Abstract: Disclosed is a rapid and efficient method for expanding a human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. In the method, immune cells in human peripheral blood and human mesenchymal stem cells are co-cultured at a cell number ratio of 1:1 to 400:1, which can significantly enhance the expansion ability of human mesenchymal stem cells; the number of expansion in vitro is more than ten times that of commonly used methods, and the expanded cells still maintain the biological characteristics of stem cells while having stronger self-renewal ability and multidirectional differentiation potential. There is no statistical difference in the expansion-promoting effects of the human peripheral blood immune cells from people of different ages on the human mesenchymal stem cells, regardless of age. Subjects use immune cells in autologous peripheral blood to expand human mesenchymal stem cells, which can avoid the risk of immune rejection.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for resisting aging and enhancing stemness characteristics of human mesenchymal stem cells. Through co-culture of immune cells in human peripheral blood and aging human mesenchymal stem cells in cell-to-cell contact mode, the method can significantly reverse the aging characteristics of the aging human mesenchymal stem cells, including reducing expressions of cell aging markers such as ?-galactosidase, P21 and P16 proteins, and can regulate the cell cycle of the aging human mesenchymal stem cells, specifically by reducing the number of cells in G1 phase and increasing the number of cells in S phase. More importantly, the method can significantly enhance the stemness characteristics of the aging human mesenchymal stem cells, such as abilities of self-renewal, proliferation and multidirectional differentiation potential, and the cells obtained by the culture method are used to treat disease models, which is safe and effective.