Abstract: This invention provides a system and methods for providing liquid to a plant or a seed that can germinate into a plant. The system includes: a liquid delivery device; an actuator; a vessel; and a vessel support; wherein the actuator is operable to cause the liquid delivery device to deliver the liquid to the plant or seed only when the vessel is brought into proximity with the vessel support.

Abstract: This invention provides pH buffered plant nutrient compositions, methods for fertilizing a plant growing or a seed germinating in a hydroponics system, methods for growing a plant in a hydroponics system, and methods for making a pH buffered plant nutrient composition. The compositions and methods of this invention are useful with distilled water, deionized water, filtered water, and United States municipal tap water. The compositions and methods of this invention are useful with most of the municipal water supplies in the United States. pH buffering agents useful in the practice of this invention include phosphate buffers, aquarium buffers, 2-[N-morpholino]ethanesulfonic acid, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides pH buffered plant nutrient compositions, methods for fertilizing a plant growing or a seed germinating in a hydroponics system, methods for growing a plant in a hydroponics system, and methods for making a pH buffered plant nutrient composition. The compositions and methods of this invention are useful with distilled water, deionized water, filtered water, and United States municipal tap water. The compositions and methods of this invention are useful with most of the municipal water supplies in the United States. pH buffering agents useful in the practice of this invention include phosphate buffers, aquarium buffers, 2-[N-morpholino]ethanesulfonic acid, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A countertop gardening appliance can include a base sized and dimensioned to fit on a countertop, a vessel removably supported by the base, the vessel defining a closed lower portion for storing a liquid, and an open upper portion, a gas diffuser located in the vessel, a gas pump located within the base, a conduit connecting the gas pump to the gas diffuser, a one-way valve in fluid communication with the conduit, a growing surface covering the open upper portion of the vessel, the growing surface including a receptacle adapted to receive a seed cartridge, a liquid level gauge indicating a level of the liquid in the vessel, a hood supported above the growing surface by a support arm connected to the base, the hood including an artificial light source, and a controller located within the base, the controller adapted to activate the artificial light source and the gas pump on predetermined time cycles.

Abstract: A soilless garden includes a chamber including a sealed lower portion for storing liquid nutrient solution, and an upper portion including a support structure; soilless growth medium supported by the support structure and adapted to support at least one plant having roots; a removable germination cap located above the soilless growth medium; a conduit having a first end located substantially adjacent to the soilless growth medium, and a second end opposite to the first end; and a pump in the chamber, including an input for receiving the liquid nutrient solution from the lower portion of the chamber, and an output to deliver liquid nutrient solution through the conduit into the soilless growth medium. The support structure includes an opening directed toward the lower portion of the chamber for the liquid nutrient solution to drip from the roots of the at least one plant into the lower portion of the chamber.

Abstract: This invention provides adaptive growth technology, hydroponic and aeroponic gardens with adaptive growth technology, and methods for growing a plant or germinating a seed in with adaptive growth technology. An apparatus of this invention includes a vessel, a growing surface, a light source, a liquid measurement device, a controller in communication with the measurement device and a time that calculate the rate of consumption of the liquid in the vessel by seeds or plants and that adjust the liquid delivery rate, the liquid quality, the nutrient delivery rate, the nutrient quality, the photoradiation delivery rate, and/or the photoradiation quality based on the calculated rate of liquid usage. In an embodiment, the steps are performed automatically without human intervention.

Abstract: A gardening system includes a modular seed cartridge including a rigid, cup-shaped receptacle including an upper portion having an outer rim, a soilless growth medium located in the rigid, cup-shaped receptacle, and at least one seed in contact with the soilless growth medium. The gardening system also includes an aeroponic or hydroponic garden including a chamber including a lower portion for storing a liquid nutrient solution, a cover located above the chamber, the cover including a plant opening adapted to removably support the modular seed cartridge by the outer rim, and a pump located in the chamber and adapted to circulate the liquid nutrient solution from the lower portion of the chamber to the modular seed cartridge supported by the plant opening.

Abstract: A gardening system includes an aeroponic or hydroponic garden including an opening, and a modular seed cartridge. The modular seed cartridge includes a rigid, cup-shaped receptacle including an upper portion having an outer rim adapted to support the rigid, cup-shaped receptacle in the opening of the aeroponic or hydroponic garden, a hydrophilic cellular substrate located in the rigid, cup-shaped receptacle, at least one seed in contact with the hydrophilic cellular substrate, and a seal attached to the outer rim of the rigid, cup-shaped receptacle.

