Patents Represented by Attorney William Lohff
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Patent number: 5164270Abstract: An iron-based alloy with improved performance with exposure to oxygen-sulfur mixed gases with the alloy containing about 9-30 wt. % Cr and a small amount of Nb and/or Zr implanted on the surface of the alloy to diffuse a depth into the surface portion, with the alloy exhibiting corrosion resistance to the corrosive gases without bulk addition of Nb and/or Zr and without heat treatment at temperatures of 1000.degree.-1100.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1990Date of Patent: November 17, 1992Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Department of EnergyInventor: Krishnamurti Natesan
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Patent number: 4888102Abstract: A reference electrode device is provided for a high temperature electrolytic cell used to electrolytically recover uranium from spent reactor fuel dissolved in an anode pool, the device having a glass tube to enclose the electrode and electrolyte and serve as a conductive membrane with the cell electrolyte, and an outer metal tube about the glass tube to serve as a shield and basket for any glass sections broken by handling of the tube to prevent their contact with the anode pool, the metal tube having perforations to provide access between the bulk of the cell electrolyte and glass membrane.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1988Date of Patent: December 19, 1989Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventor: Robert W. Kessie
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Patent number: 4762596Abstract: A process for reducing the amount of halogens and halogen acids in high temperature combustion gases and through their removal, the formation of halogenated organics at lower temperatures, with the reduction being carried out electrochemically by contacting the combustion gas with the negative electrode of an electrochemical cell and with the halogen and/or halogen acid being recovered at the positive electrode.Type: GrantFiled: August 21, 1987Date of Patent: August 9, 1988Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Hann S. Huang, Norman F. Sather
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Patent number: 4762694Abstract: A process for extracting transition metals and particularly cobalt and manganese together with iron, copper and nickel from low grade ores (including ocean-floor nodules) by converting the metal oxides or other compositions to chlorides in a molten salt, and subsequently using a combination of selective distillation at temperatures below about 500.degree. C., electrolysis at a voltage not more negative than about -1.5 volt versus Ag/AgCl, and precipitation to separate the desired manganese and cobalt salts from other metals and provide cobalt and manganese in metallic forms or compositions from which these metals may be more easily recovered.Type: GrantFiled: August 21, 1987Date of Patent: August 9, 1988Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Victor A. Maroni, Samuel von Winbush
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Patent number: 4756747Abstract: Amorphous metallic precipitates having the formula (M.sub.1).sub.a (M.sub.2).sub.b wherein M.sub.1 is at least one transition metal, M.sub.2 is at least one main group metal and the integers "a" and "b" provide stoichiometric balance; the precipitates having a degree of local order characteristic of chemical compounds from the precipitation process and useful electrical and mechanical properties.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1986Date of Patent: July 12, 1988Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Department of EnergyInventor: Robert C. Haushalter
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Patent number: 4718361Abstract: A high temperature combustion process for an organic fuel containing sulfur n which the nitrogen of air is replaced by carbon dioxide for combination with oxygen with the ratio of CO.sub.2 /O.sub.2 being controlled to generate combustion temperatures above 2000 K. for a gas-gas reaction with SO.sub.2 and an alkali metal compound to produce a sulfate and in which a portion of the carbon-dioxide rich gas is recycled for mixing with oxygen and/or for injection as a cooling gas upstream from heating exchangers to limit fouling of the exchangers, with the remaining carbon-dioxide rich gas being available as a source of CO.sub.2 for oil recovery and other purposes.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1986Date of Patent: January 12, 1988Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Department of EnergyInventor: Gregory F. Berry
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Patent number: 4714661Abstract: A molten electrolyte fuel cell with an array of stacked cells and cell enclosures isolating each cell except for access to gas manifolds for the supply of fuel or oxidant gas or the removal of waste gas, the cell enclosures collectively providing an enclosure for the array and effectively avoiding the problems of electrolyte migration and the previous need for compression of stack components, the fuel cell further including an inner housing about and in cooperation with the array enclosure to provide a manifold system with isolated chambers for the supply and removal of gases. An external insulated housing about the inner housing provides thermal isolation to the cell components.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 1986Date of Patent: December 22, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Thomas D. Kaun, James L. Smith
