Abstract: Frameworks and methods for executing large-scale build and operate programs, such as sporting events, and particularly an Olympic Games. A framework of interlinked build, operate, and management processes is formed in accordance with the program requirements, which are specified in terms of deliverable products or service levels. Links between individual processes can only be traversed when exit criteria are satisfied. Methodologies are described that can be used to determine the exit criteria. Once a framework is established, a schedule control plan, by way of significant milestones, is determined. The milestones are chosen to correspond with links between processes that span process streams or project teams.

Abstract: Provided are methods, apparatus and computer programs for identifying vulnerabilities to viruses of hacking. Hash values are computed and stored for resources stored on systems within a network. If a first resource or a collection of resources (such as files comprising an operating system, Web Browser or mail server) is associated with a vulnerability, hash values for the first resource or collection of resources are compared with the stored hash values to identify systems which have the vulnerability. Messages may be sent to the people responsible for the vulnerable systems, or the vulnerability may be removed by automatic downloading of patches or service packs.

Abstract: Statements of a computer program expressed using a first source natural language are made meaningful to a programmer familiar with a second target natural language. The first source natural language of the computer program is determined from the programmer, or through analysis, and the second target natural language desired by the programmer is selected. Textual constructs may be parsed, with reference to stored coding conventions to determine meaningful lexical tokens. Such tokens are translated with a translation engine, and displayed to the programmer, desirably using a graphical user interface feature of an integrated development environment (IDE) for computer programming in a particular programming language.

Abstract: A system, method, and program product for accessing or retrieving on a computer network the required software to process a file is disclosed. It is determined, when accessing a file, whether or not software required to process this file is already installed on the user's computing device, depending upon the type of the file. If the required software is not installed on the user's device, the address of a server from which this software can be downloaded or accessed through the network is extracted and decoded from the filename of the accessed file. A browser or file transfer program is launched on the user's computing device and a request for the required software package is sent from the user's computing device to the server corresponding to the decoded address from which it is downloaded or accessed. The software is then unpacked, if necessary, and installed so as to process the accessed file.

Abstract: A chip package having an array of leads, wherein successive leads are staggered in all three dimensions (X, Y, and Z) relative to one another. Such a staggered arrangement permits a large number of leads available in a confined space while maintaining the minimum separation necessary between adjacent leads. The leads are formed by placing asymmetric top and bottom masks on a lead frame, and partially etching the top of the lead frame, while partially and over etching the bottom of the lead frame. Although the resulting leads are staggering in three dimensions, no additional processing steps are needed beyond those used to fabricate conventional packages.

Abstract: Transfer printing from pad (9) is made in a pattern of resist (15) which covers a via (3) on a circuit board (1) metalized with a continuous copper layer (7). After transfer of resist material (14) to the pad, the pattern on the pad is hardened enough to be self-supporting by applying moderate radiation or allowing solvent to escape from the resist on the pad. The resist is transferred from the pad to the circuit board (1) and is then fully hardened, and the circuit board is immersed in etchant to remove unprotected copper (7). Copper in the covered vias is protected and therefore separate metalizations of vias is avoided. Since pad printing is particularly useful in general with three dimensional circuit boards, the use of pad printing to avoid separate metalization of vias is economic since it involves little additional to the general use.