Abstract: This invention provides baskets for growing plants and methods for growing plants using those baskets. The baskets for supporting a plant or a seed that will germinate into a plant, and optionally a growing medium for contacting the seed or plant include at least two basket sections and a means for reversibly connecting at least two of the basket sections wherein the sections can be separated and the plant can be removed from the basket while causing no substantial damage to the plant. Seed cartridges with such baskets, growing media, and seeds or plants are also provided. The methods for growing a plant include separating the basket sections and removing the plant from the separated basket sections while causing no substantial damage to the plant.

Abstract: This invention provides method and devices for receiving and/or delivering liquid to an object, devices for delivering liquid to a plant/seed/growing medium comprising: a conduit comprising: at least two about parallel plates one or more walls substantially sealing the plates and forming a substantially enclosed space, such that the devices are useful in hydroponic gardens. This invention also provides hydroponic gardens with such devices. The parallel plates and the walls can be rigid and hydrophobic.

Abstract: This invention provides a system and methods for providing liquid to a plant or a seed that can germinate into a plant, said system including: a liquid delivery device; an actuator; a vessel; and a vessel support; wherein said actuator is operable to cause said liquid delivery device to deliver said liquid to said plant or seed only when said vessel is brought into proximity with said vessel support.

Abstract: This invention provides smart garden devices for hydroponics growing systems, wherein the devices include a means for delivering electricity to the smart garden device; at least one timer; and means for determining, receiving, sending, or processing data regarding the status of a component or characteristic of the hydroponics device. This invention also provides smart garden kits and methods for using smart garden devices for growing plants.

Abstract: This invention provides time-release plant nutrient compositions, oxygen-generating nutrient compositions, and effervescing nutrient compositions, in the forms of powders, capsules, tablets, pellets, and granules. The oxygen-generating agents include peroxides, percarboxylics, percarbonates, and mixtures thereof. This invention provides methods for making the compositions of this invention and methods for fertilizing a plant or a seed and/or providing oxygen to a plant or seed growing in a hydroponics system.

Abstract: This invention provides pH buffered plant nutrient compositions, methods for fertilizing a plant growing or a seed germinating in a hydroponics system, methods for growing a plant in a hydroponics system, and methods for making a pH buffered plant nutrient composition. The compositions and methods of this invention are useful with distilled water, deionized water, filtered water, and United States municipal tap water. The compositions and methods of this invention are useful with most of the municipal water supplies in the United States. pH buffering agents useful in the practice of this invention include phosphate buffers, aquarium buffers, 2-[N-morpholino]ethanesulfonic acid, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides Adaptive Growth Technology, smart garden devices for gardening systems, including hydroponics systems, and methods for modifying plant growth regimes based on the liquid usage rate and/or the nutrient usage rate of the plant. Characteristics of the plant growth regimes that are modified include: liquid delivery rate and/or quality, nutrient delivery rate and/or quality, add nutrient rate and/or quality, display or display rate of add nutrient quality and/or quantity, and/or photoradiation delivery rate and/or quality. This invention provides methods for making the devices of this invention and provides methods for using the devices of this invention. In an embodiment, the hydroponics system includes the smart garden device or the smart garden device fits in a chamber of the hydroponics device. In an embodiment, the steps are performed automatically without human intervention.

Abstract: This invention provides methods, devices, and kits for growing a plant or germinating a seed into a plant; methods and devices for delivering oxygen to a plant or a seed which will germinate into a plant; methods and devices for delivering liquid to a plant; methods and devices for increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in a liquid to be delivered to a plant; methods and devices for increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in a liquid within a hydroponics device; terraced oxygenators; aspirators, downdraft venturis, net baskets; germination caps, sets of germination caps; methods for increasing the likelihood of germination of a seed; seed-bearing support media; methods for germinating a seed; and smart garden devices for hydroponics growing systems.

Abstract: This invention provides methods, devices, and kits for growing a plant or germinating a seed into a plant; methods and devices for delivering oxygen to a plant or a seed which will germinate into a plant; methods and devices for delivering liquid to a plant; methods and devices for increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in a liquid to be delivered to a plant; methods and devices for increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in a liquid within a hydroponics device; terraced oxygenators; aspirators, downdraft venturis, net baskets; germination caps, sets of germination caps; methods for increasing the likelihood of germination of a seed; seed-bearing support media; methods for germinating a seed; and smart garden devices for hydroponics growing systems.