Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of carbon nanotubes and/or electrolyte structures in various electrochemical devices, such as ultracapacitors having an ionic liquid electrolyte. The carbon nanotubes are preferably aligned carbon nanotubes. Compared to randomly entangled carbon nanotubes, aligned carbon nanotubes can have better defined pore structures and higher specific surface areas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to composite electrodes for electrochemical devices, particularly to carbon nanotube composite electrodes for high performance electrochemical devices, such as ultracapacitors.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed, in one embodiment, to a water atomization and water mist delivery system in which water and a gas are mixed in an aspirating device and provided to a nozzle. The mixture may be delivered from the nozzle to provide fire protection and suppression.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to lithium-ion batteries in general and more particularly to lithium-ion batteries based on aligned graphene ribbon anodes, V2O5 graphene ribbon composite cathodes, and ionic liquid electrolytes. The lithium-ion batteries have excellent performance metrics of cell voltages, energy densities, and power densities.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method and system is provided for detecting target materials using a combination of stroboscopic signal amplification and Raman spectroscopy techniques.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to carbohydrate microarray and conjugated nanoparticles methods of making the same.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to carbon nano-tube composites and particularly to carbon nano-tube compositions for electrochemical energy storage devices and a method for making the same.

Abstract: A method and apparatus measures the presence of total residual oxidant species in aqueous environments. More specifically, the apparatus is operable to measure hypohalites (e.g., hypochlorite and hypobromite) in water containing halide salts using electrochemistry. The apparatus can be a sensor having four electrodes—a reference electrode, a working electrode, and two auxiliary electrodes. The fourth electrode, i.e., the second auxiliary electrode, can be used to generate ionized water near and in contact with the working electrode. The ionized water can clean the working electrode to minimize effects due to scaling or biofilm formation. As such, the working electrode does not need the capability to clean itself. Thus, other elements, originally believed to be unsuitable for use in saline aqueous environments, can be used for the electrodes, for example, gold.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a system and method for detecting substances, such as explosives and/or drugs, using, in part, short bursts of energy light from a relatively low energy strobe. Embodiments include coupling the strobe with a detector for use in a portable hand-held unit, or a unit capable of being carried as a backpack. Embodiments further include placement of one or more stroboscopic desorption units and detectors in luggage conveyors systems, carry-on X-ray machines, and check-in counter locations.

Abstract: An automated balloonsonde launcher and a method for an automated balloonsonde launch are disclosed. The automated balloonsonde launcher, for example, may comprise a collapsible protective cover forming an inner region for receiving a balloon, a gas inlet for receiving a gas, a gas outlet for mating with a balloon, a valve operable between the gas inlet and the gas outlet for inflating a balloon within the inner region of the protective cover. The launcher further comprises a controller that controls the valve to inflate a balloon within the protective cover, opens an opening in the protective cover and releases a balloon through the opening of the protective cover.

Abstract: The present invention relates to composite electrodes for electrochemical devices, particularly to carbon nanotube composite electrodes for high performance electrochemical devices, such as ultracapacitors.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to lithium-ion batteries in general and more particularly to lithium-ion batteries based on aligned graphene ribbon anodes, V2O5 graphene ribbon composite cathodes, and ionic liquid electrolytes. The lithium-ion batteries have excellent performance metrics of cell voltages, energy densities, and power densities.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods for quantifying, purifying and separating fullerenes, such as single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The purification/separation combination provides nearly 100% carbonaceous impurity-free SWNT content from a given impure sample and provides a desired chirality and diameter from a given non-separated sample. Nanometrological validation of the success of purification and separation uses a pyroelectric detector and Raman spectroscopy in a single system, thus providing a critical aspect for the nanomanufacturing environment. The purification/separation and nanometrological validations may be performed in a feedback loop to provide a satisfactorily refined sample and optimized purification/separation settings.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a treatment method and system that (a) while controlling ozone production, electrically charges a plurality of (i) atomic particles (e.g., diatomic oxygen and water molecules) and/or (ii) electrically charged droplets in an input gas stream to form a charged gas stream and (b) provides the charged gas stream to a living organism to be treated.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to carbohydrate microarray and conjugated nanoparticles methods of making the same.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of carbon nanotubes and/or electrolyte structures comprising ionic liquids in various electrochemical devices, such as ultracapacitors.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pre-positionable prosthetic hand, including one or more pre-positionable joints. Pre-positionable joints in accordance with embodiments of the present invention include a multi-axial thumb joint, a metacarpal-phalangeal joint and a wrist joint. Additionally, the present invention may include a number of pre-positionable phalanges or fingers having a segmented construction, which allows them to be placed in various positions. The present invention may be used in connection with a pentadactyl glove and may be positioned in such griping positions as: a key or lateral grip, a hook grip, a cylindrical grip, a spherical grip and a tip-pinch grip.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods for quantifying, purifying and separating fullerenes, such as single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The purification/separation combination provides nearly 100% carbonaceous impurity-free SWNT content from a given impure sample and provides a desired chirality and diameter from a given non-separated sample. Nanometrological validation of the success of purification and separation uses a pyroelectric detector and Raman spectroscopy in a single system, thus providing a critical aspect for the nanomanufacturing environment. The purification/separation and nanometrological validations may be performed in a feedback loop to provide a satisfactorily refined sample and optimized purification/separation settings.

Abstract: A prehensor is provided comprising embodiments of a variable mechanical advantage mechanism, the prehensor including a first mechanical advantage for sizing an object, and a second mechanical advantage for gripping the object. Embodiments of the variable mechanical advantage mechanism include a brake assembly and multiple embodiments of a brakeless assembly. Additionally, multiple embodiments of a selectable voluntary opening/voluntary closing mechanism are provided, whereby a single prehensor can be switched back and forth between a voluntary closing mode and a voluntary opening mode. Additional embodiments include a safety clutch, an improved prehensor tendon, replaceable digits, and self decontaminating digits.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a sorbent comprising a disordered polyvalent metal oxide on the surface of an inert substrate. The substrate can be a layered silicate, such as vermiculite, an aluminosilicate such as montmorillonite, or a nonlayered silicate such as a zeolite. The sorbent removes ionic contaminants, such as arsenic, from process streams.