Abstract: The vibrator system of this invention provides conversion of rotary motion to an unidirectional motion and may be used to propel watervessels. The vibrator system involves a rotating vibrator unit which bears large and small rotating eccentric weights. A gear arrangement provides synchronized rotation of the weights which results in a net unidirectional force. In a second embodiment, two vibrator units are mounted on a single frame and are rotated in synchrony.

Abstract: Polyamino acids or their salts mixed with citric acid or its salts, in a ratio of 75:25 to 0.1:99.9, polyamino acid or its salt to citric acid or its salts, and especially in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:99 polyamino acids or their salts to citric acid or its salts, provide a much higher rate of chelation of calcium ion than expected on the basis of the addition of the polyamino acid to citric acid. Such mixtures may be used in high volume water applications such as boiler, cooling, oil well, agricultural sprays and irrigation water. They are also useful in preventing scale formation on fabrics when formulated with laundry detergents and in preventing scale formation on glassware when formulated in dishwashing detergents.

Abstract: Polyaspartate, useful for inhibition of incrustations due to materials causing hardness in water and of value in detergent formulations, can be prepared by reacting maleic acid or fumaric acid in a molar ratio of 1:1-2.1 at temperatures greater than 190.degree. C., followed by conversion of the polymer formed in this reaction to a salt of polyaspartic acid by basic hydrolysis.

Abstract: Higher molecular weight copolymers of polyaspartic acid which are suitable for the inhibition of scale deposition may be obtained by reacting maleic acid and ammonia in a stoichiometric excess, with a diamine or a triamine, at 120.degree.-350.degree. C., preferably 180.degree.-300.degree. C., and then converting the copolymer of polysuccinimide formed to a salt of a copolymer of polyaspartic acid by hydrolysis with a hydroxide. Alkyl or substituted alkyl groups may be incorporated in the backbone of the polymer by adding a alkyl or substituted alkyl monoamine to maleic acid and ammonia and heating at 120.degree. C. or more until polymerization has occurred.

Abstract: This invention discloses the usefulness of D-tagatose as a treatment for hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, and the inhibition of formation of advanced glycosylation end-products associated with the aging process.This invention discloses edible formulations and pharmaceutical compositions containing D-tagatose and the effect of consumption of such formulations on blood level of glucose. D-Tagatose was found to be an anti-hyperglycemic agent. In addition, consumption of D-tagatose in sweetened formulations to inhibit formation of advanced glycosylation end-products in mammals is disclosed. The combination of the anti-hyperglycemic effect and the inhibition of formation of glycosylated proteins and nucleic acids make D-tagatose an ideal agent for alleviating the complications resulting from hyperglycemia, including acceleration of the aging process.

Abstract: Copolymers of polyamino acids formed by reaction of polysuccinimide with alkyl, alkenyl, aromatic amines or alkyl and alkenyl polyamines are useful as inhibitors of mineral scale deposition. Such compounds may be used in high volume water applications such as boiler, cooling, oil well, agricultural sprays and irrigation water. They are also useful in preventing scale formation on fabrics when formulated with laundry detergents and in preventing scale formation on glassware when formulated in dishwashing detergents.

Abstract: Copolymers of polyamino acids formed by reaction of an alcohol with maleic anhydride to form the half ester followed by addition of ammonia, ammonia and an amine, or ammonia and a polyamine. The mixture is then heated to 120.degree.-350.degree. C. to form polysuccinimide or a derivative thereof. The resulting polysuccinimide may be hydrolyzed to form a derivative of polyaspartic acid or its salt.

Abstract: Solutions of polymers of aspartic acid or its amine copolymers prepared by thermal condensation are reacted with a decolorizing agent selected from the group consisting of hypochlorfte, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, a peroxycarboxylate or ozone, sufficient in strength to effect the desired decolorization.

Abstract: Polyaspartate, useful or inhibition of incrustations due to materials causing hardness in water and of value in detergent formulations, can be prepared by reacting maleic acid or fumaric acid in a molar ratio of 1:1-2.1 at temperatures greater than 170.degree. C., followed by conversion of the polymer formed in this reaction to a salt of polyaspartic acid by basic hydrolysis.

Abstract: An oral pharmaceutical composition comprising a hydrophobic resin or ion exchange resin which has a therapeutic agent bound thereto forming an agent-resin complex is disclosed. The complex is coated with a water-permeable diffusion barrier of poly(vinyl alcohol) polymer cryogel.

Abstract: Higher molecular weight copolymers of polyaspartic acid which are suitable for the inhibition of scale deposition may be obtained by reacting maleic acid and ammonia in a stoichiometric excess, with a diamine or a triamine, at 120.degree.-350.degree. C., preferably 180.degree.-300.degree. C., and then converting the copolymer of polysuccinimide formed to a salt of a copolymer of polyaspartic acid by hydrolysis with a hydroxide.

