Abstract: Sampling in the process of trans-raster distortion correction is described. The distortion parameterization is analyzed to determine the maximum inflation and deflation (magnification and minification) over the image. The maximum inflation is then used to determine the optimal resolution (dimensions in pixels) of the linear-projected image such that it is not undersampled by the output image. The maximum deflation, coupled with the optimal resolution determined in the inflation step, is then used to configure the filter used in the resampling process such that aliasing due to undersampling is minimized, while simultaneously controlling the computational burden of the filter.

Abstract: A user's physical location and the time the user is at that location are sampled by an network-enabled mobile computing device at certain intervals, and used to construct a representation of the comparative relevance of the different physical locations where the user lives. This representation is then used then to optimize and prioritize results returned by a local network search operation, informing the user about which search result would be optimal for the user at her intended time for use of that choice.

Abstract: Efficient determination of illumination over large 3D environments, including shadowing, is provided. Illumination, including shadows, is generated using a raster elevation map by a lighting solver. The lighting solver fetches the raster elevation map for an illumination area of interest at the paging rate and produces an illumination map that is applied to terrain and features by a 3D renderer. The lighting solver updates subsets of the illumination map as necessary to reflect changing illumination or movement of the visual area of interest.

Abstract: A wireless networked device incorporating a display, a video camera and a geo-location system receives geo-located data messages from a server system. Messages can be viewed by panning the device, revealing the message's real world location as icons and text overlaid on top of the camera input on the display. The user can reply to the message from her location, add data to an existing message at its original location, send new messages to other users of the system or place a message at a location for other users. World Wide Web geo-located data can be explored using the system's user interface as a browser. The server system uses the physical location of the receiving device to limit messages and data sent to each device according to range and filtering criteria, and can determine line of sight between the device and each actual message to simulate occlusion effects.

Abstract: Sensor independent display characterization system spectrally characterizes a display system to measure radiant power emitted by the display system that displays a video image to a trainee pilot during sensor stimulation. A sensor spectral response for each wavelength produced by the stimulated sensor is determined. A stimulated luminance for each color level of the displayed image or for a range of color levels is computed. A color look up table that maps computed stimulated luminance to a set of stimulating color values is generated. When a trainee pilot looks at the displayed image using a sensor having a sensor response that was used in computing the stimulated luminance, the pilot will see an image that was created by simulated spectral rendering. The displayed image is an accurate, display and sensor independent image that the pilot can see during the real flight.

Abstract: Programming is provided to a user. The programming includes content that the user wishes to play, and may also contain advertising. More specifically, the user controls various aspects of the advertising and earns value in return for agreeing to or allowing certain advertising actions. For example, in one embodiment, the programming contains blocks of advertising that separate blocks of streaming content, similar to current television advertising. The user pays a subscription fee for the streaming content. The user also has the power to determine which advertisements (or blocks of advertisements) that the user wishes to view. For example, the user may have a remote control with a “skip advertisement” button. Each advertisement has a value associated with it, and by viewing that advertisement, the user earns credits against the user's subscription fee.

Abstract: User-defined shaders are constructed from fragments. The shaders are identified by tags. At run-time, the tag is used to determine whether the user-defined shader has been previously compiled. If it has, the compiled version is executed. If it has not, the fragments are assembled to form the shader and the shader is run-time compiled. The compiled shader can be stored for subsequent reuse, with the tag serving as an index to the compiled version.

Abstract: A data aware clustered system architecture is described for an image generation system. The architecture leverages commodity personal computers to provide the processing capability of the image generator such as may be used in a flight simulator. The architecture supports a data pipeline for processing stages of a progressive data structure for the transformation of data from abstract data to a more concrete form for the generation of an image. The architecture provides a multi-staged data flow that extends transparently from a single node system to multiple CPUs in a single node system, to multiple nodes in a clustered system or to multiple CPUs on each node of a clustered system.

Abstract: Object in a scene are antialiased individually in an object-specific manner, according to the type of object in question. One type of object is antialiased using a multipass screen-space jitter technique, where multiple instances of each antialiased object are render and blended together, with a small displacement in screen space coordinates for each copys. Another type of object is antialiased using a single-pass growth antialasiang technique, where the actual rendered geometry is changed in real time in accordance with distance and angle to minimize aliasing artifacts.

Abstract: Terrain is rendered in a three-dimensional computing environment by attaching a number of fixed terrain layers to the viewer, in a configuration such that each layer resembles a “magic carpet” on which the viewer flies. Each concentric layer covers a successively larger area of the visual database, and the vertex density and texture resolution of each layer is independent of other layers. Each layer may feature a fading band around its circumference, which can facilitate fading between consecutive layers. This approach achieves optimal vertex density/range distribution, which enables both very far horizons (exceeding 100 nmi) and very high elevation detail in the foreground, while maintaining strict performance requirements. High texture resolution and sparsely populated terrain texture are also achieved without the use of specialized hardware because each layer is textured independently.

Abstract: A data aware clustered system architecture is described for an image generation system. The architecture leverages commodity personal computers to provide the processing capability of the image generator such as may be used in a flight simulator. The architecture supports a data pipeline for processing stages of a progressive data structure for the transformation of data from abstract data to a more concrete form for the generation of an image. The architecture provides a multi-staged data flow that extends transparently from a single node system to multiple CPUs in a single node system, to multiple nodes in a clustered system or to multiple CPUs on each node of a clustered system.