Abstract: A measurement device having a correction grating associated with a gauge and deflects two diffracted partial beams overlappingly, at a very small angle (.alpha.), onto a single coupling grating. From there, two waveguides located closely beside one another are used to introduce the beams into a coupler and the beams are superimposed and evaluated in a known manner. Thus, a position measuring device can be drastically reduced in its structural size with the aid of an integrated optical component.

Abstract: When an n-type semiconductor layer is formed on a p-type semiconductor layer in a device such as a semiconductor multi-layer film, the n-type semiconductor layer is formed by adding a p-type dopant as well as an n-type dopant simultaneously. In a double heterostructure semiconductor laser including an AlGaInP active layer and AlGaInP cladding layers, when an n-type current blocking layer is formed on the p-type cladding layer, the n-type current blocking layer is formed by adding a p-type dopant as well as an n-type dopant simultaneously.

Abstract: A system and several strategies for controlling a continuously variable transmission with an improved secondary servo arrangement in order to efficiently provide sufficient clamping forces under high torque conditions. The valving means allowing for the relative movement of the second variable pulley's movable sheave includes a valving arrangement operative to regulate the secondary apply pressure at or below the hydraulic source pressure and distinct from the primary line pressure. Control signals are developed to prevent belt slip and to efficiently launch a vehicle, maintain the necessary primary to secondary clamping force ratio in overdrive conditions, and avoid overpressurization of the secondary servo for many vehicle operating conditions.

Abstract: A method is provided for measuring the concentration of a constituent of a fluid sample, e.g. glucose in a glucose-containing blood sample, by means of an electrode device. Also provided are an electrode device comprising the electrodes used in the method, a sensor electrode for use in the method, and an apparatus for use in the measurement of the concentration of the constituent in the sample.

Abstract: A chewing gum elastomer is stabilized with a specific mixture of tocopherol homologs, thereby eliminating the need for synthetic antioxidants. The mixture of tocopherol homologs falls within the range of 7-20% by weight alpha tocopherol, 45-75% by weight gamma tocopherol, 18-32% by weight delta tocopherol and, optionally, 0-3% by weight beta tocopherol.

Abstract: An eye tracking device that utilizes light detection devices for determining the visual axis and point of regard of a user. The light detection devices are arranged in such a way, such as embedded in a thin film, so as to be curved around the optical axis of the eye. In this way, the light detection devices are always coincident with source-emitted light reflected from the fovea. The curved arrangement of light detection devices are mounted onto a head or facial apparatus, which has a mild reflector on its outside surface to keep external light noise at a minimum. Conversion circuitry, such as a pyramid cascade circuit or a microprocessor circuit, determines the position of the fovea-reflected light and computes the visual axis and point of regard of the user at a very rapid rate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an improved bottle opener incorporated on a key having a head and a body. The head has a U-shaped cutout at a downward angle in the range of about 30.degree. to about 60.degree. with fulcrum and lifting edges. The cutout has a width of about -5% to about +8% that of the thickness of a bottle cap. The fulcrum edge has a radius at the cutout opening that engages the top of a bottle cap without puncturing it. The lifting edge passes beneath the rim of the bottle cap, and the body is long enough to provide leverage sufficient to remove the bottle cap.

Abstract: A method for filtration assaying a particulate sample labelled with low-energy radioactive isotopes measurable by scintillation counting. The method aspect of the invention includes the step of providing a sample comprising sample particles labelled with low-energy radioactive isotopes in a liquid medium. Scintillant particles are added to the liquid medium. The sample is then filtered with a filter medium adapted to retain the sample particles and the particles of scintillant, such that after filtration the sample particles are each surrounded by scintillant. A photodetector is then used to detect light emitted by the scintillant on the filter medium.

Abstract: A control system for a continuously variable transmission reduces the noise generated as a result of the use of an articulated belt for connecting the first and second variable pulleys. The control system dithers the ratio set point in order to prevent a cyclic repetition of the forces between the belt and the pulleys. This reduces the amplitude of noise peaks generated at discrete frequencies by operation of the transmission resulting in a decrease in the level of perceived noise.

Abstract: An apparatus for and method abating discharges of chemicals into the environment. The apparatus comprises a retractable top and a shroud to trap and recondense vapors emanating from open-top chemical processing and solvent cleaning tanks. The retractable top is formed by a plurality of panels that are pivotally attached to the top of the tank. The temperature of the interior surfaces of the panels is controlled to create an equithermal zone across the top of the tank.

Abstract: A roller chain is provided with the links having extending butt portions to prevent excess inward movement of the chain. The butts may be located on the inner links or outer links. A silent chain with block lacing is also provided with the butt portions on the guide links.

Abstract: An athletic glove pocket-forming and shaping device has been invented which, in preferred embodiments, comprises a pocket formation bulbous member in a generally pear-shaped configuration, with a first large end for forming a pocket and a second smaller tapered end for forming a heel taper in the glove. The preferred embodiments also include a means for supplying heat from the device to a glove in which the device is placed, a conditioning fluid compartment inside the bulbous member and in fluid contact with a conditioning fluid applicator, a hinge-forming spine and a barrier ridge-forming spine on the surface of the bulbous member adjustably spaced from one another and one or more restraining straps for securing the athletic glove in a closed form around the bulbous member.

Abstract: An abhesive, high flavor impact chewing gum is provided which has reduced plasticization. The chewing gum includes a non-tack chewing gum base, one or more sweeteners, and a spray dried flavor ingredient containing spearmint flavor, wintergreen flavor, citrus oil or food acceptable aliphatic esters. A method for preparing the abhesive, high flavor impact chewing gum is also provided.

Abstract: A blade-type chain tensioner constructed from a plastic shoe and a blade spring. The shoe is slightly arcuate and has a pocket along its concave side. At each end of the pocket is a cavity. The blade spring is substantially more arcuate than the shoe and is rectangular. The blade spring is further dimensioned to allow each end of the blade spring to be mounted in the pocket having an end in each cavity at the end of a shoe. Through this configuration the blade spring is mechanically interlocked with the shoe without the use of fasteners or cutouts. The blade spring places a load on the shoe and causing the shoe to creep at an elevated temperature and thereby provide tension to a chain.

Abstract: A recording apparatus has both a copier function and a fax printing function. The recording apparatus is provided with a photoconductive member, an original table on which an original is placed, and a scanner for scanning the original placed on the original table to project an image of the original onto the photoconductive member so that an electrostatic latent image may be formed on the photoconductive member. An optical print head is provided for forming an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductive member based on an electric signal. Accordingly, the recording apparatus has two modes, a copy mode in which an electrostatic latent image is formed by an operation of the scanner and a print mode in which an electrostatic latent image is formed by an operation of the optical print head. A plurality of sensors are provided for detecting the operation of the scanner, which is controlled by a controller in each of the copy mode and the print mode.