Abstract: In a circuit having an electric actuator in which the electric actuator and at least one operating device for the electric actuator are connected to a control device, a taking of safety-relevant aspects into account in the normal operation of the actuator is achieved by connecting the operating device and the electric actuator in series in a circuit.

Abstract: A load adjustment device for an actuating member which determines the power of an internal combustion engine has a rotatably mounted stop lever (10) on a setting shaft (2). A torsion spring (13) is tensioned between said stop lever (10) and the setting shaft (2). A stop arm (14) of the stop lever (10) engages between an emergency-travel stop (11) and a minimum-load stop (15). For the swinging of the stop lever (10), there is provided a driver (12) which is arranged on an intermediate gear wheel (7) and drives a setting part (3) of the setting shaft (2), which part is developed as toothed segment.

Abstract: A method for the calibration of a lambda probe in an internal combustion engine in which the lambda probe is arranged in front of and/or behind a catalytic converter in order to control a fuel-air mixture of the internal combustion engine. The lambda probe gives off signal values during a measurement period as a function of the exhaust gas produced from the fuel-air mixture. In order to compensate for the lack of sharpness resulting from a manufacturing process of the lambda probe and an aging of the probe, a method is proposed for the calibration of the lambda probe in which the catalytic converter is supplied with an overly rich fuel-air mixture. During this time the corresponding signal measurement values of the lambda probe are measured independently of other control signals. Upon a further processing of the probe signal, a correction value is formed therefrom, which correction value is fed to the probe signal in the controlled operating state of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method of checking the efficiency of a catalytic converter in an internal combustion engine in which a ratio is formed from the amplitude of the output signal of a lambda probe arranged behind the catalytic converter and from the amplitude of the output signal of a lambda probe arranged in front of the catalytic converter. The ratio is compared with a threshold value, the catalytic converter being recognized as deficient if the ratio is less than the threshold value. In order to compensate for the lack of sharpness resulting from the manufacturing process and the aging of the probe, the method provides for determining the efficiency of the catalyst in which an extreme value of the corresponding probe output signal is determined for each probe after each probe reversal.

Abstract: In a moisture sensor in which electrodes are applied to a non-conductive support, preferably the windshield of a motor vehicle, and in which the resistance between the electrodes is a function of the quantity of moisture present on the support and on the electrodes, the electrodes consist of conductive paths of high electrical conductivity which are covered by a resistance layer of low electrical conductivity.

Abstract: A method for displaying the outside temperature within a motor vehicle in which measured values of the outside temperature are displayed with a greater time delay in the case of increasing temperature on an outside-temperature sensor than in the case of a decreasing temperature. In order to suppress erroneous display of the outside temperature, the time delay is varied as a function of the temperature of the engine.

Abstract: In an indicating device having a stepping-motor drive, an indicating element can be driven by a gear wheel which is in engagement with a worm which is connected with a stepping motor by a worm shaft. The stepping motor is preferably formed of two stators, and of two permanent-magnet rotors which are arranged, fixed for rotation, on the two ends of the worm shaft. The rotors are arranged with half a pole spacing apart, preferably 90.degree..

Abstract: A process and a system for operating a level sensor, particularly for measuring amounts of liquid in motor vehicles, employs a plurality of heatable thermistors wherein a number of the thermistors are covered by liquid depending on the level of the liquid, and are cooled below a breakpoint temperature of the thermistors. The total resistance of the thermistors, which may be connected with further resistors, changes discontinuously as a function of the liquid level. At least one thermistor is located above the maximum possible level. The temperature of the thermistors is increased to such an extent by a feeding of electrical heating power that all thermistors which are above the existing level exceed their breakpoint temperatures, whereupon the total resistance is measured.

Abstract: A load adjustment device for an actuator which determines the power of an internal combustion engine has a driver which is displaceable between two fixed stops which define full load and minimum load. A setting spring is so arranged that it is cocked both by the movement of the driver out of the emergency travel position into full load position, and by the movement out of the emergency travel position into the minimum load position. In this way, a single setting spring acts in such a manner that the actuator is urged from all possible positions in the direction of its emergency travel position.

Abstract: A load adjustment device, intended for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, has a desired-value transmitter actuatable by means of an accelerator pedal. The accelerator pedal has a safety contact which opens when the idle position of the accelerator pedal is reached. This safety contact is connected directly to an actuator, thus circumventing a control electronics system of the load adjustment device, and preventing action on the actuator by the control electronics system.

