Abstract: A nanoflotation system used to separate suspended solids or large settling or floating solids from water, waste water or liquids. This is accomplished through the use of submerged membranes, in combination with a number of design components comprising froth flotation, gravity settling, pre coating of the submerged membranes, spacing, of the membranes to facilitate flotation of solids to the surface or to the bottom of the containment chamber holding the submerged membranes, and membrane structures which use large diameter hollow fiber or tubular membranes and/or large pore opening membrane materials.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for treating liquids containing solids. Liquid is introduced into the bore of a conduit having an injection site. The liquid has a flow direction in the bore and fills the bore at locations upstream of the injection site. Froth is injected into the liquid at the injection site. The injected froth disrupts the flow of the liquid and creates a froth-liquid mixture downstream from the injection site. The froth-liquid mixture exhibits turbulent flow in the flow direction and corresponding high-intensity mixing of the froth-liquid mixture. Solids may attach to surfaces of bubbles. The attachment of the solids may be promoted by the turbulent flow of the froth-liquid mixture and the corresponding high-intensity mixing. The froth may comprise a charged material that creates a charged environment which further promotes the attachment.