Abstract: The invention provides apparatus and methods which facilitate movement of an instrument relative to an item or location being monitored and/or the item or location relative to the instrument, whilst successfully excluding extraneous ions from the detection location. Thus, ions generated by emissions from the item or location can successfully be monitored during movement. The technique employs sealing to exclude such ions, for instance, through an electro-field which attracts and discharges the ions prior to their entering the detecting location and/or using a magnetic field configured to repel the ions away from the detecting location.

Abstract: There are provided a channel estimation unit for achieving highly accurate channel estimation, a CDMA receiver and a CDMA transceiver with the channel estimation unit. Channel estimates of data symbols are obtained from pilot symbols in a combined symbol sequence which has a plurality of slots and includes the data symbols and the pilot symbols. First, the pilot symbols in the combined symbol sequence are located. Second, pilot blocks are generated by extracting the pilot symbols from two or more slots in the combined symbol sequence. Third, channel estimates of the data symbols are obtained by calculating a weighted sum of averages of the pilot symbols in the individual pilot blocks. The weighted sum is carried out using appropriate weighting factors for individual data symbols in each slot. This enables highly accurate channel estimation.

Abstract: A pivotable folding utility table includes a table top having a pair of support pedestals pivotally attached thereto. A first pivotal support brace including a distal end and a proximal end attached to the first support pedestal. A second pivotal support brace including a distal end and a proximal end attached to the second support pedestal. The distal ends of the first and second pivotal support braces pivotally attached to a retaining assembly preferably mounted in relation to the table top. Specifically, the retaining assembly includes a cross-brace member operably disposed through openings formed in the distal ends of the first and second pivotal support braces, thus providing a pivotal engagement in relation to the table top.

Abstract: A dental apparatus for maintaining the mouth of a patient in an open position during a dental procedure. The apparatus includes a bite block that is inserted into the patient's mouth between the upper and lower teeth on either side of a patient's mouth. Disposed in operable relation to the bite block is a tongue suppressor for confinement of the patient's tongue within a desired location, such as the bottom cavity, of the patient's mouth. The tongue suppressor includes a retention arm that extends across the tongue laterally away from the bite block. The bite block includes features, such as a plurality of slots or paired recesses, that allow for a portion of the tongue suppressor, such as the retention arm, retention prongs or an adjustment peg to be selectively inserted and retracted relative to the bite block to provide for lateral adjustment of the tongue suppressor relative to the bite block.

Abstract: A bite block system for maintaining the mouth of the patient in an open position during a dental procedure. In one embodiment, the bite block includes a plastically deformable material on at least a surface thereof for making an impression of the patient's teeth. Such customized bite blocks provide greater safety and comfort. In another aspect, a tongue suppressing bite block system includes a bite block and a tongue suppressor adjustably attached thereto so that the tongue suppressor can be adjusted horizontally or vertically relative to the bite block to account for variations in the size of patient's mouths, teeth and tongues. In another aspect of the invention, an anatomical tongue suppressor is provided for use with a bite block. The anatomical tongue suppressor wraps around the side and underneath the tongue in order to cradle it in a more comfortable and secure fashion when in use with a bite block.

Abstract: A treadmill with an adjustable cushioning mechanism configured to adjustably cushion the impact to a user who is exercising on the treadmill. The adjustable cushioning members allow the user to select the amount of cushioning that will be provided while the user is exercising on the treadmill by adjusting the cushioning members to individualize the amount of cushioning for a specific user as well as for a particular type of exercises. The treadmill comprises a frame and an endless belt trained on the frame. The belt has an upwardly exposed exercise section. A deck is disposed between the exercise section of the belt and the frame. The treadmill also comprises a plurality of cushioning members each having a plurality of portions with different cushioning properties. The cushioning members are positioned on opposing sides of the frame.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring fluid pressure includes a reusable base section, and a disposable dome section detachably connected to the base section. The disposable dome section defines a fluid pathway and includes a dome viewing segment in fluid communication with a flush segment and a stopcock segment. A pressure transducer sensor is disposed in the reusable base section and is adapted to produce electrical signals proportional to fluid pressures sensed in the fluid pathway. A usage indicator can be disposed in the base section to provide a visual indication of usage of the apparatus within a predetermined number of uses. A calibration port can be provided in the base section to allow for simple calibration by the user without violating the sterility of the apparatus. The ability to reuse the base section with the sensor component reduces the cost of the apparatus, while the disposability of the dome section with the fluid pathway ensures sterility for each use.

Abstract: A video timing system and method. The method typically includes receiving from an input video stream an input video field in a video buffer, transmitting an output video field from the video buffer to an output video stream, measuring a time interval between a predetermined point on the input video field and a predetermined point on the output video field, and altering timing of the output video stream where the time interval is outside a predetermined range.

Abstract: An integrated optical polarization beam splitter/combiner and isolator (IPBC) is disclosed. In one disclosed aspect, the IPBC may comprise a first birefringent crystal optically configured to receive two rays incident at an angle, a rotator configured to rotate the rays received, and a second birefringent crystal positioned to receive the rays from the rotator. The IPBC may be configured to combine the rays in a forward direction, and isolate said two rays in a reverse direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for increasing the perceived quality of displayed images. This is achieved in a variety of ways including the use of a plurality of device specific display characteristics when preparing images for display. It is also achieved through the monitoring of display device and/or ambient light conditions, e.g., on a periodic basis, and using the obtained information when controlling display output. Another approach to improving the perceived quality of displayed images involves the use of information relating to a specific user's ability to perceive image characteristics such as color. By customizing display output to an individual user's own physical perception capabilities and/or viewing characteristics it is possible to enhance the image quality perceived by the individual viewer as compared to embodiments which do not take into consideration individual user characteristics.

