Abstract: A method for increasing reliability of data accessing for a multi-level cell type non-volatile memory, wherein a plurality of data storage blocks are taken for data accessing of a computer system in accordance with the structure of storage of the multi-level cell type non-volatile memory; and a page jumper is provided to select at least a set of data storage pages in corresponding to a physical page of same storage cell, by jump connecting of the page jumper which jumps over another data storage page in corresponding to the physical page of the same storage cell, then the data storage page selected is accessed for at least a data storage block. the frequency of erasing of flash memory blocks can thus be reduced to elongate the life of use of the multi-level cell type non-volatile memory, this can assure integrity of the data in accessing during abnormal system power breaking.

Abstract: A method for detecting a periodic signal in a communication system. The method includes converting a time domain digitized signal to obtain a corresponding frequency domain digitized signal, quantizing at least two symbols of the frequency domain digitized signal to obtain quantization information, utilizing the quantization information to compute a detection metric for periodic signal detection, and determining that a periodic signal is detected if the detection metric is greater than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A method includes converting a received time domain digital signal to a corresponding frequency domain digital signal, calculating phase angles of tones of at least one symbol of the frequency domain digital signal when a symbol timing offset exists, and calculating at least one differential phase offset (DPO). A DPO is the difference between two consecutive gaps, a gap being the difference between the phase angle of a tone of the symbol of the frequency domain digital signal when the timing offset of the symbol exists and a correct phase angle of the tone of the symbol of the frequency domain digital signal. The method estimates the symbol timing offset with at least one DPO.