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Patent number: 4698198Abstract: A plasma device for use in controlling nuclear reactions within the plasma including a first wall and blanket formed in a one-piece structure composed of a solid solution containing copper and lithium and melting above about 500.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1986Date of Patent: October 6, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventor: Dieter M. Gruen
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Patent number: 4697080Abstract: A method and modified analytical electron microscope for determining the concentration of elements in a multielement sample by exposing samples with differing thicknesses for each element to a beam of electrons, simultaneously measuring the electron dosage and x-ray intensities for each sample of element to determine a "K.sub.AB " value to be used in the equation ##EQU1## where I is intensity and C is concentration for elements A and B, and exposing the multielement sample to determine the concentrations of the elements in the sample.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1986Date of Patent: September 29, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventor: Wayne E. King
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Patent number: 4686979Abstract: Removal of abnormal human tissue with reduced thermal damage is achieved by selecting a laser having a wavelength in the order of 290-400 nm, orienting a laser-transmitting glass member toward the abnormal tissue and directing the laser through the glass member at power densities, pulse rates, and times sufficient to cause multiphoton absorption and bond breaking by Coulomb repulsion rather than thermal destruction. The glass member may include a laser beam concentrator provided by a lens or cone at the tissue-treatment end to increase the beam energy per unit area and reduce the treatment area.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1985Date of Patent: August 18, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Dieter M. Gruen, Charles E. Young, Michael J. Pellin
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Patent number: 4687717Abstract: A lithium alloy/metal sulfide battery as a dipolar battery is disclosed with an array of stacked cells with the anode and cathode electrode materials in each cell sealed in a confining structure and separated from one another except across separator material interposed therebetween. The separator material is contained in a module having separate perforated metallic sheets that sandwich opposite sides of the separator material for the cell and an annular insulating spacer that surrounds the separator material beyond the perforations and is also sandwiched between and sealed to the sheets. The peripheral edges of the sheets project outwardly beyond the spacer, traverse the side edges of the adjacent electrode material to form cup-like electrode holders, and are fused to the adjacent current collector or end face members of the array.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 1986Date of Patent: August 18, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represent by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Thomas D. Kaun, John A. Smaga
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Patent number: 4675415Abstract: A new class of organic superconductors having the formula (ET).sub.2 MX.sub.2 wherein ET represents bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene, M is a metal such as Au, Ag, In, Tl, Rb, Pd and the like and X is a halide. The superconductor (ET).sub.2 AuI.sub.2 exhibits a transition temperature of 5 K. which is high for organic superconductors.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1985Date of Patent: June 23, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Jack M. Williams, Hsien-Hau Wang, Mark A. Beno
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Patent number: 4670405Abstract: A portable instrument for use in the field in detecting and identifying a hazardous component in air or other gas including an array of small sensors which upon exposure to the gas from a pattern of electrical responses, a source of standard response patterns characteristic of various components, and microprocessor means for comparing the sensor-formed response pattern with one or more standard patterns to thereby identify the component on a display. The number of responses may be increased beyond the number of sensors by changing the operating voltage, temperature or other condition associated with one or more sensors to provide a plurality of responses from each of one or more of the sensors. In one embodiment, the instrument is capable of identifying anyone of over 50-100 hazardous components.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1984Date of Patent: June 2, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Joseph R. Stetter, Solomon Zaromb, William R. Penrose
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Patent number: 4647547Abstract: A high chromia refractory composite has been developed with improved thermal shock resistance and containing about 5-30 wt. % of unstabilized ZrO.sub.2 having a temperature-dependent phase change resulting in large expansion mismatch between the ZrO.sub.2 and the chromia matrix which causes microcracks to form during cooling in the high chromia matrix. The particle size preferably is primarily between about 0.6-5 microns and particularly below about 3 microns with an average size in the order of 1.2-1.8 microns.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1985Date of Patent: March 3, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Jitendra P. Singh, Jawana J. James, John J. Picciolo
