Abstract: A signal processing method for ultra-fast acquisition and tracking of severely attenuated spread spectrum signals with Doppler frequency and apparatus thereof are disclosed herein. The signal processing method may include a step of searching for at least one receiving signal from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning signals or Spread Spectrum signals in a signal processing device, wherein the step of searching for at least one received signal includes a sparse Doppler frequency search (SDFS) step performing signal search for respective sparse Doppler frequencies being spaced apart from one another by a first interval, and a synthesized Doppler frequency testing (SDFT) step performing signal search for respective synthesized Doppler frequencies being spaced apart from one another by a second interval between the sparse Doppler frequencies, the second interval being shorter than the first interval.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus includes an X-ray generator configured to transmit X-rays to an object, an X-ray detector configured to detect the X-rays transmitted through the object and convert the detected X-rays into electrical signals, a gantry in which the X-ray generator and the X-ray detector are installed so as to be opposite to each other, the gantry being rotatable about a bore, a controller configured to control a rotation of the gantry during bio-signal cycles of the object so that the gantry is rotated from different start positions whenever one of the bio-signal cycles is started, and an image processor configured to generate a 4D image of the object by applying a prior image-based compressed sensing image reconstruction algorithm to plural 2D projection images acquired from the electrical signals generated by converting the X-rays detected during the rotation of the gantry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of detecting and quantifying biomolecules using nucleic acid polymerase activity controlled by the target molecule, and more particularly to a method for detecting or quantifying biomolecules, which can detect and quantify nucleic acids, proteins, small-molecular substances, physiologically active substances (enzymatic activities), etc., with high sensitivity, based on the change in DNA polymerase activity caused by specific binding of a specific nucleic acid that forms a complex with a DNA aptamer prepared so as to comprise a single-stranded DNA that specifically recognizes the specific nucleic acid. The present invention can provide a method for diagnosing biomolecules, which can detect and quantify target nucleic acids, target proteins, target small-molecular substances, target enzyme activities and the like in a label-free and sensitive manner by controlling polymerase activity through target molecule-induced conformational change of a DNA aptamer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an RTS/CTS handshaking method for improving the efficiency of wireless communication resources. An RTS/CTS handshaking method according to one example of the present invention comprises the steps of: if a Ready to Send (RTS) packet is received, setting a first Network Allocation Vector (NAV) during a predetermined Clear to Send (CTS) packet transmission period; and if the CTS packet is received, setting a second NAV during a predetermined data packet transmission period.

Abstract: A single-channel phase conjugation apparatus includes a spatial light modulator and a single-channel optical sensing and generating unit. The spatial light modulator receives a light having a wavefront scattered by a scattering object. The single-channel optical sensing and generating unit senses a phase control wavefront of an output light focused by the spatial light modulator and outputs a light having a phase conjugation wavefront by changing a direction of the output light in a reverse direction depending on the phase control wavefront.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for improving solar energy conversion efficiency using metal oxide photocatalysts having an energy band of core-shell structure for ultraviolet (UV) ray and visible light absorption, comprising a first process of forming a nanoparticle thin film layer; a second process of preparing a core-shell metal oxide on metal oxide nanoparticles by a plasma reaction under a hydrogen and nitrogen gas atmosphere, and a third process of depositing a transition metal on surfaces of core-shell metal oxide nanoparticles to produce a photocatalyst for energy conversion. A great amount of oxygen vacancies is formed in a shell region by the core-shell metal oxide to achieve effects of improving transfer ability of electron-hole pairs excited by light, and extending a wavelength range of absorbable light to a visible light region by changing a band-gap structure.

Abstract: Provided is a video encoding apparatus, including a signal separator to separate a differential image block into a first domain and a second domain, based on a boundary line included in the differential image block, the differential image block indicating a difference between an original image and a prediction image with respect to the original image, a transform encoder to perform a transform encoding with respect to the first domain using a discrete cosine transform (DCT), a quantization unit to quantize an output of the transform encoding unit in a frequency domain, a space domain quantization unit to quantize the second domain in a space domain, and an entropy encoder to perform an entropy encoding using outputs of the quantization unit and the space domain quantization unit.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave absorber includes a first layer and a second layer disposed on the first layer. The first layer may include a first reinforcing fiber impregnated in a first matrix. The second layer may include a second reinforcing fiber impregnated in a second matrix. The second reinforcing fiber may be plated with a metal magnetic coating layer. The electromagnetic wave absorber may provide electromagnetic wave absorbing ability with a low uncertainty without reducing mechanical properties due to the metal magnetic coating layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high efficiency hollow cathode and a cathode system applying the same, and comprises: a tube comprising at least two refractory metal parts; a gas providing unit and a gas outlet which are respectively formed at the distal ends of the tube; and an insert mounted inside the tube. According to the present invention, since the present invention constitutes a hollow cathode using more than two substances, the present invention can not only enhance thermal stability, lifespan and efficiency, but also can reduce costs accordingly.

