Abstract: An application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) is disclosed. The ASIC comprises an internal circuit coupled between a power line and ground and an output buffer coupled to the internal circuit; wherein the output buffer provides an output signal. The ASIC includes a fault detection circuit coupled between the power line and ground; and a first protection block configured to receive a first control signal from the fault detection circuit. The first switch is coupled to the power line, the output buffer and the internal circuit. The first protection block prevents current from flowing between the power line and ground when a fault condition is detected. The ASIC further includes a second protection block configured to receive a second control signal from the fault detection circuit, wherein the second protection block is coupled to the output signal, the power line and ground.

Abstract: According to an example a router includes a control plane CPU, a data plane CPU, a first memory area and a second memory area independent from the first memory area. When the router upgrades its software, the control plane CPU is reset and clears the first memory area. After being reset, the control plane CPU loads a new version control plane program into the first memory area and runs the new version control plane program in the first memory area.

Abstract: A method of fencing in a cluster system including network devices and a management network device is disclosed. Each network device may run an application program and comprises a fence device. A first network device receives a fence operation command from the management network device. The fence operation command contains information of a target network device and information of a target application. The first network device may determine a fence device on the first network device that corresponds to the fence operation command and activates the determined fence device such that the fence device performs a fence operation on the target application program according to the fence operation command.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for transmitting a message in a Hierarchical Layer 2 Virtual Private Network (H-L2VPN). A destination MAC address, to which a message is to be forwarded upon receiving the message, is determined by a first peer node of the network. The first peer node determines whether one or more equivalent pseudo wires (PWs) connected thereto form a path to the destination MAC address. When it is determined that more than one equivalent PW forms a path to the destination MAC address, an arbitrary equivalent PW is selected from the more than one equivalent PW by the first peer node. The first peer node sends the message, via the selected equivalent PW, to a second peer node of the network connected to the selected equivalent PW for forwarding to the destination MAC address.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure provide a dual-homing protection method and device. In the dual-homing protection method, a forwarding item synchronizing channel and a data transfer channel are established between two Provider Edge (PE) devices in a dual-homing node, a Pseudo Wire (PW) and a Label Switched Path (LSP) protection group bearing the PW are established between a network side peer PE device and the two PE devices in the dual-homing node, which are taken as a logical device, so as to implement LSP protection within a network. The present disclosure may enable the protection within a network to be independent of access link protection. Subsequently, the management is simple.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes rapid convergence of an Access Network (AN). A VLAN forwarder is allocated to a first Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) and traffic for the first VLAN is forwarded to and from the AN via the VLAN forwarder. When detecting that the VLAN forwarder satisfies a VLAN reallocation condition, the VLAN forwarder blocks traffic of the first VLAN to and from the AN via the VLAN forwarder, and calculates a characteristic value of the VLAN forwarder. A packet carrying the characteristic value of the VLAN forwarder is transmitted to each neighbor VLAN forwarder such that VLAN reallocation is performed by a VLAN allocator if the characteristic value of the VLAN forwarder is the same as that of each neighbor VLAN forwarder. After receiving information that the VLAN forwarder is reallocated to a second VLAN, the VLAN forwarder allows the traffic of the second VLAN to and from the AN via the VLAN forwarder.

Abstract: A network device is connectable wirelessly to an Access Point AP that is connected to a server. The network device comprises a processing module to receive a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) message from a client device, to insert in a predetermined option of the DHCP message a Media Access Control (MAC) address of the client device, and to send the DHCP message to the AP to be forwarded to the server for allocation of an IP address to the client device based on the MAC address inserted in the predetermined option of the DHCP message.

Abstract: When a User Edge Device (UED) receives a unicast packet from a user side, the UED searches in a Media Access Control (MAC) table. When a matching entry in the MAC table is found, the UED forwards the unicast packet locally. When no matching entry in the MAC table is found, the UED transmits the unicast packet to a Network Edge Device (NED). When the UED receives a broadcast packet from the user side, the UED broadcasts the broadcast packet within a same Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) of a local site and forwards to the NED.

Abstract: A method of and a device for enabling load balancing for Multiprotocol Label Switching Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) are provided. The method is applied to a process of transmitting data between two Provider Edge (PE) devices that adopt a protection mechanism of primary and backup tunnels. The method comprises allocating, by a source PE device located at a head node of a tunnel, traffic to each of the primary and backup tunnels in a current transmission period based on transmission performance information about each of the primary and backup tunnels in a previous transmission period fed back by a destination PE device located at a tail node of the tunnel, when a set transmission period comes; and obtaining, by said source PE device, the traffic allocated to each of the tunnels and transmitting data to the destination PE device via the corresponding tunnels.

Abstract: According to an example, a change of a system ID for a node in a link state protocol network is notified to other nodes in the network. A message may be sent to notify the other nodes of the system ID change.