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Patent number: 4645519Abstract: A composite formed of small desiccant particles retained in a dark matrix composed of a porous binder containing a transition metal oxide with pores to provide moisture transport with respect to the particles, and metallic fibers to remove the heat of condensation during dehumidification and provide heat for the removal of moisture during regeneration. The moisture absorbing properties of the composite may be regenerated by exposure of the dark matrix to solar radiation with dehumidification occurring at night.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1985Date of Patent: February 24, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Anthony V. Fraioli, William W. Schertz
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Patent number: 4643955Abstract: A molten carbonate fuel cell with anode and cathode electrodes and an eleolyte formed with two tile sections, one of the tile sections being adjacent the anode and limiting leakage of fuel gas into the electrolyte with the second tile section being adjacent the cathode and having pores sized to permit the presence of oxygen gas in the electrolyte thereby limiting the formation of metal deposits caused by the reduction of metal compositions migrating into the electrolyte from the cathode.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1985Date of Patent: February 17, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Department of EnergyInventors: James L. Smith, Stanley A. Zwick
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Patent number: 4633084Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for trace and other quantitative analysis with high efficiency of a component in a sample, with the analysis involving the removal by ion or other bombardment of a small quantity of ion and neutral atom groups from the sample, the conversion of selected neutral atom groups to photoions by laser initiated resonance ionization spectroscopy, the selective deflection of the photoions for separation from original ion group emanating from the sample, and the detection of the photoions as a measure of the quantity of the component. In some embodiments, the original ion group is accelerated prior to the RIS step for separation purposes. Noise and other interference are reduced by shielding the detector from primary and secondary ions and deflecting the photoions sufficiently to avoid the primary and secondary ions.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1985Date of Patent: December 30, 1986Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Dieter M. Gruen, Michael J. Pellin, Charles E. Young
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Patent number: 4632776Abstract: A new class of organic superconductors having the formula (ET).sub.2 MX.sub.2 wherein ET represents bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene, M is a metal such as Au, Ag, In, Tl, Rb, Pd and the like and X is a halide. The superconductor (ET).sub.2 AuI.sub.2 exhibits a transition temperature of 5 K which is high for organic superconductors.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 1986Date of Patent: December 30, 1986Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Jack M. Williams, Hsien-Hau Wang, Mark A. Beno
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Patent number: H302Abstract: The invention is a ceramic composition containing a new class of dispersant for hindering crack propagation by means of one or more energy-dissipative mechanisms. The composition is composed of a ceramic matrix with dispersed particles of a transformation-prone rare-earth niobate, tantalate or mixtures of these with each other and/or with a rare-earth vanadate. The dispersants, having a generic composition tRMO.sub.4, where R is a rare-earth element, B is Nb or Ta and O is oxygen, are mixed in powder form with a powder of the matrix ceramic and sintered to produce a ceramic form or body. The crack-hindering mechanisms operates to provide improved performance over a wide range of temperature and operating conditions.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1985Date of Patent: July 7, 1987Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Michael V. Nevitt, Anthony T. Aldred, Sai-Kit Chan
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Patent number: H410Abstract: A magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generating system in which ionized combustion gases with slag and seed are discharged from an MHD combustor and pressurized high temperature inlet air is introduced into the combustor for supporting fuel combustion at high temperatures necessary to ionize the combustion gases, and including a heat exchanger in the form of a continuous loop with a circulating heat transfer liquid such as copper oxide. The heat exchanger has an upper horizontal channel for providing direct contact between the heat transfer liquid and the combustion gases to cool the gases and condense the slag which thereupon floats on the heat transfer liquid and can be removed from the channel, and a lower horizontal channel for providing direct contact between the heat transfer liquid and pressurized air for preheating the inlet air. The system further includes a seed separator downstream of the heat exchanger.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 1981Date of Patent: January 5, 1988Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Gregory F. Berry, Vladimir Minkov, Michael Petrick