Abstract: An apparatus and method for backfeed detection in, and control of, an uninterruptible power system is disclosed. An adaptive controller in an uninterruptible power system enables delivery of power from a second, backup, power source, to loads connected to an output of the system, when a first, primary, input source is detected to be in a fault condition. Subsequent to enabling the second power source, and within a time interval that is less than one AC period following the detection of the input fault, the controller may sense and measure a backfeed of energy from the second source to the first source and may adapt a subsequent fault response based upon the measurement of the backfeed. Adapting the subsequent response may comprise adapting a response to a fault at the output. The subsequent response may comprise disabling or enabling delivery of energy from the second source.

Abstract: Methods and systems for preventing corona discharge are provided. In one embodiment, a housing forming a vacuum includes a coil conductor comprising a grounded conductive or semi-conductive layer that is molded over a primary insulation layer molded on coil conductor which limits the occurrence of voltage drop to the primary insulating layer is disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and systems for preventing corona discharge include an insulation system for a coil conductor in which a grounded conductive or semi-conductive layer is molded over a primary insulation layer, molded on the coil conductor, which limits the occurrence of voltage drop to the primary insulating layer.

Abstract: Rotors assemblies usable in energy storage devices and power systems include a plurality of laminations oriented in vertical alignment, a first plate contacting a first side of the laminations, a second plate contacting a second side of the laminations, and at least one fastener engaged with the plates to compressively retain the laminations and limit relative movement of the laminations. Fasteners can engage the plates via an interference fit and pass through a clearance in the laminations sized to limit contact between the fasteners and the laminations during rotation of the rotor assembly. The laminations can be arranged with a thicker region of a first lamination above a thinner region of a second to form a stacked pair, and multiple stacked pairs can be rotationally offset from one another.

Abstract: Rotors usable in energy storage devices and power systems are formed by orienting a thicker region of a first lamination above a thinner region of a second lamination to form a stacked pair. Multiple stacked pairs of laminations can be positioned in vertical alignment and compressively retained. Usable laminations can be removed from a sheet of material having thicker and thinner regions along its width, each lamination including a visible indicator to facilitate visual identification of the thicker and thinner regions of the lamination. Visible indicators can also be used to identify and position the top and bottom faces of the laminations in the same orientation, and to rotationally offset stacked pairs of laminations from one another to account for possible variations along the length of the sheet of material.

Abstract: Rotors apparatus usable in energy storage devices and power systems include a plurality of laminations having a center and at least one orifice spaced a distance from the center, and at least one fastener extending through the orifice. The one or more fasteners, the one or more orifices, or combinations thereof are sized to reduce contact between the fasteners and the laminations during rotation of the rotor apparatus. The fasteners and orifices can define an envelope, corresponding to the maximum space able to be occupied by a fastener to reduce contact between the fastener and the laminations, and one or more fasteners can have a volume of material less than the volume of the envelope to reduce bending forces on the fastener.

Abstract: Backup energy systems utilizing compressed air storage (CAS) systems and bridging energy systems to supply backup power to a load are provided. During a power failure, the bridging energy system provides backup power to the load at least until the CAS system begins supplying adequate power. In various embodiments, backup power capability is enhanced through the use of one or more exhaustless heaters, which are used to heat compressed air. The compressed air, in turn, drives a turbine which is used to power an electrical generator. In various embodiments, ambient air heat exchangers or other types of heat exchangers are used to heat compressed air prior to the compressed air being routed to the turbine, thereby increasing system efficiency. Backup power and backup HVAC are also provided by utilizing turbine exhaust, heat exchangers and various resistive heating elements.

Abstract: Methods and systems for preventing corona discharge are provided. In one embodiment, an insulation system for a coil conductor comprising a grounded conductive or semi-conductive layer is molded over a primary insulation layer molded on coil conductor which limits the occurrence of voltage drop to the primary insulating layer is disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for using a dual-path fluid routing system that uses a flow restriction device to enhance temperature and pressure control of fluid are provided. Systems and methods for using a setpoint pressure control system to accurately control the setpoint pressure of a regulator are also provided.