Abstract: Oil field management systems and methods for managing operation of one or more wells producing a high void fraction multiphase flow. The system includes a differential pressure flow meter which samples pressure readings at various points of interest throughout the system and uses pressure differentials derived from the pressure readings to determine gas and liquid phase mass flow rates of the high void fraction multiphase flow. One or both of the gas and liquid phase mass flow rates are then compared with predetermined criteria. In the event such mass flow rates satisfy the predetermined criteria, a well control system implements a correlating adjustment action respecting the multiphase flow. In this way, various parameters regarding the high void fraction multiphase flow are used as control inputs to the well control system and thus facilitate management of well operations.

Abstract: A small sized electro-optic voltage sensor capable of accurate measurement of high voltages without contact with a conductor or voltage source is provided. When placed in the presence of an electric field, the sensor receives an input beam of electromagnetic radiation. A polarization beam displacer separates the input beam into two beams with orthogonal linear polarizations and causes one linearly polarized beam to impinge a crystal at a desired angle independent of temperature. The Pockels effect elliptically polarizes the beam as it travels through the crystal. A reflector redirects the beam back through the crystal and the beam displacer. On the return path, the polarization beam displacer separates the elliptically polarized beam into two output beams of orthogonal linear polarization. The system may include a detector for converting the output beams into electrical signals and a signal processor for determining the voltage based on an analysis of the output beams.

Abstract: The invention discloses a retractable antenna system for wireless communication devices. The invention allows the entire antenna assembly, including ground plane and impedance matching circuitry, to be moved away from the wireless communication device and extend beyond any housing, such as a portable computer, to improve antenna performance. The disclosed embodiments include movable sections which can move the ground plane and active radiating element of the antenna outside a housing which encloses or partially encloses the communication device, such as when a PC Card cellular modem is placed within the housing of a laptop or notebook computer. Other embodiments include sections which are detachable from the wireless communication device.

Abstract: Self ligating orthodontic brackets include a bracket base and a ligation cover which interacts with the base in order to provide ligation of at least one arch wire associated with the base. The orthodontic brackets may include one or more of the following improved features: (1) a film hinge about which a ligation cover may rotate; (2) a bearing spring or other flexible feature associated with the ligation cover to provide active ligation; (3) a ligation cover that has sufficient flexibility and resilience to facilitate locking and unlocking relative to the base; (4) a spring or spring-like feature that provides resistance to rotation of the ligation cover relative to the base; (5) a bracket base and ligation cover formed from different types of plastic materials; (6) two or more initially open arch wire slots that can be ligated by a single ligation cover; or (7) a safety locking feature that holds the ligation cover more tightly to the bracket in response to increased arch wire pressure.

Abstract: A computer system that hosts a cable modem is described. The cable modem may be used to send and receive messages over the Internet using a cable network managed by a cable operator. Unlike external modems, the cable modem uses the same CPU and memory that are used by the computer system's operating system. However, the cable modem has a different network address than the computer system. When the cable modem receives a data packet having the network address of the cable modem, a cable modem driver forwards the packet to a protocol stack for the cable modem. When the cable modem receives a data packet having the network address of the computer system, the packet is forwarded to a different protocol stack for the computer system. Since the protocol stacks of the cable modem and computer system are different, direct communication from the computer system to the cable modem is not permitted.

Abstract: Provided is a system and method for integrating a cable modem with a host customer premises equipment, such as a computer or set top box. An interface is provided which receives data packets from the cable modem of any manufacturer and transmits the data packet to a media access control layer. The media access control layer determines the destination of the data packet and forwards it to that destination, which may be the cable modem or may be the host computer of the cable modem or any other customer premises equipment networked with the host computer. The interface also receives data packets from the media access control layer and transmits the data packets to the cable modem for transmission upstream. The interface abstracts the control of the cable modem to the media access control layer. The system maintains a protocol stack for the cable modem that is separate from the protocol stack associated with the operating system of the host computer.

Abstract: A connector adapter that can be used to directly connect a peripheral device to a host device. The connector adapter is adjustable so as to allow selective reorientation of the peripheral with respect to the host device. The connector adapter includes a limiting mechanism that restricts the degree to which the adapter can be selectively rotated. In addition, the adapter includes an indexing mechanism that allows the position of the adapter to be locked in predetermined positions. In one embodiment, the connector adapter is partially formed from a compliant material so that the adapter can bend when submitted to an external force, and thereby resist breakage. The connector adapter may also have a physical geometry that provides additional strain relief, such as a plurality of serrations formed on the outer surface. An extension spring can be positioned within the connector adapter so as to return the adapter to substantially its original shape when the external force is removed.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and system for arbitrating for ownership of a logical quorum resource, such as a logical quorum volume, comprising one or more physical quorum resources so as to form a storage network having a plurality of storage devices. Arbitration and volume management responsibilities are cleanly divided between cluster management software and volume management software. The cluster management software handles the arbitration process without knowing the details of how the logical quorum resource is formed. The volume management software handles the formation and management of the logical quorum volume without having details of the arbitration process.

Abstract: A multiple-level undo/redo mechanism is provided in an operating system and is available to application programs run on the operating system. The dating system provides a mechanism for keeping a log of user commands and providing a cursor to a position within the log. Each command may be encapsulated into an object that supports an interface for performing undo/redo operations. Similarly, the log may be encapsulated into an object that supports operations that facilitate a multiple-level undo/redo. A user may perform a single undo/redo operation, multiple successive undo/redo operations or complete undo/redo operations.