Abstract: A hologram lens capable of converting an output beam of light emitted from a semiconductor to a reconstruction light suitable for reconstructing holograms is prepared by use of the object light, which resembles a beam of light emitted divergently from a semiconductor laser for reconstructing holograms and which travels, in the opposite direction to the travelling direction of the beam of light from the semiconductor laser, in such a manner as to converge on a light emitting portion of the semiconductor laser, and the reference light which is an isotropic beam with a circular cross section.

Abstract: A clutch release bearing assembly provided with a self-centering mechanism has a clutch releasing bearing device and bearing device holding means movable axially of a clutch by clutch operating means and holding the bearing device for self-centering. The bearing device holding means has a metallic portion and a synthetic resin portion formed integrally with the metallic portion. The metallic portion constitutes a drum-like base.

Abstract: An electronic copying apparatus is provided of the type in which an electrostatic latent image is formed on a record medium and developed with a toner powder to provide a visual image which is then transferred onto a transfer paper. A neutralizer has a conductive shield plate which includes a side plate which is located at an advanced position as viewed in the direction of movement of the record medium and which is spaced a given distance from the surface of the record medium, maintaining an electric field formed therebetween below 2 kV/cm. A conductive electrode plate is disposed close to an image carrier or a record medium which moves while retaining the visual toner powder image, and a voltage of the same polarity as that of the toner powder is applied to the conductive electrode plate.

Abstract: Serological method for determining the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae antibodies in human sera and products utilized in such testing.

Abstract: A magnetic brush development apparatus for developing latent electrostatic images formed on a flexible latent electrostatic image bearing member by a magnetic brush employing powder developer containing a magnetic material. The latent electrostatic image bearing member is positioned in contact with or in proximity to the magnetic brush formed on a sleeve for development. In a portion where the sleeve and the latent electrostatic image bearing member are positioned in proximity to each other, there are formed two spaces whose cross sections are wedge-shaped and development of the latent image is performed in the space on the upstream side with respect to the transport direction of the latent image bearing member and the unnecessary toner deposited on the latent image bearing member is cleaned in the other space on the downstream side.

Abstract: A reverse development is performed with application of development bias voltage to a development sleeve at the time of development, and the polarity of the bias voltage is reversed or the bias voltage is reduced to zero at the time of non-development. Furthermore, positive images and negative images can be selectively formed by changing the voltage to be applied to a charge injection electrode, without changing the bias voltage to be applied to the development sleeve.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously forming containers, filling the containers with material and packing the containers containing material includes a heating device for heating a bottom sheet of thermoplastic resin supplied intermittently thereto, a forming device for forming container portions from the heated bottom sheet while keeping the latter continuous, a filling device for filling said container portions with material, a sealing device for sealingly covering the container portions with a cover sheet bearing pitch marks corresponding to symbol marks printed thereon, a punching device for removing the sealed containers from the continuous bottom material sheet, and is characterized by that a mark reading device is disposed at a position separated from the sealing device by a distance equal to a distance between the forming device and the sealing device, that a device is associated with at least one of the sealing device and the punching device for forwardly or reversely moving at least one of the sealing devi

Abstract: A seat is made by using a frame fabricated by cold drawing of laminates composed of an inner layer of a non-metallic material sandwiched between two metal foil outer layers.

Abstract: An opening and closing apparatus comprises a swingable member, spring means and resilient restoring force transmission means for transmitting the resilient restoring force of the spring.The swingable member is supported pivotally by the support means so as to be opened and closed with respect to a base frame of the swingable member, and one end of the spring means is fixed to a support portion on which one end portion of the swingable member is pivotally supported, and the other end of the spring means can be twisted forcibly in the closing direction of the swingable member. The resilient restoring force of the twisted end of the spring means is transmitted to or near the line of the center of the gravity of the swingable member, so that the opening and closing operation of the swingable member can be performed safely and smoothly.

Abstract: A guide apparatus for guiding a movable contact glass, which serves as an original table in an electrophotographic copying machine, to a predetermined exposure position for slit exposure, without any inclination of the contact glass, comprising a drive member for reciprocating the contact glass in the exposure scanning direction and a guide member, which is shorter than the distance from the exposure position to the center of gravity of the contact glass at completion of the exposure scanning and whose upper surface at the exposure position is higher than the other upper surface thereof.The drive apparatus comprises a loop drive transmission member which is rotated in one direction and which substantially reciprocates the contact glass and can have a lock release apparatus capable of making the contact glass movable manually when the contact glass is stopped at its dead point.

Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus is provided in which a toner image formed on a photosensitive member is initially transferred onto the surface of a transfer roller and then transferred onto a transfer sheet. Before the transfer step takes place, charge is injected into the toner image on the photosensitive member and the transfer roller is disposed close to the surface of the photosensitive member with a very small clearance. The photosensitive member has a conductive layer to which a bias voltage of the same polarity as the polarity of the toner charge can be applied. The transfer sheet is fed into the nib between the transfer roller and its abutting fixing roller, whereby the transfer and fixing of the toner image take place simultaneously.

Abstract: An oil burner nozzle for use with liquid fuels and solid-containing liquid fuels. The nozzle comprises a fuel-carrying pipe, a barrel concentrically disposed about the pipe, and an outer sleeve retaining member for the barrel. An atomizing vapor passes along an axial passageway in the barrel, through a bore in the barrel and then along the outer surface of the front portion of the barrel. The atomizing vapor is directed by the outer sleeve across the path of the fuel as it emerges from the barrel. The fuel is atomized and may then be ignited.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to improvements in an automatic pattern reading apparatus of the type which comprises a light source for illuminating an object pattern, an imaging unit for receiving the illumination light reflected by or transmitted through the object pattern and a drive unit for one- or two-dimensionally moving said object pattern or said imaging unit. The improvement comprises means for detecting the leading edge position of said object pattern by means of the output picture signal from said imaging unit, means for detecting the trailing edge position of said object pattern, area detection means for detecting an area including the area defined by the leading and trailing edge positions and the area surrounding said defined area and characteristic extract means for extracting the characteristic amount of said object pattern by means of picture signal derived from the detected area.

Abstract: Acid soluble, pepsin resistant, platelet aggregating material isolated from equine arterial tissue by extraction with dilute aqueous acid, method of isolation and use to control bleeding.

Abstract: In sheet feeding apparatus capable of feeding copy sheets individually from a stack of copy sheets held in a sheet feeding cassette to an exposure station of a copying machine, an improved sheet feeding apparatus comprises a cassette, a bottom plate for stacking copy sheets, which is disposed in the cassette, a sheet feeding roller which is disposed above the stack of copy sheets and rotates at the time of sheet feeding, a bottom plate driving mechanism for moving the bottom plate upwards and downwards, bringing the upper surface of sheets into pressure contact with the sheet feeding roller by moving the bottom plate upwards when feeding the copy sheets individually, and moving the bottom plate downwards after each sheet feeding. Furthermore, the sheet feeding apparatus comprises a mechanism for rotating the sheet feeding roller by use of the driving force for moving upwards and downwards the bottom plate.

Abstract: The invention involves a process for substantially separating the components of mixtures of substances at least one of which is of low volatility while the other is of low or no volatility, the process using a compressed gas under supercritical conditions and an entrainer which increases the concentration of said mixture in the gaseous phase as well as the separation factor between the components to be separated. The process operates in two distillation zones the first of which substantially separates the components of low volatility in a process similar to a rectification process while the second distillation zone separates the top product of the first distillation zone from the gas with the aid of the entrainer which is condensed partially and in this state is passed in countercurrent to the gas carrying the separated component of low volatility.

Abstract: A glass pane on which an original is placed and a focusing lens are stationary in the space of a copying machine. An original to be copied is placed on the glass pane in planar form. A pair of reflecting mirrors disposed on the image side of the focusing lens successively reflect exposing light flux from the focusing lens to pass it onto an exposure station on the photosensitive member. The surface of the photosensitive member moves in a given direction at a uniform rate while the pair of reflecting mirrors move in independent directions to achieve a slitwise exposure of the photosensitive member at a given location.

Abstract: A tertiary olefin is produced by making a gaseous tertiary ether usually represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are alkyl groups each having 1-4 carbon atoms which may be same or different each other and R.sup.4 is an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms, contact a catalyst obtained by calcining a silica-alumina compound at 700.degree.-1100.degree. C. in order to carry out cracking of the tertiary ether.