Abstract: It is an object of this disclosure to provide an efficient continuous power system that may be deployed quickly and at low cost to a variety of destinations. The containerized nature of the presently disclosed system may allow these advantages to be attained. The disclosed system is particularly well suited for deployment in data center applications, but one of ordinary skill will recognize that it may be useful in a variety of situations.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling humidity of a working fluid used to provided climate control of a mission critical application are provided. Such control may be accomplished by using a humidification system in connection with a CAS or TACAS system. The humidification system may introduce a liquid (e.g., water) into one or more, predetermined points within the CAS or TACAS system to adjust the moisture content of a working fluid used to influence the environment of a mission critical application or enclosure.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for cooling bearings or other objects. Such cooling may be accomplished by expanding a compressed gas in a cooling channel surrounding a bearing and allowing the expanded air to come into direct contact with the bearing. Expanding a compressed gas in local proximity of the bearing takes advantage of the Joule-Thompson expansion of gas, resulting in a substantial drop in gas temperature, thereby maximizing the cooling potential of the gas being directly applied to the bearing. Cooling bearings in this manner extends their operational life and enables them to operate at the desired speeds. A housing may be provided for receiving a compressed gas, expanding the compressed gas to a predetermined pressure, enabling the expanded gas to directly contact the bearing, and exhausting the expanded gas.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to transient energy systems for supplying power to a load substantially instantaneously on demand. Transient energy systems may include a flywheel coupled the rotor of an induction motor generator. One embodiment of the disclosure refers to systems and methods for reducing loads on a bearing in a transient energy system. In another embodiment, the disclosure refers to an induction motor generator that is optimized for high power transient power generation, yet low power motor operation. Yet another embodiment of the disclosure refers to using a flywheel as a drag pump to cool components of a transient energy system. In yet another embodiment, a slip control scheme is discussed for regulating a DC bus. In yet a further embodiment of the disclosure a method is provided for reducing unnecessary turbine starts by making turbine start a function of the rotational velocity of a flywheel.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to transient energy systems for supplying power to a load substantially instantaneously on demand. Transient energy systems may include a flywheel coupled the rotor of an induction motor generator. One embodiment of the disclosure refers to systems and methods for reducing loads on a bearing in a transient energy system. In another embodiment, the disclosure refers to an induction motor generator that is optimized for high power transient power generation, yet low power motor operation. Yet another embodiment of the disclosure refers to using a flywheel as a drag pump to cool components of a transient energy system. In yet another embodiment, a slip control scheme is discussed for regulating a DC bus. In yet a further embodiment of the disclosure a method is provided for reducing unnecessary turbine starts by making turbine start a function of the rotational velocity of a flywheel.

Abstract: A thermal storage unit having at least one conduit around which a cast is made is provided. The thermal storage unit uses conventional piping or tubing to create conduits that economically maximize the surface area of flow in contact with the thermal mass by proving multiple passes for the fluid through the cast. This enables the thermal storage unit to economically provide heat storage as well as effective heat delivery and pressure containment for a fluid flowing through the conduit.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to transient energy systems for supplying power to a load substantially instantaneously on demand. Transient energy systems may include a flywheel coupled the rotor of an induction motor generator. One embodiment of the disclosure refers to systems and methods for reducing loads on a bearing in a transient energy system. In another embodiment, the disclosure refers to an induction motor generator that is optimized for high power transient power generation, yet low power motor operation. Yet another embodiment of the disclosure refers to using a flywheel as a drag pump to cool components of a transient energy system. In yet another embodiment, a slip control scheme is discussed for regulating a DC bus. In yet a further embodiment of the disclosure a method is provided for reducing unnecessary turbine starts by making turbine start a function of the rotational velocity of a flywheel.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to transient energy systems for supplying power to a load substantially instantaneously on demand. Transient energy systems may include a flywheel coupled the rotor of an induction motor generator. One embodiment of the disclosure refers to systems and methods for reducing loads on a bearing in a transient energy system. In another embodiment, the disclosure refers to an induction motor generator that is optimized for high power transient power generation, yet low power motor operation. Yet another embodiment of the disclosure refers to using a flywheel as a drag pump to cool components of a transient energy system. In yet another embodiment, a slip control scheme is discussed for regulating a DC bus. In yet a further embodiment of the disclosure a method is provided for reducing unnecessary turbine starts by making turbine start a function of the rotational velocity of a flywheel.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to transient energy systems for supplying power to a load substantially instantaneously on demand. Transient energy systems may include a flywheel coupled the rotor of an induction motor generator. One embodiment of the disclosure refers to systems and methods for reducing loads on a bearing in a transient energy system. In another embodiment, the disclosure refers to an induction motor generator that is optimized for high power transient power generation, yet low power motor operation. Yet another embodiment of the disclosure refers to using a flywheel as a drag pump to cool components of a transient energy system. In yet another embodiment, a slip control scheme is discussed for regulating a DC bus. In yet a further embodiment of the disclosure a method is provided for reducing unnecessary turbine starts by making turbine start a function of the rotational velocity of a flywheel.

Abstract: Systems and methods for using a dual-path fluid routing system that uses a flow restriction device to enhance temperature and pressure control of fluid are provided. Systems and methods for using a setpoint pressure control system to accurately control the setpoint pressure of a regulator are also provided.

Abstract: Backup energy systems utilizing compressed air storage (CAS) systems and bridging energy systems to supply backup power to a load are provided. During a power failure, the bridging energy system provides backup power to the load at least until the CAS system begins supplying adequate power. In various embodiments, backup power capability is enhanced through the use of one or more exhaustless heaters, which are used to heat compressed air. The compressed air, in turn, drives a turbine which is used to power an electrical generator. In various embodiments, ambient air heat exchangers or other types of heat exchangers are used to heat compressed air prior to the compressed air being routed to the turbine, thereby increasing system efficiency. Backup power and backup HVAC are also provided by utilizing turbine exhaust, heat exchangers and various resistive heating elements.