Abstract: A class-D amplifier includes an error amplification circuit, a duty signal generator, a level selection circuit, a driver and control block and an output stage. The class-D amplifier divides peal levels of an error signal into multi-level and changes a scheme for modulating the error signal when the error signal crosses each level boundary of the multi-level thereby to have an effect such as the error signal is folded. Therefore, the class-D amplifier drives output nodes with multi-level and thus the class-D amplifier may increasing efficiency while reducing EMI.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a catalyst used in the preparation of acrylic acid and acrylic acid preparation method using the same, and more specifically, discloses a catalyst capable of enhancing selectivity of acrylic acid and a production yield of acrylic acid when preparing acrylic acid from allyl alcohol using a heterogeneous catalyst including bimetallic alloy catalyst particles of gold and another metal, and an acrylic acid preparation method using the same.

Abstract: A differential Colpitts voltage-controlled oscillator according to example embodiments includes a feedback circuit constituting a Colpitts oscillator structure, a negative resistance circuit including a first negative resistance transistor and a second negative resistance transistor cross-coupled to each other and connected to the feedback circuit, a resonance circuit including a first inductor and a variable capacitor connected to both ends of the first inductor to generate differential output signals base on outputs of the feedback circuit, and a phase noise reduction circuit coupled to the feedback circuit to remove phase noise.

Abstract: An antenna device includes a horn antenna including a waveguide and a horn connected to the waveguide, the horn having a shape widening toward an opening direction, a beamforming network including a plurality of input ports and a plurality of output ports and changing a phase of output port signals output from the output ports based on input port signals applied to the input ports, and an antenna array disposed in the horn antenna and connected to the output ports of the beamforming network.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous silicon-silicon oxide-carbon composite comprising a silicon oxide-carbon structure and silicon particles, wherein the silicon oxide-carbon structure comprises a plurality of micropores, and the silicon particles are uniformly distributed in the silicon oxide-carbon structure. The porous silicon-silicon oxide-carbon composite of the present invention shows decreased volume expansion due to the intercalation of lithium ions and improved electric conductivity, and has a porous structure. Accordingly, an electrolyte easily penetrates into the porous structure, and output properties may be improved. When the composite is included in a negative electrode active material, the performance of a lithium secondary battery may be further improved.

Abstract: A tunneling field-effect transistor may be provided that includes: a substrate; a source which is formed on the substrate and into which p+ type impurity ion is injected; a drain which is formed on the substrate and into which n+ type impurity ion is injected; a plurality of vertically stacked nanowire channels which are formed on the substrate; a gate insulation layer which is formed on the plurality of nanowire channels; and a gate which is formed on the gate insulation layer. As a result, it is possible to generate a higher driving current without changing the length of the gate and the area of the channel (degree of integration).

Abstract: A memory alignment randomization method of a memory heap exploit is provided, memory alignment of objects inside a heap area is randomly performed to mitigate the exploits of the vulnerability of the software memory heap area The heap exploit is powerfully mitigated by aligning randomly obtained memory addresses instead of aligning memory addresses at multiples of 4 or 8 when the memory alignment for the objects inside the heap area.

Abstract: The present invention prepared insulin-producing endocrine cells by inducing the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells or human induced pluripotent stem cells into definitive endoderm (DE), pancreatic endoderm (PE), endocrine progenitors (EP), and endocrine cells (EC) stepwise in that order. Particularly, the present invention established the conditions for the formation of an insulin producing endocrine aggregate (EA) from the endocrine cells. Especially in this invention, it was confirmed that the endocrine aggregate has the cell proliferation potential at a significant level and has the increased insulin productivity as well as the activity of inhibiting cell necrosis and apoptosis. Therefore, the method for preparing the endocrine aggregate of insulin-producing beta cells from human pluripotent stem cells can be effectively used for the examination of the medicinal effect of the conventional antidiabetic agents and of the novel antidiabetic drugs.

Abstract: A backlight unit may be provided which is capable of local dimming. The backlight unit includes: one or a plurality of light emitting devices; and a light guide plate including a top surface and a bottom surface, one or a plurality of grooves which are formed in the bottom surface and in which the light emitting device is disposed, a reflective layer which is disposed within the one or the plurality of grooves and reflects light emitted from the light emitting device, and a plurality of inverse prism patterns disposed in the top surface.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus to provide mobility of an object is disclosed. The communication method to support mobility of an object moving on networks includes forwarding a packet to be transmitted to the object to a network to which the object moves based on an identifier and a locator of the object.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a thin film transistor and a method for producing the same, which will easily achieve self-aligned formation of a source/drain region without through processes under a vacuum or a low pressure or with no use of expensive equipment. An exemplary method for producing a thin film transistor according to the invention includes an aliphatic polycarbonate layer forming step of forming an aliphatic polycarbonate layer 50 that covers a gate electrode layer 40 disposed above a semiconductor layer 20 with a gate insulator 30 being interposed between the gate electrode layer 40 and the semiconductor layer 20, and also covers the semiconductor layer 20, and has a dopant causing the semiconductor layer 20 to become an n-type or p-type semiconductor layer, and a heating step of heating at a temperature causing introduction of the dopant into the semiconductor layer 20 and decomposition of the aliphatic polycarbonate layer 50.