Abstract: On an intake pipe (1) developed for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle which leads to an air filter housing (3), there is arranged on the outside on the intake pipe (1) a housing (11) containing an engine-control electronics. The housing (11) has a bottom (13) which is cooled by the stream of air in the intake pipe (1). In this way, despite the great closeness of the internal combustion engine, sufficient cooling is obtained of the electronic structural parts of the engine-control electronics.

Abstract: A contact sleeve is inserted in a recess (6) in a support part (2) of a measurement movement, such as a moving magnet measurement instrument, to provide connection in electrically conductive manner to the measurement movement. For this purpose, a contact screw (12) can be screwed into the recess, a circuit board (11) being pressed by it against an end mouth region of the recess (6). A conductive-track region (17) of the circuit board (11) can in this connection be connected in electrically conductive manner to the contact sleeve (7). The contact sleeve (7) on its end facing the circuit board (11), has an approximately radially outwardly extending flange-like widening which extends into the end mouth region of the recess (6) between support part (2) and the circuit board (11) which can be pressed thereon.

Abstract: A process and a system for controlling a windshield wiper, in particular on a motor vehicle, employs a sensor which recognizes the intensity of the rain. The sensor gives off a signal whereby the windshield wiper is automatically controlled as a function of the intensity of the rain. A variation in the signal of the sensor is effected by random signals produced by the continuous movements of drops of water, and serves as measure for the intensity of the rain. In order to assure an optimal and reliable control of the windshield wiper as a function of the intensity of the rain, there is a monitoring of the time between a first sudden change of the signal and a second sudden change. When the time exceeds a given value, the windshield wiper is controlled as a function of at least an earlier one of the sudden changes in the sensor signal which precedes the aforementioned first sudden change.

Abstract: In a wetness sensor for a window of a motor vehicle, a heating resistor arranged in the window and powered by DC current can be connected to a measuring device for measuring an AC impedance of the heating resistor, in particular the capacitive portion thereof. The impedance varies with the amount of wetness and, thereby, serves as a measure of the wetness. A capacitor is used to bring the sensor near resonance for improved sensitivity.

Abstract: A device for the electric contacting of a sensor present on the outer side of the window of a motor vehicle, which sensor has an electric conductive track which is connected to an electric connecting contact within the motor vehicles. In order to produce a device for the corrosion-free, water-tight electric contacting of a moisture sensor present on the outer side of the motor vehicle, a conductive track arranged on a flexible support is arranged on the vehicle window, gripping around its edge region, the conductive track being conductively connected to the sensor conductive track in the region outside the vehicle and to a connecting contact in the region inside the vehicle.

Abstract: A rain sensor having two non-contacting conductive paths which are aligned parallel to each other and are arranged on the windshield of a motor vehicle, with an evaluation electronics system connected to them. In order to create a rain sensor having the smallest possible dimensions, the width of at least one conductive path is made non-constant over its length.

Abstract: In a process and a circuit arrangement for measuring the resistance of a resistance sensor, for instance a wetness sensor, via a rate of change of the charge of a capacitor, a measurement cycle consisting in each case of a charging of a capacitor, a discharging of the capacitor over the resistance sensor, and thereupon a measurement of the charge remaining in the capacitor, the direction of the discharge current through the resistor changes from measurement cycle to measurement cycle.

Abstract: A rain sensor which is arranged on the outside of the windshield of a motor vehicle in a region which can be passed over by a windshield wiper and has at least one conductive track which is connected to an electric potential within the motor vehicle. A loop resistance of the conductive track (1, 2) is measured for the electrical detection of a tear.

Abstract: A device for producing an electric signal which corresponds to the position of an object which is movable in translation or rotation relative to a base, wherein by optical scanning of markings which periodically recur upon a movement of the object, analog voltage signals A, A and B, B are produced by means of sensors which are spaced apart from each other by one-quarter of the scanning period. The signals are converted in an evaluation circuit with comparators into digital forms of the signals A and B (quadrature signal). In order to produce a test signal S, there is also provided in the device a summation circuit by means of which the voltage signals A, A and B, B are added and compared in a comparator with a threshold value.