Abstract: A process is disclosed for the manufacture of microcapsules which comprises the steps of preparing hydrophobic and hydrophilic phase components. The hydrophobic phase component comprises a homogeneous solution of an electron donating chromogenic material and a hydrophobic material. The hydrophilic phase component comprises a mixture of a regulating agent and water, the regulating agent being a starch material. The hydrophobic phase component is combined with a hydrophilic phase component to form an oil-in-water emulsion. The oil-in-water emulsion further contains aqueous solutions of urea, resorcinol and formaldehyde. The pH of the oil-in-water emulsion is adjusted to a level at which the capsule wall forming reaction is initiated by the addition of a catalyst. The temperature of the partially reacted oil-in-water emulsion is then elevated to from about 50.degree. C. to about 80.degree. C.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to production of a photographic film assembly substantially free of optical pinholes for use as a base for negatives in self-developing film packs. The assembly comprises a paper layer and first and second layers of polyolefin adhered to opposite sides of the paper layer. The paper layer has a caliper of about 2 mils to about 4.5 mils and a basis weight of about 55 g/m.sup.2 to about 125 g/m.sup.2. The first and second polyolefin layers each have a layer weight of about 10 g/m.sup.2 to about 48 g/m.sup.2. Carbon black is uniformly dispersed in at least two out of the three layers. The total amount of carbon black in the assembly is about 2.5 g/m.sup.2 to about 4.0 g/m.sup.2.

Abstract: An improved drum closure assembly which includes a ring member and a cover member, the cover member being cooperatively sized for a fitted, overlapping relationship with the ring member. The ring member comprises outer and inner ring portions which are angularly displaced from parallel to one another. The cover member includes a top cover member and an annular wall member designed to about the outer ring portion of the ring member and to seal the assembly when in use.

Abstract: Apparatus for positioning a chime ring member of a drum closure assembly into an interference, fitted relationship, with a fibre drum. The apparatus comprises a support frame and a sliding head assembly mounted on the support frame. The sliding head assembly includes a chime ring retaining member. A drum support assembly is also mounted on the support frame and includes a first and second drum retention means. The first drum retention means prevent movement of the drum during positioning of the chime ring member while the second drum retention means guides the concentric expansion of the top portion of the drum. Means are also provided for actuating movement of the sliding head assembly as well as a source of power for supplying energy to the sliding head assembly.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a pressure-sensitive carbonless transfer sheet comprising preparing a solution of a first chromogenic material, the solution of the first chromogenic material including at least one chromogenic compound dissolved in a carrier oil, and the first chromogenic material being reactive with a second chromogenic material in the presence of the carrier oil to form a color. The solution of the first chromogenic material is mixed with a liquid radiation curable substance to form a coating composition, the liquid radiation curable substance being curable to a frangible resin and compatible with the color-forming capabilities of said first chromogenic material. A film forming material is applied to a substrate, the film forming material being settable to form a barrier layer which substantially prevents penetration of the substrate by the coating composition upon application of the coating composition to the substrate.

Abstract: A manually portable fluid ink tack tester (10) for sampling and testing the tack of printing inks during press runs has two engaged, rotating rolls (25,26) mounted on parallel axes and in rolling contact on the tester frame (15). One (26) is extended outwardly from the frame (15) to expose the surface of the roll for contacting an ink coated surface and receiving an ink sample therefrom. After receiving the ink, the tester (10) is removed from the ink coated surface and a motor (35) in the tester (10) rotates the rolls (25,26). The force necessary to split the ink between the two rolls (25,26) is measured (13,40) and displayed (13,48), giving an indication of the tack of the ink.

Abstract: A controlled temperature shipping assembly is disclosed which comprises a container, a plurality of liquid retention members and temperature control means. The container includes both an outer protective layer and an inner insulating layer. The outer protective layer and the insulating layer define a shipping cavity containing the liquid retention members and the temperature control means. The liquid retention members are removably positioned in the shipping cavity such that at least one surface of each of the liquid retention members is in direct contact with at least one surface of the temperature control means. The temperature control means are positioned in the shipping cavity such that the temperature of each of the liquid retention members can be controlled below predetermined levels.

Abstract: An improved drum closure assembly which includes a ring member and a cover member, the cover member being cooperatively sized for a fitted, overlapping relationship with the ring member. The ring member comprises outer and inner ring portions which are angularly displaced from parallel to one another. The cover member includes a top cover member and an annular wall member designed to abut the outer ring portion of the ring member and to seal the assembly when in use.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of a hot melt coating composition containing microcapsules. The process comprises the steps of preparing a dispersion of substantially discrete microcapsules in a volatile solvent continuous phase. A hot melt suspending medium is prepared, the hot melt suspending medium having a melting point of from about 50.degree. C. to about 140.degree. C. and a melting point range of less than about 15.degree. C., the hot melt suspending medium being in a fluid state. The dispersion of substantia lly discrete microcapsules in a volatile solvent is then mixed with the fluid hot melt suspending medium with turbulent agitation to form an intimate mixture of the dispersion of microcapsules and the hot melt suspending medium. Heat and a vacuum are applied to the mixture, while maintaining the agitation, until the volatile solvent is substantially removed from the mixture to form a dispersion of substantially discrete microcapsules in the liquid hot melt suspending medium.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a coating composition containing microcapsules having a hydrophilic core material for use in the manufacture of pressure-sensitive carbonless transfer papers comprising the following steps of preparing a hydrophobic emulsion component by dispersing an emulsifier in a radiation curable hydrophobic liquid, preparing a hydrophilic emulsion component by dispersing a first wall-forming material in a hydrophilic liquid containing at least one chromogenic material being soluble in the hydrophilic liquid, the first wall-forming material being reactive with a second wall-forming material to form a polymeric capsule wall, the polymeric capsule wall being substantially insoluble in the hydrophilic and the hydrophobic liquids and mixing the hydrophobic emulsion component with the hydrophilic emulsion component to form an emulsion containing droplets of the hydrophilic emulsion component dispersed in the hydrophobic emulsion component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a radiation curable coating composition containing microcapsules having a hydrophobic liquid core as follows: An emulsion containing droplets of hydrophobic emulsion component dispersed in a hydrophilic liquid component is prepared. The hydrophobic emulsion component comprises a hydrophobic liquid and a first wall-forming material soluble therein and capable of reacting by condensation polymerization with a second wall-forming material to form a polymeric capsule wall which is substantially insoluble in, and impermeable to, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic emulsion components. The hydrophilic emulsion component comprises an emulsifier and a radiation curable hydrophilic liquid which comprises water and at least one radiation curable polar compound. The emulsion also contains the second wall-forming material.

