Abstract: A method of controlled production of luminescent diamond particles exhibiting luminescence in selected specific spectral ranges is provided. The method comprises taking diamond particles containing dopant atoms in the diamond core, irradiating the particles with high energy radiation, and annealing the irradiated diamond particles at a target temperature in the temperature range of about 1400° C.-2200° C. to form luminescent diamond particles where the specific spectral range of luminescence is controlled by the target temperature of the annealing process, the irradiation dose, and the type of dopant atoms. Duration of the annealing and the temperature ramp up and ramp down times should be short enough to minimize or prevent significant graphitization of the particles. Duration of the temperature ramp up time should be short enough to minimize formation of color centers that might form at temperatures below the target temperature.

Abstract: A new insight on the lubrication of joints is presented. Addition of small amounts of nanoscale diamond particles to a joint promotes a substantial improvement in friction and wear behavior of the joint surfaces. The joints can be artificial or natural joints.

Abstract: A new insight on the lubrication of artificial joint components is presented. Addition of small amounts of nanoscale diamond particles to an artificial joint promotes a substantial improvement in friction and wear behavior of the artificial joint surfaces. Artificial joint implants are made from a variety of materials ranging from metal alloys to polymers. Suitable methods of applying nanoscale diamond particles to an artificial joint include (i) coating an effective amount of nanoscale diamond particles onto the artificial joint prior to implants; (ii) applying a composition to the artificial joint during an artificial joint implanting surgery, wherein said composition comprises a biocompatible carrier fluid and an effective amount of nanoscale diamond particles dispersed in the biocompatible carrier fluid; (iii) injecting the composition for lubricating the artificial joint into the artificial joint.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition has a base fuel; colloidal nanocarbon particles, and a dispersion stabilizer that aids in stably suspending the colloidal nanocarbon particles in the base fuel. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: A fluorescent diamond particle, characterized by having a surface and a diamond lattice; the particle comprising a core and a region within approximately 3 nm of the surface of the particle enriched with fluorescent color centers, where the near surface enrichment with color centers is enriched by a treatment providing in-diffusion of external dopants, as compared to particles which have not undergone the treatment. The dopant is selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, a group of nitrogen atoms, silicon, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: A preparation provides light or radiation attenuation between about 190 and 800 nm has an amount of diamond nanoparticles in a medium, where the diamond nanoparticles have a size between about 1 nm and 1000 nm are modified to enhance absorption or photoluminescence. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: A preparation provides light or radiation attenuation between about 190 and 800 nm has an amount of diamond nanoparticles in a medium, where the diamond nanoparticles have a size between about 1 nm and 1000 nm are modified to enhance absorption or photoluminescence. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: A preparation provides light or radiation attenuation between about 190 and 800 nm has an amount of diamond nanoparticles in a medium, where the diamond nanoparticles have a size between about 1 nm and 1000 nm are modified to enhance absorption or photoluminescence. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.