the effects of any 1/f noise that may be present in the output device.

Abstract: The specification describes a process for growing selected compound semiconductors of high stoichiometry and purity and includes the steps of providing both a dynamic vacuum and a predetermined temperature profile in a container or tube containing a chosen semiconductor source material. The dynamic vacuum is used to create a predetermined minimum overpressure. P.sub.min, in this container with respect to the vapor pressure of the source material, while simultaneously removing impurities through in opening in the container during the crystal growth process. This process involves the vapor transport of elements of the selected compound semiconductor from the source material to a suitable support member, such as a graphite crucible which is maintained at a predetermined uniform controlled temperature.

Abstract: A sidelobe blanking system is provided which uses as much of the existing radar tracking system as possible while requiring a minimal number of additional components. The sidelobe blanking system includes a guard antenna and two phase shifters the first of which is operably coupled to the main radar antenna's sum pattern. The phase shifters create signals of opposite polarities which represent the complex conjugate of the sum pattern from the main radar antenna. The system includes two summing circuits which add the signal received by the guard antenna to the complex conjugate signals of opposite polarity. The system also includes a phase detector which compares the outputs of the first and second summing circuits and generates a signal representative of the cosine of the relative phase angle.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided comprising a laser source, collimating optics for collimating light provided by the laser source, focusing optics for focusing the collimated light provided by the collimating optics, and a detector array disposed at the focal plane of the focusing optics. Two surface acoustic wave transducers are disposed adjacent to one another and adjacent to an optical path between the collimating and focusing optics. The surface acoustic wave transducers are individually connected to antennas which are oriented substantially parallel to one another. The surface acoustic wave transducers launch surface acoustic waves which interact with the laser light and cause the light to be deflected in proportion to the amplitude and frequency of signals applied to the surface acoustic wave transducers by the antennas. The beams deflected by the two surface acoustic waves result in an interference pattern created at the detector array.

Abstract: Millimeter wave transmission lines are disclosed for propagating electromagnetic waves of a wavelength ranging from about 10 mm to about 0.4 mm. The transmission lines comprise a fiber of co-crystallized thallium bromo-iodide consisting of from about 40 mole percent to about 46 mole percent thallium bromide and from about 60 mole percent to about 54 mole percent thallium iodide. The fiber may be cladded with a dielectric material having a dielectric constant less than that of the fiber. A number of alternate fiber and cladding cross-sectional configurations are disclosed including circular, square, rectangular, and elliptical.

Abstract: Optical devices are disclosed which rely upon Stark-induced resonant, tunable, and saturable birefringence and dichroism to provide both digital and linear amplitude optical modulators, optical shutters, tunable optical filters, and optical cutoff limiters. A Stark cell is disposed along a light beam path between two crossed polarizers with its electric field direction at 45.degree. to the polarizer pass directions. The Stark cell contains a medium exhibiting a dichroic absorption resonance at a predetermined frequency as well as birefringence at frequencies slightly above and slightly below the frequency of the absorption resonance. By applying an appropriate control voltage between the Stark cell electrodes, an electric field is generated within the Stark cell to tune the absorption resonance to overlap the frequency of an input laser beam and thereby vary the transmission through the device from maximum near resonance to zero at frequencies far away from resonance.

Abstract: A folded end-coupled general response TE.sub.011 filter is herein described which achieves all bridge couplings necessary for general bandpass response in a particularly convenient two-tier overlapping structure, where all couplings are made in a single removable iris, and where probe and/or slot couplings are used to achieve coupling of either sign.

Abstract: There are herein described evanescent mode filters each of which include a hollow waveguide, wherein a plurality of resonators are disposed, the resonators including loading structures such as tuning screws, for example, wherein at least one of the loading structures is angularly disposed, relative to the axis of the waveguide, with respect to others of the loading structures to reduce the length of the filter and/or to provide internal bridge couplings.

Abstract: Charge packet refreshment in a charge transfer device is performed by comparing an input charge packet to be refreshed with a reference level to form a corresponding signal and reference potential barrier and by ejecting charge from beneath a ramp electrode between said signal and reference potential barriers over the lesser of the two barriers. The area of the ramp electrode may be sufficiently large to generate refreshed charge packet of amplified size to spill over one of the two potential barriers in reponse to an input charge packet.