Abstract: A novel metal modified novolak resin is prepared. The metal modified novolak resin is an electron acceptor and is further characterized by its compatability with the surface properties of a paper substrate. The metal modified novolak resin comprises a reaction product of a novolak resin and a metal salt. The novolak resin is a reaction product of a mixture containing a para-substituted phenol selected from the group consisting of paraalkylphenols having alkyl groups of about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, para-phenylphenol and mixtures thereof, salicylic acid and formaldehyde.The novel metal modified novolak resin is prepared by heating a mixture containing one or more para-substituted phenols, salicylic acid, formaldehyde and an acid catalyst for a period of time sufficient to substantially completely react the phenols, salicylic acid and formaldehyde to form a melted novolak resin. The melted novolak resin is mixed with a zinc salt in an inert atmosphere to form the metal modified novolak resin.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of a release paper for casting thermoplastic films comprising applying an aqueous coating composition containing an adhesion primer to at least one surface of a paper substrate, and drying the coated substrate. Thereafter, applying a molten film of a low density polyethylene over the coated surface, the molten film of low density polyethylene having an extrusion melt temperature of from about 425.degree. F. to about 575.degree. F., adhering the low density polyethylene film to the coated surface and cooling the low density polyethylene film to a temperature below the melt point of the low density polyethylene. A release paper for casting thermoplastic films is produced comprising a paper substrate and a layer of low density polyethylene adhered to at least one surface of the paper substrate. The polyethylene layer is adhered to the paper substrate by a layer of an adhesion primer. The low density polyethylene has a density of from about 0.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a pressure-sensitive carbonless record sheet comprising the steps of preparing a hot melt coating composition, the hot melt coating composition having a melting point of from about 60.degree. C. to about 140.degree. C. The hot melt coating composition comprises a chromogenic material and a solid alkane dioic acid. The hot melt coating composition is heated to a temperature above its melting point and the heated coating composition is applied to a substrate, the coating composition being applied at a coat weight of from about 0.2 pounds to about 8.0 pounds per 3300 square feet of substrate. The coating composition is set by cooling the coated substrate. A pressure-sensitive carbonless record sheet comprising a substrate having a plurality of surfaces and at least one surface of which is coated with about 0.2 pounds to about 8 pounds per 3300 square feet of a set hot melt coating composition is produced.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a coating composition containing microcapsules having a hydrophilic core material for use in the manufacture of pressure-sensitive carbonless transfer papers comprising the following steps of preparing a hydrophobic emulsion component by dispersing an emulsifier in a radiation curable hydrophobic liquid, preparing a hydrophilic emulsion component by dispersing a first wall-forming material in a hydrophilic liquid containing at least one chromogenic material being soluble in the hydrophilic liquid, the first wall-forming material being reactive with a second wall-forming material to form a polymeric capsule wall, the polymeric capsule wall being substantially insoluble in the hydrophilic and the hydrophobic liquids and mixing the hydrophobic emulsion component with the hydrophilic emulsion component to form an emulsion containing droplets of the hydrophilic emulsion component dispersed in the hydrophobic emulsion component.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive carbonless transfer sheet comprising a substrate having a plurality of surfaces, at least one of the surfaces being coated with a tack-free resinous film comprising a radiation cured resin having dispersed therein microcapsules containing a hydrophilic liquid containing at least one chromogenic material, the chromogenic material being soluble in the hydrophilic liquid.

Abstract: A novel chromogenic composition is produced comprising at least one color precursor dissolved in a carrier oil, the carrier oil being a weakly polar solvent having a boiling point of from about 180.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C., the color precursor being of the electron donor type and being reactive with color developers of the electron acceptor type to form an image and a liquid radiation curable substance, the liquid radiation curable substance being selected from the group consisting of isocyanate modified acrylic, methacrylic and itaconic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, acrylic prepolymers derived from partial esterification of pentaerythritol with acrylic acid and acrylic acid esters and mixtures thereof, the liquid radiation curable substance being curable to a frangible resin upon exposure to radiation. The coating composition has a viscosity in the range of about 1000 cps. to about 3500 cps.

Abstract: A drum closure assembly which includes a ring member and a cover member, the cover member being cooperatively sized for insertion into the ring member. The ring member comprises outer and inner ring portions which are angularly displaced from parallel to one another. The cover member includes a top cover member and an annular wall member designed to abut the inner ring portion of the ring member and to seal the assembly when in use.