Abstract: Protection switching in a multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) ring network with a protection label switch path that is shared by multiple working label switch paths may include receiving a packet intended for transmission towards a disconnected adjacent node on a working label switch path, and adding, to the received packet, a protection label and a merge label. The merge label may uniquely identify the working label switch path on which the packet is received. The packet may be transmitted on the protection label switch path.

Abstract: When communication from a first virtual device to a second virtual device is received, it is determined a first virtual interface associated with the first virtual device and a second virtual interface associated with the second virtual device. It is then determined a first security domain associated with the first virtual interface and a second security domain associated with the second virtual interface to implement a security policy between the first security domain and second security domain. The communication between the virtual devices is allowed or blocked.

Abstract: A method for detecting an IP address. An access router releases the routes of a detected IP address via a first interface and a second interface, and sets the priority of the route released via said first interface lower than that of the route released via said second interface. After having received by said access router a WEB request by the user via said first interface, the method comprises searching a session record corresponding to said WEB request; establishing by said access router the session record corresponding to said WEB request when the corresponding session record is not found, and returning a redirecting message taking said detected IP address as the re-directed destination IP address; and after having received by said access router via said second interface the message taking said detected IP address as the destination IP address, determining that the user who sent said message is an illegal user.

Abstract: A method for managing mapping in a network includes: programming mapping relationships between a VSAN and a VLAN of a fabric in advance, which include mapping relationships between VSANs and VLANs programmed in advance for each FCoE switch needed by the fabric; obtaining mapping relationships between the VSANs and the VLANs configured currently for all the FCoE switches of the fabric, when obtained mapping relationships are inconsistent with the programmed-in-advance mapping relationships, automatically updating mapping relationships between the VSANs and the VLANs configured in FCoE switches corresponding to the inconsistent mapping relationships, and/or mapping relationships between the VSANs and the VLANs programmed in advance for the FCoE switches corresponding to the inconsistent mapping relationships.

Abstract: Examples of a SPB based multicast forwarding method are disclosed. Bridges in a SPBM network perform a multicast monitoring process, learn about multicast router and members of the IP multicast group, and notify other bridges in the SPBM network of the information through a SPB-ISIS LSP. A SPBM bridge in the SPBM network receives and parses the SPB-ISIS LSP, and configures the ingress and egress of the bridge, so as to guide the forwarding of IP multicast packets.

Abstract: An edge device searches a MAC table to obtain information of a public network egress interface for a packet which is to be sent from a local site to a remote site to access a service, replaces a VLAN ID in the packet with a VLAN ID used for transmission in a public network, and sends the packet in which the VLAN ID has been replaced to a remote site according to the information of the public network egress interface.

Abstract: According to an example, a virtual next-hop is created and a destination identity corresponding to each virtual next-hop is stored. Each virtual next-hop comprises one best next-hop and one second-best next-hop, and a next-hop of the best path of the destination identity corresponding to a virtual next-hop is the best next-hop of the virtual next-hop, and a next-hop of the second-best path of the destination identity corresponding to the virtual next-hop is the second-best next-hop of the virtual next-hop. Path forwarding may be performed using the best next-hop of each virtual next-hop. If the best next-hop of a virtual next-hop is determined to be failed, path forwarding may be performed using the second-best next-hop of the virtual next-hop.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a traffic routing method and a traffic routing device. A member device of a stacking system receives traffic destined for a destination node. If there is at least one valid Equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) associated with an address of the destination node in a forwarding table, the member device routes the received traffic to the destination node through the at least one valid ECMP path. Otherwise, the member device selects at least one other member device of the stacking system for routing the received traffic, updates an ECMP path associated with the address of the destination node in the forwarding table to a stacking link connecting the member device with the selected at least one member device, and transmits the received traffic to the selected at least one member device.

Abstract: A method for controlling flow and a chassis switch in a stack system are provided. The stack system includes multiple chassis, each of the multiple chassis includes a main control board and an interface board, traffic flow and control flow in each of the multiple chassis are independent of each other when each of the multiple chassis operates normally. In the method, when a main control board in a chassis in the stack system is unavailable, control flow to be transferred to a destination interface board is switched to a traffic flow channel corresponding to the destination interface board from a control flow channel, and the control flow is transmitted to the destination interface board through the traffic flow channel.

Abstract: According to an example, port negotiation between FCFs is implemented through initiation of a negotiation to an opposite party corresponding to a VFC port on a FCF within a VLAN corresponding to each VSAN supported by the VFC port on the FCF. The port negotiation also includes a determination of an intersection of the VSAN and the VLAN supported by the VFC port and the VSAN and the VLAN supported by the opposite party corresponding to the VFC port on the FCF and performance of an ELP negotiation within the intersection of the VSAN and the VLAN.