Abstract: In the free induction technique of this invention, the maser is externally stimulated to allow significant reduction of the size of the maser, and the stimulation is turned off and allowed to decay so that the maser output is free from the external stimulation before the signal is sensed to provide a clock frequency standard. As a result, the invention solves significant problems which otherwise have limited the accuracy of prior art atomic clocks, including the problem of frequency pulling due to amplitude drift in the stimulation signal.

Abstract: A thin film polarizer for dividing electromagnetic energy into two mutually orthogonal components with a high degree of selectivity. A plurality of wire grids having an interelement spacing of less than one wavelength is supported by a substrate of electrically insulative material. The substrate is invisible to the wavelength of the polarized electromagnetic energy. The planar wire grids are substantially parallel and spaced less than one wavelength therebetween to achieve an efficient and compact thin film polarizer. The process of this invention for forming the plurality of wire grids comprises photolithographically defining each grid layer by the interference pattern of at least two coherent beams such as laser beams, one forming step being required for each grid, an anti-reflective layer being inserted between adjacent grid layers.

Abstract: A displacement transducer suitable for monitoring the angular rotation of an internal combustion engine is provided. The transducer comprises a rotary disc having a castellated periphery and mounted for rotation with the engine. First and second coils are mounted such that upon operation of the engine the castellations of the disc interrupt the inductive coupling therebetween. The first coil is fed with an oscillatory electrical signal which induces in the second coil an output signal of a first peak amplitude during the interruptions produced by the castellations and of a second peak amplitude during periods between the interruptions. Thresholding circuitry responsive to the output signal produces a control signal which is indicative of the commencement and cessation of the interruptions. In accordance with one disclosed embodiment, the threshold circuitry includes a pair of inverters sharing the same thermal environment.

Abstract: Diethynyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbons are prepared which homopolymerize into resins suitable for use as high char materials.

Abstract: A charge injection means periodically introduces a charge packet into a charge flow channel in a semiconductive substrate surface under the control of a clock signal. The charge packets are accumulated beneath an integrating electrode in the charge flow channel until the amount of charge stored beneath the integrating electrode reaches a predetermined amount. Upon this occurrence, the charge subsequently injected spills over a potential barrier and into charge sensing means near the integrating electrode. The charge sensing means responds to the spilled charge by causing substantially the entire accumulated charge to be spilled over the barrier into the charge sensing means in a regenerative feedback loop. Operation of the regenerative feedback loop accelerates a change in potential of the integrating electrode, causing an electrical output pulse to be generated at the integrating electrode.

Abstract: Charge refreshment in a charge transfer device is accomplished by a charge comparator in which charge is ejected over the lower one of two potential barriers, one of the potential barriers having a height controlled by input charge packets to be refreshed, the other potential barrier establishing a reference level for the comparison. The device includes a bistable latch to increase the comparison speed, the feedback nodes of the latch being isolated from the output nodes of the charge refresher comparator so that substantially none of the output charge is diverted to furnish feedback for the latch.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided comprising a plurality of master latches whose outputs are selectively connected to a single-slave latch. The outputs of the slave latch may be discretionarily connected to particular master latch inputs depending upon the specific circuit arrangement desired. Both the master latches and the slave latch may incorporate implicit input gating which implement particular logic functions.

Abstract: The herein disclosed electronically scanned antennas comprise a plurality of frequency scanned antenna sections each of which have a plurality of radiating elements and a plurality of phase shifters individually coupled to the antenna sections. Spatial steering of the beam over a predetermined angular subtense is provided in response to a change in frequency of the applied electromagnetic energy. The phase shifters are programmed to adjust the relative phase of the energy processed by each of the antenna sections so as to provide an energy beam having a coherent phase front. A first embodiment incorporates a plurality of serpentine feedlines disposed in a linear arrangement along with a plurality of phase shifters coupled thereto, which cause the plurality of feedlines to have the electrical characteristics of a single continuous feedline. A second embodiment incorporates the plurality of phase shifters as adapted to a thinned array antenna configuration.

Abstract: A switching arrangement including a current switch for providing a low impedance electrical path therethrough in response to the application of triggering signals thereto, and for providing a high impedance electrical path in the absence of the triggering signals, is connected in an electrical path between a load and an AC voltage source. A control circuit is provided for applying triggering signals to the current switch when enabling power is applied thereto. A normally open switch provides enabling power derived from the AC voltage source to the control circuit when the normally open switch is closed. A normally closed switch provides enabling power derived from current which flows through the current switch to the control circuit when the normally closed switch is closed. Upon momentary closure of the normally open switch, the switching arrangement is turned on.