Abstract: An spray gun extension used in the application of liquids such as paints and other coatings, cleaning solutions, solvents, blasting agents, solvents, sealants, lubricants and pesticides in high volume low pressure spraying. The extension allow the application of such liquids to areas above, below, around, behind, or into devices or fixtures not visible and otherwise inaccessible to the applicator. The extension is rotatively mounted to the spray gun. A spray head is rotatively mounted on the extension. A variety of spray nozzles may be used, including a fixed nozzle, and a nozzle which may be used to vary the spray pattern width and fan shape. Liquid flow is controlled by a needle valve near the end of the extension. The extension may be used to spray straight ahead or at any angle including back toward the spray gun.

Abstract: Copolymers of polyamino acids formed by reaction of polysuccinimide with alkyl, alkenyl, aromatic amines or alkyl and alkenyl polyamines are useful as inhibitors of tartar deposition. Such compounds may be used in conventional dentrifice compositions to prevent tartar deposition on natural or false teeth.

Abstract: A controlled-release bandage containing therapeutic agents in a poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel is disclosed. The bandage may include particulate absorbants such as ion exchange resins and hydrophobic particles to further insure controlled and constant release of therapeutic agents. The bandage may also include plasticizing agents to provide softness in the event of drying the bandage.

Abstract: An improved utility razor safety knife is disclosed. The knife hood is normally in the closed position where the blade is protected. The hood may be locked in the closed position by a sliding hood lock. The hood pivots into the open position, exposing the razor blade, when the knife is in use. The hood is stabilized in its movement and biased toward the closed position by a yoke with two legs which is attached to an arm on the handle. Springs on the yoke bias the hood toward the closed position. Springs of varying gauges may be used to vary the closing impulse on the hood. The legs of the yoke exert their influence through footing pieces which are received by socket-bearing footing rests attached to the sides of the hood. The footing rests stabilize the knife in an upright position when the knife is resting on a surface and also stabilize the razor blade during cutting.

Abstract: Free flowing, substantially pure, non-hygroscopic crystalline .beta.-L-gulopyranose is disclosed. This crystalline form of L-gulose is characterized by a sharp melting point of 130.degree.-132.degree. C., a specific optical rotation of +40.degree., characteristic mutarotation, a characteristic X-ray powder diffraction pattern, and a characteristic infrared spectrum. A method for preparation of crystalline .beta.-L-gulopyranose from L-gulose syrup is also disclosed. This method involves dilution of the L-gulose syrup, followed by initiation of crystallization, and isolation of .beta.-L-gulopyranose crystals. Crystalline .beta.-L-gulopyranose may be used as an alternative non-caloric or reduced caloric sweetener which substitutes for sucrose or dextrose in commercial dry prepared mixes for making beverages, cakes, puddings, breads, and the like. In addition, crystalline .beta.

Abstract: Free flowing, substantially pure, non-hygroscopic, crystalline .beta.-D-gulopyranose is disclosed. This crystalline form of D-gulose is characterized by a sharp melting point of 130.degree.-132.degree. C., a specific optical rotation of -40.degree. and characteristic mutarotation. A method for preparation of crystalline .beta.-D-gulopyranose from D-gulose syrup is also disclosed. This method involves dilution of the D-gulose syrup, followed by initiation of crystallization, and isolation of .beta.-D-gulopyranose crystals. Crystalline .beta.-D-gulopyranose may be used as an excipient, a chelating agent, a pharmaceutical intermediate, a cleaning agent for glass and metals, a food additive, and as an additive for detergents.

Abstract: This invention discloses methods for manufacture and use of poly(ammonium acrylate) and polyacrylamide hydrogels in agricultural applications. Such hydrogels are applied to the soil or the plants by spraying. Spraying is advantageous over other methods of application, such as mixing with soil and broadcasting because of enhanced plant contact, evenness of distribution, and reduced labor. The gels are prepared for spraying by adding water to provide a readily deformable polymer which will pass through a spray apparatus. The hydrogels sprayed may include additives including micronutrients, maconutrients, pesticides, microbes, plant growth regulators, surfactants, and freezing point modifiers. Use of the hydrogels saves irrigation water and ameliorates salting of irrigated cropland. Sprayed hydrogels may also be used to protect crops from freezing and to protect foliage from desiccation.

Abstract: A vibratory device which provides vibratory motions for screens, shakers, and vehicles which utilize such motions is described. Rotatory motion is imparted to a rotating frame which transmits to motion to an unbalanced weight assembly. Rotation of the unbalanced weight assembly generates vibratory forces in defined directions. The rotating frame imparts a gyroscopic effect which stabilizes the vibratory device in all directions other than those in which vibration is desired.

Abstract: This invention is an improved bilingual dictionary in which cognates are physically distinguished from other words. Cognates are words which are identical in meaning and similar in spelling in two languages. Such words are distinguished from other words in the dictionary by being printed against a distinctly colored background, by being printed with distinctly colored ink, by being printed in a distinguishing typeface, by location in a column of words, or by adjacent symbols. The object of this bilingual dictionary is to facilitate a student's recognition and appreciation of the number of words in a second language which the student already knows without additional study.